No abstract available.

OBJECT: This study was performed in order to examine the correlation between acute neuroleptic-induced dystonic reactions and serum iron level. METHOD: Serum iron levels were measured in psychiatric inpatients who had developed acute neuroleptic-induced dystonia(N=41) and in control patients with no history of acute dystonic reactions(N=37). Serum iron levels were compared in acute dystonic inpatients before starting treatment with neuroleptics and after acute dystonic reaction. RESULTS: The patients exhibiting acute dystonic reactions had significantly lower serum iron levels than the patients without acute dystonic reactions. CONCLUSION: This result supports an association between low serum iron and the occurrence of neuroleptic-induced acute dystonic reactions.
Antipsychotic Agents ; Dystonia* ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Iron*

OBJECTS: Sanjoin, the seeds of Zizyphus vulgaris var. spinosus has been used as the most important hypnotic agent in chinese medicine to treat insomnia. This research was performed in order to examine the effect of betulinic acid and sanjoinine-A which are components of Sanjoin. METHOD: Sleeping time, sleep recordings of EEG, serum serotonin level, and locomotor activity were measured in rats which received betulinic acid and sanjoinine-A as sleep induction material extracted from Sanjoin. RESULTS: 1) Groups received betulinic acid, sanjoinine-A, and lorazepam showed increased sleep time than control group with saline. 2) Groups with betulinic acid, sanjoinine-A, lorazepam and saline recorded beta-wave in sleep recording of EEG. In there was no significant difference among all groups. 3) No significant difference in serum serotonin level among all groups was found. 4) In autonomic activity testing, groups of betulinic acid, sanjoinine-A, and lorazepam showed significantly more decreased in activity than saline group. In comparison of groups of betulinic acid and sanjoinine-A with a group of lorazepam, there was no significant difference. CONCLUSION: These results suggests that betulinic acid and sanjoinine-A have the sedative effect like lorazepam rather than sleep effect.
Animals ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Brain* ; Electroencephalography* ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Lorazepam ; Motor Activity ; Rats* ; Serotonin* ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Ziziphus

OBJECTIVE: It has been thought that estrogen has neuroleptic like effect in women schizophrenic patients. This study aimed to investigate neuroleptic side-effects severity in women with schizohrenia and to investigate their putative association with variations in sex steroids over menstrual cycle. Based on the estrogen theory, The author hypothesized that parkinsonian side-effects would be exacerbated when estrogen levels were high. METHOD: 26 schizophrenic women were assessed using the ESRS(Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale) and estrogen analysis. Tests were conducted twice, in the mid luteal and mid follicular phase. RESULT: It was hypothesized that high level of estrogen would lead to an exacerbation of parkisonian side-effects but the results indicated that parkinsonian side effects decreased overall when estrogen levels were high. This effects were more marked for the group taking typical neuroleptics than those taking atypical neuroleptics. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that estrogen and progesteron may reduce the severity of neuroleptic indeced extrapyramidal side effects over menstrual cycle in women with schizophrenia. It was concluded that estrogen has different effects on dopamine dynamics in the mesolimbic and mesostriatal pathways according to estrogen, progesteron, catecol estrogen, prolactine.
Antipsychotic Agents ; Dopamine ; Estrogens* ; Female* ; Follicular Phase ; Humans ; Menstrual Cycle ; Prolactin ; Schizophrenia ; Steroids

No abstract available.
Glycemic Index ; Humans

We retrospectively analyzed the Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging findings in 41 cases of histologically proved malignant tumors of oral cariey. The diagnostic value of MR imaging in detection and delineation of the lesions was assessed. The value of MRI was compared with that of Computed Tomography (CT) in 14 patients. Thirty-four cases of 41 malignant tumors were squamous cell carcinomas. Adenoic cystic carcinomas (2 cases), malignant melanomas (2 cases), non-Hodgkin lymphomas (2 cases) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma(1 cases) were also included in this study. Most of the lesions were isointense or slightly hyperintense to muscle on T1 weighted images and showed variable degrees of high signal intensity on T2 weighted images. Two cases of malignant melanomas showed characteristic hyperintensity on T1 weighted images. T2 weighted image was better in detection and delineation of tumor in most of the cases. In 6 cases, Gd-DTPA-enhanced T1 weighted image was better than T2 weighted image. T2 weighted image was useful for the evaluation of deep tissue infiltration and T1 weighted image was useful for the evaluation of bone invasion and superficial tissue plane invasion. The lesion was detected only by MR in 3 cases of 14 in which CT was also performed. MR imaging was more sensitive in the evalustion of bone marrow involvement. MR imaging is very useful modality in evaluating oral cavity malignany and is superior to CT in delineation of the as well as in the evaluation of mandible invasion.
Bone Marrow ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Mandible ; Melanoma ; Mouth* ; Retrospective Studies

The MR images of 13 patients with brain abscesses were retrospectively reviewed. The abscesses were solitary in 11 patients and multiple in 2 patients. They were located in the corticomedullary junction of the cerebral hemispheres(11) and cerebellum (2).: The sizes of the abscesses were variable, ranging from 1 cm to 5 cm in diameter. They were round (5), oblong (4) or multilobulated (4) in shape. Massive surrounding edema was found in 12 patients. The signal intensity of the abscess contents was hypointense to gray matter and hyperintense to CSF on T1-weighted images, and hyperintense to gray matter on both proton-density-and T2-weighted images. In 5 patients the abscess contents were heterogeneous on both T1-and T2-weighted images. The signal intensity of the abscess walls was isointense(11), slightly hyperintense (1) or hypointense (1) relative to gray matter on T1-weighted images, whereas they were isointense (4) or hypointense (9) on T2-weighted images. Of 10 patients with Gd-enhanced-T1-weighted images, 5 patients(50%) showed thin, smooth, rim enhancement, while the other 5 patients revealed somewhat irregular thick wall enhancement Satellite or daughter abscesses were found in 6 patients. Meningeal or ventricular wall enhancement suggesting meningitis or ventriculitis was associated in 3 and 1 patient, respectively. In conclusion, the characteristic morphology and intensity of the abscess capsule, massive surrounding edema, satellite abscess and associated meningitis or ventriculitis are characteristics of the brain abscess, even though they are not entirely specific to allow for accurate diagnosis in all patients.
Abscess ; Brain Abscess* ; Brain* ; Cerebellum ; Diagnosis ; Edema ; Gray Matter ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Meningitis ; Nuclear Family ; Retrospective Studies

A 28-year-old female devei,oped five rice-sized erythematous telaniectatic solid papules of her left side of cheek and numerous light brownish flat papules of her face two years before visiting our department of dermatology. Biopsy results of the erythematous papule vere dermal infiltration by well-differentiated, however, somewhat atypical and varying sized plasma cells involving epidermis, and the flat papule was that of verwca plana. Bone marrow aspirate was essentially normal. Primary cutaneous plasmacytoma is a rare disease. A significant proportion of patients with this ent on to develop systemic disease with a poor prognosis. Our patient was not treatead, bit only excised partially for biopsy. All skin lesions involuted two years later spontaneously and rema ns well until now six years later without recurring.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; Cheek ; Dermatology ; Epidermis ; Female ; Humans ; Plasma Cells ; Plasmacytoma* ; Prognosis ; Rare Diseases ; Skin

Cytophagic histiocytic panniculitis is a histiocytic disorder which is characterized by recurrent subcutaneous nodules, fever, pancytopenia, and abnormal hepatocyte function. Most patients had systemic involvement with hepatosplenomegaly and pancytopenia and, after a chronic course, usually developed a hemorrhagic diathesis that led to death. Rarely reported cases were shown to have had a non-fatal course. We report herein a case of cytophagic histiocytic panniculitis in the trunk and both upper arms of 34-year-old woman who had a benign course and also showed histopatholoigcally lipomembranous change in the subcutaneous lesion.
Adult ; Arm ; Female ; Fever ; Hemorrhagic Disorders ; Hepatocytes ; Humans ; Pancytopenia ; Panniculitis*

Pulmonary artery sling is an uncommon and potentially lethal vascular anomaly that can produce airway obstruction. Despite the availibility of a corrective operation, the mortality rate remains very high due to the high incidence of associated obstructive anomalies of the tracheobronchial tree. We experienced a 70-day-old male infant who was admitted to our unit because of sudden dyspnea, cyanosis, coarse expiratory wheezing and inspiratory stridor. At first, he was treated with bronchodilator and steroid under the impression of infantile asthma, but the symptoms went on without interval change. We performed magnetic resonance imaging study followed esophagography and two dimensional echocardiography. Finally he was diagnosed as a vascular sling. We report this with a brief review and related literatures.
Airway Obstruction ; Asthma ; Cyanosis ; Dyspnea ; Echocardiography ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mortality ; Pulmonary Artery ; Respiratory Sounds