The improved survival rate of premature infants requiring intensive care, shows an increased risk for nosocomial infections such as disseminated fungal infection. Renal candidasis usually occurs secondary to systemic disease, and can Iead to obstructive uropathy by fungus ball. A male neonate was born in week 28 of the gestational period. His birth weight was 1200gm. He required mechanical ventilation and surfactant for respiratory distress syndrome, umbilical artery and vein catheterization, percutaneous central veneous catheterization(PCVC) for parenteral nutrition, steroid, aminophylline and broad spectrum anibiotics. Hypertension developed on the 29th hospital day, but was not controlled by diuretics and antihypertensive drugs. on the 40th hospital day, he had abdominal distension, anuria, and azotemia. A Renal ultrasonogram showed that the ureteropelvic junction of the left kidney was completely obstructed with fungus balls. A percutaneous nephrostorny tube, made in a pigtail shape by hand, was inserted under fluoroscopy guidance, and the obstruction of the pelvis was resolved by wire manipulation. Parenteral amphotericin B and oral flucytocine were started, and the left renal pelvis was directly drained and irrigated by percutaneous nephrostomy tube. Candida albicans(C. albicuns) was cultured from urine and a percutaneous central venous catheter tip. His general condition improved, and follow up urine culture revealed no fungus. On follow-up renal ultrasonogram, renal cortex echogenicity and fungus ball had disappeared except for mild left renal calyectasis and pelvic thickening. This report describes a case of obstructive uropathy by fungus ball in systemic candidiasis of prematurity, and reviews the related literature.
Aminophylline ; Amphotericin B ; Antihypertensive Agents ; Anuria ; Azotemia ; Birth Weight ; Candida ; Candidiasis ; Catheterization ; Catheters ; Central Venous Catheters ; Cross Infection ; Diuretics ; Fluoroscopy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fungi ; Hand ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Critical Care ; Kidney ; Kidney Pelvis ; Male ; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous* ; Parenteral Nutrition ; Pelvis ; Respiration, Artificial ; Survival Rate ; Ultrasonography ; Umbilical Arteries ; Veins

Isolated and severe left main coronary ostial stenosis is a rare case. In the majority of these patients ostial stenosis was associated with any of the conditions known to involve the coronary ostia. These conditions include syphilitic aortitis, Takayasu's aortitis, familial hypercholesterolemia, and aortic valve disease. A 34-year young female patient was presented with exertional and stabbing anterior chest pain. There was no history of syphilis, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and smoking. Coronary angiogram showed isolated left main coronary ostial stenosis. Transesophageal echocardiography(TEE) showed acute angle takeoff of the left main coronary artery. She underwent surgical angioplasty of coronary ostia with a patch of autologous pericardium. After angioplasty, TEE showed dilatation of left main coronary ostium and her clinical symptom improved.
Angioplasty ; Aortic Valve ; Aortitis ; Chest Pain ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Coronary Vessels ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Dilatation ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II ; Hypertension ; Pericardium ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Syphilis ; Syphilis, Cardiovascular

PURPOSE: To compare chest radiographic findings of pulmonary tuberculosis in non-AIDS immunocom- promised adult patients with those in immunocompetent patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Eighty six patients who had pulmonary tuberculosis were included in the study. Of these, 41 were non-AIDS immunocompromised adult patients and 45 were immunocompetent adult patients. Chest radiographs obtained from 86 patients were retrospectively evaluated with regard to the followings ;the anatomic distribution and extent of tuberculous lesions, typical or atypical patterns of radiographic findings. We then compared the results in non-AIDS immunocompromised adult patients with those in immunocompetent adult patients. RESULTS: The characteristic manifestation of pulmonary tuberculosis was a tendency of pulmonary lesions to localize in the apico-posterior segments of the upper lobe and the superior segment of the lower lobe in both groups but more wide distribution such as the anterior segment and the lingular segment of the upper lobe and the basal segments of the lower lobe was frequently identified in non-AIDS immunocompromised adult patients, and also bilateral, multisegmental and multilobular extents were common findings. in immunocompetent adult patients, more common findings were in local exudative and productive lesions and several cavities in preferential sites. Atypical plain radiographic findings were more common in non-AIDS immunocompromised adult patients, and which were multiple cavitary lesions, wide extent of bronchogenic spread and tuberculous pneumonia, and .miliary disseminations and mass like lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary tuberculosis in non-AIDS immunocompromised adult patients is characterized by frequent bilateral distribution, wide pulmonary extent, and atypical radiographic findings.
Adult* ; Humans ; Pneumonia ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Retrospective Studies ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

The purpose of this study is to find out how the Father Class, which is being practiced at a hospital located in Seoul, influences on fathers' level of knowledge and confidence of postpartal mother and newborn care. Research design was quasi-experimental study using non equivalent experiment and control group. The data, questionaires, were collected from Sep. 13, 2001 to Oct. 31, 2001 through e-mail, telephone and mail, after discharge from S hospital located in Seoul, where the experimental group was educated at the Father Class and control group didn't take part in the class. The objects were the fathers who have the first baby through normal delivery or C-sec delivery including experimental group 48 persons and control group 52 persons. Four instruments were the revised ones of Lee Mi Kyoung's(1990) and Kwak Yon Hee's tool based on the resources of direct interviews of fathers and one expert, professor. The reliability of four instruments were Cronbach's aloha scores .85 -93. Data were analyzed by SPSS 10.0 program using X(2)-test, and t-test and, One- way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation, etc. The results of this study are as follows; 1.The two groups were confirmed as a homogeneous group by showing no significant difference statistically at the level of 5%. 2.The results of proving the hypothesis are followings: 1)The first hypothesis, "the fathers who participated in the Father Class will have the higher level of knowledge about postpartal mother care than the fathers who didn't" was accepted by significant difference statistically (p=0.000). 2)The second hypothesis, "the fathers who took part in the class will have the higher confidence in postpartal mother care than the fathers who didn't", was supported by significant difference statistically (p=0.000). 3) The third hypothesis, "the fathers who attended the class will have the better knowledge about taking care of newborn than the others", was accepted by significant difference statistically (p=0.000). 4)The fourth hypothesis, "the fathers who participated in the class will have the higher confidence in newborn care than others," was supported by significant difference statistically (p=0.000). 3.The further analysis showed whether they participated in Prenatal Birth Preparing Class influenced on the father's level of knowledge and confidence in postpartal mother and newborn care. In conclusion, the Father Class is the effective nursing intervention strategy that can help new fathers attain father and husband roles by enhancing the level of confidence in and knowledge of the postpartal mother and newborn care.
Electronic Mail ; Fathers* ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Mothers ; Nursing ; Parturition ; Postal Service ; Research Design ; Seoul ; Spouses ; Telephone

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to identify retrospectively the different computed tomography markers and sonography in a series of surgically and pathologically proven cases of tubo-ovarian abscesses in order to achieve correct preoperative diagnosis of this life-threatening condition. METHODS: A review of the medical and pathological records from the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Catholic University Medical College from January 1993 to January 2003 confirmed 79 patients with the diagnosis of tubo-ovarian abscess. Patient were divided into two groups. From this group 15 patients who underwent CT prior to therapy were identified, and the medical records, pathologic reports and CT of these patients were retrospectively reviewed and correlated. RESULTS: All 79 patients underwent operative surgery and were confirmed tubo-ovarian abscess. CT findings of tubo-ovarian abscess present in our patients were (a) a thick-walled fluid-density mass in an adnexal location, (b) septation or partial septation within the mass, (c) indistinct borders with the uterus and adjacent bowel loops, (d) anterior displacement of the mesosalpinx, indicating a probable adnexal origin, and (e) bilateral or unilateral hydronephrosis with hydroureter. CONCLUSION: Tubo-ovarian abscess must be considered in the differential diagnosis of cystic unilateral or bilateral pelvic masses identified on CT. CT usually plays a secondary role in the diagnosis of tubo-ovarian abscess but can be valuable in difficult cases. Lack of a typical clinical presentation should not dissuade the radiologist from suggesting this diagnosis; indeed, the atypical presentation may be the reason why the patient is being evaluated initially with CT rather than with ultrasound.
Abscess* ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Medical Records ; Obstetrics ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography ; Uterus

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to establish the distribution and obstetric outcomes in women with congenital uterine malformations. METHODS: A review of the medical records from the department of obstetrics and gynecology from January 1995 to June 2004 were diagnosed 79 patients with congenital uterine malformations. All of the cases were divided into groups according to classification of ASRM (American Society for Reproductive Medicine), which is based on the degree of failure of normal development of the female genital tact. The obstetric outcomes were compared between the groups. Statistical processing of the material was carried with Pearson chi square test. RESULTS: 79 patientss with congenital uterine malformations were diagnosed by operation or imaging studies. Symmetric congenital uterine malformations, consisting of bicornuate uterus (45.6%), septate uterus (19.0%), and uterus didelphys (31.6%), were the most common, constituting 96.2% of the malformations. Two patients (2.5%) had unicornuate uterus and one patient (1.3%) had arcuate uterus. No cases of the agenesis type and T-shaped uteri were found. 196 pregnancies occurred in the 74 patients. Only 43.4% of the pregnancies reached term, while 8.2% resulted in preterm delivery, and 48.4% terminated as miscarriages. CONCLUSION: Obstetric complications occur more frequently among women with congenital uterine malformations than among women in general. Knowledge concerning of congenital uterine malformations is important in recognizing and managing the obstetric complications that may result.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; Classification ; Female ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Obstetrics ; Pregnancy ; Uterus

PURPOSE: Neutrophils found around an infarcted area in the brain was once considered as only the physiologic response following the brain injury, but recent studies have shown that inflammatory responses by neutrophils play an important role in the reperfusion injury. The presence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes(PML) is proven by biochemical assay of myeloperoxidase(MPO) secreted in the cytoplasmic granules. We observed the process of PML infiltration on hypoxic-ischemic brain injury of immature rats by the assay of MPO activity and changes of the MPO activity after the administration of fucoidin, inhibitor of P- and L-selectin. METHODS: We used a well characterized model of the brains of 7 day-old-rats, which had unilateral hypoxic and ischemic injuries(HI). Those injuries were induced by unilateral carotid artery ligation followed by timed exposure to hypoxic inspiratory gas mixture(8% O2). MPO activity was measured in the brain tissue homogenates of HI rats(n=18) at 0, 2, 8, 24 and 48 hrs and in rats that received fucoidin immediately before and again after hypoxia(50 mg/kg, n=6) at 8 and 24 hrs. Controls(n=2) were rats with neither hypoxia nor ischemia. The brain samples were homogenized in 20 mM potassium phosphate buffer(pH 7.4) for 50 secs. The homogenate was centrifuged at 14,000 g at 4degrees C for 15 mins and the supernatant was discarded. The tissue was pulverized, weighed, and suspended in 1 mL of 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer solution(pH 6.0) containing 0.5% cetylditrimethylammonium bromide(wt/vol). The tissue was sonicated and centrifuged at 10,000 g for 15 mins. 200 micro L of the supernatant was mixed with 1 mL of 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer solution(pH 6.0) containing 10 micro L of 1.325 mM o-dianisidine hydrochloride and 170 micro L of 3% hydrogen peroxide(vol/vol). Changes in absorbance at 460 nm were measured for 5 mins by using microplate reader. One unit of MPO activity was defined as that degrading 1 micro mol peroxide/min at 25degrees C, and the result was expressed as units of MPO/100 mg tissue. RESULTS: In HI rats, MPO activity increased at 2 hrs after HI and peaked at 24 hrs in the right hemisphere. In rats with fucoidin treatment immediately before and again after hypoxia, the MPO activity significantly decreased in both hemispheres compared with HI rats(P<0.05). MPO activity in the tissue of control rats was insignificant. CONCLUSION: The dynamic changes of the MPO activity suggest the important role of PMN on hypoxic-ischemic brain injuries in immature rats. MPO activity could be used as an index of the severity of injuries of hypoxic-ischemic brains.
Animals ; Anoxia ; Brain Injuries* ; Brain Ischemia ; Brain* ; Carotid Arteries ; Cerebral Infarction ; Cytoplasmic Granules ; Dianisidine ; Humans ; Hydrogen ; Infant, Newborn ; Ischemia ; L-Selectin ; Ligation ; Neutrophils ; Peroxidase* ; Potassium ; Rats* ; Reperfusion Injury

The incidence of endobronchial tumor in the pediatric period is very rare and the symptoms are very close to those of respiratory tract infection. Diagnosis can be delayed because of low clinical suspicion and the many ways in which these tumors can present. We report the first case, in Korea, of a pulmonary carcinoid tumor that presented with recurrent pneumonia at the same location in adolescence. Treatment is surgical and geared towards complete resection while sparing healthy lung parenchyma. Long-term and careful follow up is recommended to detect local and distant metastasis.
Adolescent* ; Carcinoid Tumor* ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Lung ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pneumonia* ; Respiratory Tract Infections

Nesidioblastosis is a rare disease characterized clinically by persistent hypoglycemia with inappropriately elevated circulating insulin concentration. Adequate early diagnosis should be established and subtotal pancreatectomy performed before itreversible cerebral damage caused by glucose deficit. The authors got a chance to anesthetize 56-day-old male patient for subtotal pancreatectomy because of nesidioblastosis, Following an induction of anesthesia with intravenous thiapental sodium 5 mg/kg and succinylchohne 1 mg/kg, endotracheal intubation was performed and anesthesia was maintained with pancuronium bromide and O2-N2O-enflurane. Intravenous fluid was maintained with 1-2-3 solution 30 ml and 15% D/W 40 ml mixed with 20 ml of 20 mEq/L NaCI.
Anesthesia* ; Early Diagnosis ; Glucose ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia ; Insulin ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Male ; Nesidioblastosis* ; Pancreatectomy* ; Pancuronium ; Rare Diseases ; Sodium

No abstract available.
Anesthesia* ; Emergencies*