No abstract available.
Female ; Mammaplasty*

Locking of the metacarpophalangeal(MP) joint of thumb in mild hyperextension is relatively uncommon problem. The most frequently recognized cause appears that proximal palmar ligament or volar plate were ruptured tranversely with its distal part riding over the volar prominence of the radial condyle of the first metacarpal head. We experienced two cases of locking of the MP joint of the thumb due to volar plate injury. Closed reduction was failed in both cases and open reduction was done by cutting the constricted ligament hundle over the radial condyle of the first metacarpal head. Our description of this mechanism is supported by expeimental evidence that we obtained from the cadeveric specimens. The height of radial side condyle of first metacarpal head is higher than ulna side of that by 1.76mm in both hands of 16 cadeveric specimen. So we are going to report these cases with a review of the literature, and suggest that the preferable location of surgical incision in open reduction is radial side of metacarpal head.
Hand ; Head* ; Joints ; Ligaments ; Metacarpal Bones* ; Metacarpophalangeal Joint* ; Thumb* ; Ulna ; Palmar Plate

No abstract available.
Transplants*

"No-incision" bladder neck suspension, Gittes` operation, is a simple & effective technique among the various surgical technique. But occasionally patients was complained of long - term urinary retention and voiding difficulty after operation because or excessive traction of the nylon suture. We prevented them using chain cystourethrogram intraoperatively. This operation was performed under the spinal anesthesia which the patients can do the Valsalva maneuver during operation. Posterior urethrovesical angle was not significantly different between preoperative & intraoperative chain cystourethrogram. We corrected wide posterior urethrovesical angle to about 100 (mean angle of the normal range). Normal voiding after catheter removal & duration of admission was signiricantly decreased in intraoperative chain cystourethroram group(p<0.05). During 11 months follow-up, overall cure rate was 84.6% without long-term postoperatively voiding difficulty. We concluded that intraoperative chain cystourethrogram was useful methods for good results.
Anesthesia, Spinal ; Catheters ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Neck* ; Nylons ; Sutures ; Traction ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Retention ; Valsalva Maneuver

No abstract available.
Nipples*

We report a case of silicone granuloma of the breast in a 38-year-old female patient who had been injected with liquid silicone by an unauthorized practitioner for augmentation of her breast. On histopathological examination, we could observe numerous variable sized ovoid or round cavities that gave the section a ""Swiss cheese"" appearance in the dermis and subcutaneous fat. She was treated initially with oral antibiotics and corticosteroids with no significant improvement, and she was referred to the Plastic Surgery Department for surgical removal of the silicone granuloma.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Adult ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Breast ; Dermis ; Female ; Granuloma* ; Humans ; Silicones* ; Subcutaneous Fat ; Surgery, Plastic

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by demyelination, focal infiltration of inflammatory cells and axonal injury, which leads to loss of neurological function. The exact cause of the disease remains unclear, but an autoimmune response directed against CNS antigens is suspected. Studies in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS, have provided important insights into mechanisms of T cell-mediated CNS autoimmune disease. It appears likely that when a genetically susceptible host encounters a common environmental antigen (such as an infectious organism), a process called 'molecular mimicry' results in the peripheral activation of cross-reactive T cells that can migrate to the CNS and mount pro-inflammatory responses to myelin epitopes. This review describes the current understanding on the immunopathogenesis of MS and the mechanisms of action of currently available disease-modifying therapies in the context of the underlying immunopathogenic processes they are thought to affect.
Autoimmune Diseases ; Autoimmunity ; Axons ; Central Nervous System ; Demyelinating Diseases ; Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental ; Epitopes ; Models, Animal ; Multiple Sclerosis* ; Myelin Sheath ; T-Lymphocytes

Urethral duplication is rare congenital anomaly. It may be complete or partial, We report a case of PPNG urethritis which limited to the accessory urethra and treated with kanamycin (2. 0gm, im), ampicillin(3. 5gm, po) and probenecid(l pgm, po).
Kanamycin ; Urethra* ; Urethritis*

The authors studied the lung injury induced by endotoxemia and the effects of proteolytic agent on the lung changed by endotoxemia. Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally administrated with a single dose of endotoxin (4 mg/kg, E. coli 025 : B6 lipopolysaccharide) or with endotoxin and gabexate mesilate (200 mg/kg), a proteolytic agent, concomitantly. Rats of each group were scarificed at 9, 18, and 27 hours after injection. Light and electron microscopic examination were done. The results obtained were summarized as follows: Light microscopic exmination revealed congested capillaries and neutrophilic infiltration in both groups. Electron microscopic findings were interstitial and alveolar neutrophilic infiltration, endothelial swelling with increased pinocytotic vesicles and cytoplasmic process formation, and interstitial edema. Decrease of osmiophilic bodies in the type II pneumocytes had appeared at 9 hours after endotoxin injection. These changes were increased in severity at 18 hours and 27 hours after endotoxin injection. In the group of concomitant treatment of gabexate mesilated and endotoxin, there was no edema at 9 hours after injection. After 18 hours welling of endothelial cell and interstitial edema had appeared. However, the severity of the edema was markedly decreased. Type II pneumocytes showed well preserved osmiophilic bodies. According to these results, it is considered that administration of gabexate mesilate can significantly redeced the lung injury induced by endotoxemia.
Rats ; Animals

No abstract available.
Adipose Tissue* ; Apoptosis ; Lipodystrophy*