Most of the medical schools are confronted with various changes to medical curricula in Korea. Some of them already established a steering group to plan a new curriculum. The study's target is the graduates who had undertaken their 6 year-medical course of Medical School at K University. The purpose of the study is to ascertain how well the medical course they had undertaken had equipped them for practice. The questionnaire explored the level of factual content, the adequacy of their skills training, and the development of attitudes and personal attributes during the course. A total of 204 graduates replied, a response rate of 67.5%. The results can be summarized as follows. The graduates' views on the preclinical course they had undertaken at school of medicine show that they felt there were 'too much' anatomy, biochemistry, and pathology. Their views on the clinical course were shown relatively to be adequate level of factual content in comparison with preclinical course. The graduates' views were also sought concerning the help they had received in acquiring certain skills during their education. Only in the area of 'History-taking' and 'Physical examination' did most feel that the skills had been 'well covered' or 'partially covered'. A part of the survey focused on the attitudes and personal attributes that it was hoped medical students would have acquired by the time they qualified. In most cases the respondents did feel that they had acquired the 15 items' attributes listed, at least partially, by the time they had qualified.
Biochemistry ; Curriculum ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Education* ; Hope ; Humans ; Korea ; Pathology ; Schools, Medical ; Students, Medical

No abstract available.
Humans ; Schools, Medical*

BACKGROUND: Chrome has been known to be a toxic and poten sensitizer and is contained in materials with which we are in frequent contact. But we have few reports detailing chrome contact dermatitis by clothes or the chrome content of materials in out use. OBJECTIVES: Our purpose was to evaluate the chrome content in rassieres. METHODS: We analyzed chrome in brassieres by using atomied absorption spectrophotometer, quantitatively and diphenylcarbazide method, qualitatively. RESULTS: The content of chrome in a 24 hour saline extracted g roup, a 48 hour saline extracted group and a pure nitric acid extracted group in the black was more abundant than in the reds or in the whites. But there was no aignificant difference in the different fabrics of the blacks. CONCLUSION: Although, in reality, it is hard to change chrome to an other substrate as the mordant of dyes, a limitation needed to prevent diseases induced by chrome during the process of dyeing. If someone has a sensitivity to chrome, it is necessary to wash new clothes before waring and to avoid black colored underwear.
Absorption ; African Continental Ancestry Group ; Coloring Agents ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Diphenylcarbazide ; Humans ; Keratinocytes ; Melanocytes ; Nitric Acid

BACKGROUND: Chrome has been known to be a toxic and poten sensitizer and is contained in materials with which we are in frequent contact. But we have few reports detailing chrome contact dermatitis by clothes or the chrome content of materials in out use. OBJECTIVES: Our purpose was to evaluate the chrome content in rassieres. METHODS: We analyzed chrome in brassieres by using atomied absorption spectrophotometer, quantitatively and diphenylcarbazide method, qualitatively. RESULTS: The content of chrome in a 24 hour saline extracted g roup, a 48 hour saline extracted group and a pure nitric acid extracted group in the black was more abundant than in the reds or in the whites. But there was no aignificant difference in the different fabrics of the blacks. CONCLUSION: Although, in reality, it is hard to change chrome to an other substrate as the mordant of dyes, a limitation needed to prevent diseases induced by chrome during the process of dyeing. If someone has a sensitivity to chrome, it is necessary to wash new clothes before waring and to avoid black colored underwear.
Absorption ; African Continental Ancestry Group ; Coloring Agents ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Diphenylcarbazide ; Humans ; Keratinocytes ; Melanocytes ; Nitric Acid

Clinical and statistical observations were performed on 1,930 cases of pregnant women who were admitted for delivery in the Department of Obstetrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital during 1 year (1982) and on 1,961 cases of neonates who were born to the former. The results were obtained as follows: 1. Concerning maternal age distribution, the commonest age group was that of 25~29 and the proportion of the age group 20-29 was 82.4% of all. 2 Concerning obstetrical history, the proportion of the women who had no prior experience of delivery nor abortion was the highest, 45.5%. 3. Concerning abortion history, 36.1% of the women had experienced it and the mean number was 1.8. 4. Type of delivery was as follows: Spontaneous delivery; 58.1%, Vacuum extracted delivery; 22.4%, Cesarean section; 18.8%, Breech delivery; 0.7%. 5. Gestational period distribution of the neonates was as follows: Under 37 weeks (Preterm); 7.1%, Between 38 and 42 weeks (Terms); 87.2%, More than 43 weeks (Postterm); 5.7%. 6. Sex ratio of male to female of the neonates was 1.03 : 1. 7. Birth weight distribution was as follows: Under 2,500gm.; 9.0%, Between 2,501 and 4,000gm.; 85.5%, More than 4,001gm.; 5.5%. 8. The measured growth data of neonates were as follows: Body weight; 3.28kg. for male, 3.18kg. for female, Body height; 50.40cm for male, 49.77cm for female, Chest circumference; 32.54cm for male, 32.17cm for female, Head circumference; 33.49cm for male, 33.11cm for female. 9. The mean values of Apgar score per 1 minute were 7.70 for male and 7.63 for female. 10. The incidence rate of neonatal jaundice was 50.0% and no difference in sex respectively, but more prevalent in preterm baby. 11. The incidence rate of neonatal diseases was 8.9% and the commonest disease was neonatal infection (35.6%). 12. Concerning multiple pregnancy, ratio to single births was 1 : 64.3 and the sex ratio of male to female was 1 : 1.03. 13. The incidence rate of congenital anomaly was 2.4% and the commonest anomaly was digestive system anomaly (30.9%). 14. The neonatal mortality rate was 11.73 per 1,000 neonates, and the majority of neonatal deaths were in low birth weight and preterm neonates (78.3%). 15. The causes of neonatal deaths in decreasing order of frequency were abnormal ventilation (39.1%), prematurity (30.4%), congenital anomaly (13.0%) and etc.
Abortion, Induced ; Apgar Score ; Birth Weight ; Body Height ; Body Weight ; Cesarean Section ; Digestive System ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant Mortality ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn* ; Jaundice, Neonatal ; Male ; Maternal Age ; Obstetrics ; Parturition ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnancy, Multiple ; Pregnant Women* ; Sex Ratio ; Statistics as Topic* ; Thorax ; Vacuum ; Ventilation

Obesity is now recognized as a critical target for public health intervention in many parts of the world, affecting virtually all age and socio-economic groups within both developed and developing countries. This study's objective is to provide an overview of the full range of methods and models available for weight loss, including some methods used by overweight and obese people without medical supervision. Many diverse approaches for achieving weight loss and weight maintenance have been evaluated. According to some evidence-based guidelines, in order to achieve the best treatment outcomes, it is recommended that a combination of dietary therapy with low-calorie diet, increased physical activity, and behavioral therapy be incorporated. Advances in treatment and innovative policy initiatives focusing on prevention could reverse the global problem of obesity and overweight. The most effective forms of treatment require collaboration among health care providers in primary care settings, including nurses, dietitians, psychologists, physicians, and psychiatrists. Effective strategies for weight loss require management strategies that combine dietary therapy and physical activity by using behavioral interventions. Thus, in the near future, the Korean government must develop evidence-based (clinical or community) guidelines for obesity management. Also, due to the lack of high quality primary studies on obesity management in Korea, future randomized clinical or community trials are recommended in this area.
Caloric Restriction ; Cooperative Behavior ; Developing Countries ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Korea ; Motor Activity ; Obesity ; Organization and Administration ; Overweight ; Primary Health Care ; Psychiatry ; Public Health ; Weight Loss

The developement of squamous cell carcinoma from the draining sinus of chronic osteomyelitis has long been recognized as a rare and late complication. The mode of developement of carcinoma at the site of chronic osteomyelitis is not well understood. This, however, is chiefly a disease of middle aged men, and tibia is the most common site. There are two types in this carcinoma; superficial and deep types. In the superficial type obvious presence of fungaiing growth makes diagnosis simple and easily confirmed by biopsy. In the deep type the diagnosis is difficult clinically, but the features most frequently described are an increase in pain and discharge with swelling and hemorrhage. Amputation at the adequate level is the treatment of choice. Three cases of the disease involving one left femur, and two left tibiae are reported with review of literature.
Amputation ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Diagnosis ; Epithelial Cells ; Femur ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteomyelitis ; Tibia

Background: Lospa posterior-stabilized (PS) Plus type is a modified version of Lospa PS, in which the polyethylene insert shape is modified to reinforce stability and prevent patella-post impingement compared to Lospa PS. However, studies comparing the clinical and radiographic results of the two designs have not been reported yet. This study aimed to compare the clinical results of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using the existing PS type and the modified Lospa PS Plus type. Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 558 knees of 342 patients who underwent TKA using the Lospa PS or PS Plus types and were followed up for at least 2 years. Cases were divided into two groups according to the implant used: 212 cases in the PS group and 346 cases in the PS Plus group. For clinical outcome assessment, knee range of motion (ROM), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score, and Knee Society Score (KSS) were recorded before surgery and at the 2-year follow-up. Radiographic outcomes were evaluated according to the American Knee Society method. The incidence of postoperative complications and survival rates were compared between the two groups. Results: Both groups showed significant clinical improvement after surgery. The average KSS significantly improved from 53.4 points in the PS group and 52.3 points in the PS Plus group preoperatively to 91.3 points and 93.2 points after surgery, respectively (p < 0.001). The average WOMAC score improved from 50.4 points in the PS group and 52.3 points in the PS Plus group before surgery to 15.6 points and 14.8 points after surgery, respectively (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the two groups in ROM, the alignment of the lower limbs, and the implant position after surgery. The complication rates were also similar between the groups (p = 0.167). Conclusions The Lospa PS Plus model is a modified design that improves the post structure from the previous PS type. Compared to the PS type, the PS Plus type showed similar statistical results at 2-year follow-up and good clinical results. The short-term average survival rate was over 98%, showing promising results.

Primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube is an extremely rare malignancy of the female genital tract. We have experienced two cases of primary carcinoma in the fallopian tube. One case with huge mass which was diagnosed incidentally on the basis of the biopsy findings, and the other case of the 3 years follow-up. We reported the cases with a brief review of the concemed literatures.
Biopsy ; Fallopian Tubes* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans

We looked for and discussed the changes of curricula of medical course of 31 medical schools during the period of 1984 and 1993. The data used in this study were Educational State Report of Korean Med ical Schools published from Dean Association of Korean Medical Schools in 1984 and 1992-1993. The significant findings were as follows. 1. There were great variability in number of subjects and in time for lecture and exercise in each subject among 31 medical schools. 2. There were a great deal of changes during the period of 1984 and 1993. There were increased tendency in number of subjects and especially block lectures. Schools which had 1-4 subjects vanished in curriculum were most frequent among 22 schools during 9 years. Name of most frequent subjects in block lecture were clinico-patholo gical conference, reproductive medicine, hematology, oncology and cardiology in 1993. 3. Subjects which were transferred to pre-medical program were classified to two groups. One group was traditional basic medical subjects such anatomy, physiology and biochemistry, the other group was newly introduced subjects such as molecular biology and cell biology as basic medical subjects. 4. The data were suggested that long time was needed to stabilized in newly introduced subjects of clinical medicine such as neurology and plastic surgery. Time for lecture and exercise of these subjects shows increasing tendency in schools established before 1978, but decreasing tendency in schools established after 1978.
Biochemistry ; Cardiology ; Clinical Medicine ; Curriculum* ; Hematology ; Humans ; Lectures ; Molecular Biology ; Neurology ; Physiology ; Reproductive Medicine ; Schools, Medical ; Surgery, Plastic