No abstract available.

No abstract available.

Locking of the metacarpophalangeal(MP) joint of thumb in mild hyperextension is relatively uncommon problem. The most frequently recognized cause appears that proximal palmar ligament or volar plate were ruptured tranversely with its distal part riding over the volar prominence of the radial condyle of the first metacarpal head. We experienced two cases of locking of the MP joint of the thumb due to volar plate injury. Closed reduction was failed in both cases and open reduction was done by cutting the constricted ligament hundle over the radial condyle of the first metacarpal head. Our description of this mechanism is supported by expeimental evidence that we obtained from the cadeveric specimens. The height of radial side condyle of first metacarpal head is higher than ulna side of that by 1.76mm in both hands of 16 cadeveric specimen. So we are going to report these cases with a review of the literature, and suggest that the preferable location of surgical incision in open reduction is radial side of metacarpal head.
Hand ; Head* ; Joints ; Ligaments ; Metacarpal Bones* ; Metacarpophalangeal Joint* ; Thumb* ; Ulna ; Palmar Plate

Before 1970, mandibular overgrowth was known as main cause of skeletal Class III malocclusion in growing children ; however, recent study reports that many skeletal Class III malocclusion patients also show maxillary deficiency. Since 1972, when Delaire re-accommodated Protraction Head Gear (P.H.G.), many researchers have reported that skeletal Class III discrepancies could be corrected through use of P.H.G., which induces anterior movement of maxilla and change in mandibular growth pattern into infero-posterior direction ; nevertheless, it is very difficult to predict resultant changes of orofacial region. The purpose of this study was to find out what treatment effect P.H.G. has on different study samples. Author divided 51 skeletal Class III malocclusion patients with maxillary deficiency who were treated with P.H.G. into different study groups depending on sex, treatment beginning age, intraoral appliance, and facial growth pattern. By doing so, following results were obtained. 1. Treatment beginning age and Sex Four age groups (5.8 to 8 year-old, 8 to 10 year-old, 10 to 12 year-old, 12 to 14 year-old) were compared, and no significant difference was observed. (p<0.05) There was no significant difference between the sex groups, either. (p<0.05) 2. Intraoral appliance Treatment effects of study groups that used R.P.E.(mean age of 10.2) and Labio-Lingual appliance(mean age of 8.9) were compared. There was no significant difference depending on the type of intraoral appliance that was used. (p<0.05) 3. Facial growth pattern 1) Amounts of SNB and ANB corrections were smaller in clockwise growth pattern group than those in normal or counterclockwise growth pattern group. (p<0.05) 2) Amounts of increase in Wits appraisal and mandibular plane angle were greater in counterclockwise growth pattern group than those in normal or clockwise growth pattern group.(p<0.05) 3)Amounts of increase in articular angle were greater in counter lockwise growth pattern group than those in clockwise growth pattern group. (p<0.05)
Child ; Head* ; Humans ; Malocclusion* ; Maxilla

The aim of this study was to investigate the susceptibility of mutans streptococci (S. mutans and S. sobrinus) and Streptococcus anginosus, for seven antibiotics, penicillin G, amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, cefuroxime, erythromycin, bacitracin, and vancomycin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of seven antibiotics against 3 species (type strains) of mutans streptococci and S. anginosus, 10 strains (wild type) of S. mutans, 7 strains (wild type) of S. sobrinus, and 11 strains (wild type) of S. anginosus, were measured by broth dilution method. All of the type strains of mutans streptococci and S. anginosus had the same susceptibility for penicillin G, amoxicillin, cefuroxime and bacitracin. Type strain of S. anginosus was sensitive in ciprofloxacin, but those of mutans streptococci were not. All of the clinical isolates of mutans streptococci and S. anginosus had the same susceptibility for the seven antibiotics. Our data reveal that mutans streptococci and S. anginosus have similar antibiotic-resistant character. In addition, these results may offer the basic data to verify the antibiotic-resistant mechanism of mutans streptococci and S. anginosus.
Amoxicillin ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacitracin ; Cefuroxime ; Ciprofloxacin ; Dental Plaque* ; Erythromycin ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Penicillin G ; Penicillins ; Streptococcus anginosus* ; Streptococcus* ; Vancomycin

No abstract available.
Hemorrhoidectomy* ; Hemorrhoids* ; Ligation* ; Rubber*

No abstract available.
Hysterectomy*

The mandible with the lower maxilla comprises the lower third of the face. A correction of the mandible in facial asymmetry would be helpful in improving aesthetic appearance. In general, surgical techniques for improving the contour of lower jaw deformities include correcting the deficient mandible by osteotomies, distraction osteogenesis and the augmentation of the mandible with alloplastic or autogenous materials. In a patient with satisfactory occlusal relationships and mild hypoplasia, alloplastic material for augmentation of the mandible on the affected side is more practical than autogenous augmentation. The porous high density polyethylene (PHDPE) implant is a widely available alloplast which is an attractive alternative to other alloplasts and autogenous tissues. Thirteen patients (8 men, 5 women), ages ranging from 17 to 47 years old, have types IA (n = 6) and IB (n = 5) hemifacial microsomia(Munro and Lauritzen, 1985), Klippel-Feil syndrome (n = 1), Romberg's disease (n = 1) were corrected with prefabricated porous high density polyethylene over a 4 year period (1996- 1999). The average follow-up period was 12 months, however the range has been between 6 and 36 months. Preoperative planning was done based on an aesthetic assessment of thickness of the soft tissue, the use of life size photographs, cephalometric and panorex x-rays and three dimensional computed tomography. The surgical technique consists of an intraoral approach incision, the an implant was placed subperiostealy, appropriately sculptured and fixed to posterior and inferior border of the mandible at the gonial angle. In four patients the implant had to be removed due to complications which included three cases of infection and one case of extrusion by iatrogenic trauma. One of the above four patients' implant was replaced with a smaller one, approximately 3 months after its removal. With the others nine patients there was no infection or permanent morbidity. Postoperative appearance was considered very satisfactory, the mandible was well outlined, and the facial proportions were improved. Porous high density polyethylene implant is recommended for hypoplastic mandible augmentation when proper indication are strictly observed and surgical steps are accurately followed.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Facial Asymmetry ; Facial Hemiatrophy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Jaw ; Klippel-Feil Syndrome ; Male ; Mandible* ; Maxilla ; Middle Aged ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; Osteotomy ; Polyethylene*

One of the problems in the correction of the cleft lip nose deformity is the hypoplastic alar nasi on the affected side, even after secondary rhinoplasty. This deformity was managed with various cartilage grafts for augmentation of the cleft side, but that procedures have been complicated by inadequate cartilage augmentation, complex procedure, unpredictable results. To overcome the problem of the hypoplastic alar nasi, the authors used subcutaneous reduction of the upper part of the ala and external lateral triangle on the non-cleft side through the intranasal approach. Additional techniques including partial-thickness incisions of the septal cartilage, freeing of the septal cartilage from the vomer, the nasal osteotomy, a z-plasty on the affected plica vestibularis and cinching of denuded alar base of the affected side or an interalar cinch were also used to repair individual differences of the nasal deformities. The authors performed 20 cases (11 women and 9 men) of the correction of the unilateral cleft lip nose deformity between 1997 and 1999. The patient, ranged in age from 19 years to 51 years at the time of surgery, with a mean age of 24 years. Eight to twenty (mean twelve) months postoperatively, the patients were evaluated by the ordinary scale method and the photogrammetric measurements using preoperative and postoperative photos. All the patients showed uneventful healing except two cases of superficial skin necrosis. By the ordinary scale method, "good" aesthetic results were noted. By the photogrammetric measurement, the alar height of non-cleft were significantly decreased. The results showed a relatively symmetrical alar height index of both cleft and non-cleft sides. In conclusion, the procedure is very simple and fast to perform, and it is easy to achive nasal symmetry. It is possible to use the procedure with additional techniques in the various deformities for the better results.
Cartilage ; Cleft Lip* ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Female ; Humans ; Individuality ; Necrosis ; Nose* ; Osteotomy ; Rhinoplasty ; Skin ; Transplants ; Vomer

Polyphenon 60 refers to the mixture of catechins present in green tea. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activities of polyphenon 60 against 4 strains of Streptococcus mutans and 2 strains of Streptococcus sorbrinus, which are the major causative bacteria of dental caries. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of polyphenon 60 for S. mutans and S. sobrinus were determined and the effect of biofilm formation inhibition of that was evaluated. The MBC value of polyphenon 60 against the bacterial strains was 2.5 mg/ml except for one particular strain, S. mutans KCOM 1128 for which the value was 1.25 mg/ml. The results of biofilm formation inhibition assay revealed that polyphenon 60 inhibited biofilm formation more than 90% at a concentration of 2.5 mg/ml. It was apparent that polyphenon exhibited biofilm formation inhibition activity along with bactericidal effect against S. mutans and S. sobrinus. Therefore, it is proposed that polyphenon 60 as one of the components of bactericidal agents could be useful in developing oral hygiene products, toothpaste or gargling solution.
Bacteria ; Biofilms ; Catechin ; Dental Caries ; Oral Hygiene ; Streptococcus mutans ; Streptococcus sobrinus ; Streptococcus ; Tea ; Toothpastes