No abstract available.
Child* ; Hematuria* ; Humans ; Jeollabuk-do* ; Prevalence*

BACKGROUND: As tuberculous and nontuberculous mycobacterial infections are increasing, it is very important to differentiate the myobacterial species. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method has been proven to be a useful technique for the identification of mycobacteria. The purpose of this study was to investigate the identification rate using HPLC and to know nontuberculous mycobacterial distribution in Ulsan University Hospital. METHOD: Mycobacteria grew in 959 clinical specimens, which were analyzed by HPLC, and their distribution was reviewed by retrospective studies. RESULTS: The patterns of HPLC were divided into single, double, and triple cluster groups which consist of 9, 20, and 4 species of mycobacteria respectively. The identification rate of mycobacteria by HPLC was 98.9%, And the rate of nontuberculous mycobacteria in mycobacterial culture positive specimens was 12.2%. CONCLUSION: HPLC is an excellent tool for mycobacterial identification. And the culture rate of nontuberculous mycobacteria in clinical specimens is increasing in Korea.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Chromatography, Liquid* ; Korea ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ; Retrospective Studies ; Ulsan

BACKGROUND: Infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are significantly increasing over the last decade. Due to the uncertainty in the clinical significance of these organisms, their effective diagnosis and treatment has been challenging. The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution and clinical significance of NTM in clinical specimens. METHODS: Acid-fast culture positive 3,107 clinical specimens were identified by mycolic acid analysis using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC.) The HPLC patterns of 384 NTM strains were compared with those of standard mycobacterium species. Clinical significance of NTM was investigated by a retrospective study including acid-fast stain and culture, medical history, symptoms and signs, radiological and other laboratory findings, pathologic findings, response to treatment, and follow-up study, and was confirmed according to the guideline of American Thoracic Society. RESULTS: Among the 3,107 Mycobacterium-positive specimens, 384 (12.4%) were found to be positive for NTM. Of these, 367 (95.6%) were successfully identified by HPLC as 19 different species, each of which comprising 0.3% to 15.9% of the total NTM, Studies on the pathogenic role of NTM showed that 0~79.6% of each species or 0~100% of isolates from each specimen could be considered clinically significant. CONCLUSION: HPLC method is highly discriminative for the identification of NTM in clinical specimens. When NTM is isolated from clinical specimens in the Ulsan area, the findings from this study could serve as a database on which to determine its clinical significance depending on species type and also specimen type.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Follow-Up Studies ; Mycobacterium ; Mycolic Acids ; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ; Retrospective Studies ; Uncertainty

BACKGROUND: Infections caused by mycobacteria have been significantly increasing. Due to the difficulty of making a decision about the pathogenicity of mycobacteria, species-level identification is very important for patients' diagnosis and treatment. The purpose of this study was to identify mycobacteria species using a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method and to provide an initial database for the distribution of mycobacteria in Korea. METHODS: Acid fast bacteria isolated from 3,107 clinical specimens were identified by mycolic acid analysis using HPLC. The HPLC patterns were compared with those of standard mycobacteria species. RESULTS: The HPLC patterns were divided into single, double, and triple cluster groups, each group comprising 9, 20, and 4 species, respectively. Mycobacteria and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) were identifies by HPLC at the rates of 99.5% and 95.6%, respectively. NTM was isolated in 12.4% of the mycobacteria positive specimens. This study also found that there were 20 different NTM species with the distribution of each species ranging from 0.3% to 15.9% of the total NTM. While the rate of NTM has been increasing in Korea, M. avium-intracellulare, M. fortuitum, and M. chelonae are relatively decreasing, and M. kansasii and M. gordonae are relatively increasing. CONCLUSIONS: HPLC method was highly discriminative for the identification of NTM in clinical specimens.
Bacterial Typing Techniques ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/*methods ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Korea ; Mycobacteria, Atypical/chemistry/*isolation & purification ; Mycobacterium Infections, Atypical/drug therapy/microbiology ; Mycolic Acids/analysis

No abstract available.
Antibody Formation* ; Chickenpox*

No abstract available.
Vena Cava, Inferior*

No abstract available.
Vena Cava, Inferior*

No abstract available.
Hemorrhoidectomy ; Hemorrhoids ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Surgical Stapling ; Pain, Postoperative

The circular stapled hemorrhoidectomy is a new treatment modality for hemorrhoids requiring surgical management. This study reviews the available information concerning the present results of this procedure. A medline search and a review of the literature wene conducted to identify available information on the procedure, with a special attention being given to on-going or published randomized clinical trials. The advantages of circular stapled hemorrhoidectomy were analyzed based on different areas of concern, including postoperative pain, operating time, duration of hospital stay and recovery of normal activity, postoperative wound care, and types and rates of complications. Continence status and patient satisfaction following a circular stapled hemorrhoidectomy are also reported. The circular stapled hemorrhoidectomy is safe, easy to perform, and effective in the treatment of advanced hemorrhoids with an external mucosal prolapse. Other advantages include minimal postoperative complications, easier postoperative management, and a shorter time to return to work congenial to a conventional hemorrhoidectomy. Despite the higher cost and difficult access, this study confirms the feasibility of using a circular stapled hemorrhoidectomy in the treatment of hemorrhoids. The circular stapled hemorrhoidectomy is a promising new option in the treatment of all patients eligible for a surgical approach. A longer follow-up is required to confirm the true efficacy of this surgical method.
Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhoidectomy* ; Hemorrhoids* ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Methods ; Pain, Postoperative ; Patient Satisfaction ; Postoperative Complications ; Prolapse ; Return to Work ; Wounds and Injuries

PURPOSE: To investigate factors affecting persistent diplopia after surgical repair of isolated inferior orbital wall fractures. METHODS: Thirty-three patients who underwent surgical repair of isolated inferior orbital wall fractures in Inha University Hospital Ophthalmology Department from 2014 to 2017 were enrolled in this study. The authors examined facial computed tomography, diplopia, extraocular muscle movement, and Hertel's exophthalmometer before and 6 months after surgery. The diplopia which was not recovered even at 6 months postoperatively was defined as persistent diplopia. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed on parameters that were found to be related to persistent diplopia using univariable logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Univariable regression analysis showed that preoperative ocular motility limitation, preoperative diplopia, the type of fracture, the number of contacts with the fracture site and extraocular muscle (EOM), and EOM tenting were associated with persistent postoperative diplopia. Multivariable regression analysis using the previously mentioned five parameters showed 28.3-fold and 17.4-fold greater probabilities of diplopia after surgery in preoperative diplopia and EOM tenting, respectively (p = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative diplopia and EOM tenting were associated with persistent postoperative diplopia. These parameters were predictors of persistent diplopia in eyes with isolated inferior orbital wall fractures.
Diplopia ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Ophthalmology ; Orbit