It is well-knwon that computed tomography (CT) is useful in detecting accurately the location, extent, erosion and relationshlp of angiofibroma to surrounding structures such as pterygopalatine fossa, It is well-known that computed tomography (CT) is useful in detecting accurately the location, extent, erosion and relatiohship of angiofibroma to surrounding structures such as pterygopalatine fossa, sphenoid slnus, and etc. CT of 20 patients with juvenile angiofibroma, which were examined for 5 years from Feburary, 1979 to May. 1984 at Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, were retrospectively analized. The results were as follows: 1. AII 20 patients of juvenile angiofibroma had tumors in nasopharynx and posterior nasal cavity showing homogeneously dense.enhancing soft tissue mass on CT. There was extension of the tumor from nasopharyhx and posterior nas.al cavity into Pílranasal sinus (60%, 12/20), pterygopalatine fossa (55%, 11/20), infratemporal fossa (30%, 6/20), posterior orbit (10%, 2/20) and cranial cavity (15%, 3/20). 2. Angiography usually adds Iittle diagnostic information, but is still needed to identify the precise source of blood supply to the tumor, and to perform the pre-operative embolization. The use of CT has deferred angiography until just before surgery, permitting embolization at optimal time. 3. CT is almost always necessary to reveal accurately the full extent of the tumor, especially intracranial space in the axial and coronal planes with contrast enhancement. CT is useful both in diagnosis as a guide to angiography and in planning the adequate thereapy of juvenile angiogibroma.
Angiofibroma ; Angiography ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasopharynx ; Orbit ; Pterygopalatine Fossa ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul

OBJECTIVE: Nonstress test(NST) has become an important method of antepartum evaluation of fetal well-being. The fetal heart rate(FHR) testing is used frequently as a nonstress test(NST). However, NST highly depends on whom to interpret the result of FHR testing. Recently, for interpretation of FHR, objective decision methods using softwares have been introduced. In this study, we aim to analyse the correlation between each variable affecting FHR and fetal outcome using objective decision basis with principal component analysis and multiple regression analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical observation was made on 5,314 data from pregnant women who took a NST which had been collected from 1989 to 1997 at Hanyang University Hospital. For collection of data and values of each variable, we used our own FHR interpretation softwares, HYFM-I(DOS version, 1989) and HYFM-II(Window-version, 1998). Then, the principal component analysis is performed to find significant variable and multiple regression analysis using these variables. RESULTS: Each groups were divided and classified as followings ; 1 minute Apgar score-normal, 1 minute Apgar score-abnormal, 5 minute Apgar score-nomal, 5 minutes Apgar score-abnormal; there is significant difference between signal loss and 1 minute Apgar score only. And significant difference was shown between mean baseline FHR, FHR variability-amplitude, FHR variability-MMR, and fetal outcomes(body weight of newborn & Apgar score). The FHR variability-amplitude, FHR variability-MMR, and weight of baby were important values in predict of fetal well-being. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, there are close relation in each variable of FHRand fetal outcome. The result of this study would be useful background data in the development of objective and automated FHR analysis software, especially in the computerized FHR analysis system.
Apgar Score ; Female ; Fetal Heart* ; Heart Rate, Fetal* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Principal Component Analysis

PURPOSE: We evaluated the indications of operation and radiologic findings in 12 operated DeBakey type III aortic dissections. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed radiologic findings of 12 operated DeBakey type III aortic dissections, using CT, MRI, or aortography, and correlations were made with clinical course of the patients. RESULTS: Three cases were uncomplicated dissections. There were aneurysm rupture in 4 cases, impending rupture in 4 cases, occlusion of common lilac artery in 2 cases, occlusion of renal artery in 1 case, and compression of bronchus and esophagus by dilated aorta in 1 case. Associated clinical sign and symptoms were chest and back pain in 12 cases, claudication in 3 cases, dyspnea and dysphagia in 1 case, hoarseness in 1 case, and hemoptysis in 1 case. Post-operative complications were death from aneurysm rupture in 1 case, paraplegia in 2 cases, acute renal failure in 3 cases, and hemopericardium in 1 case. CONCLUSION: Although medical therapy is preferred in management of DeBakey type Ill aortic dissection, surgical treatment should be considered in patients with radiological findings of aortic rupture, impending rupture, occlusion of aortic major branches.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Aneurysm ; Aorta ; Aortic Aneurysm* ; Aortic Rupture ; Aortography ; Arteries ; Back Pain ; Bronchi ; Deglutition Disorders ; Dyspnea ; Esophagus ; Hemoptysis ; Hoarseness ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Paraplegia ; Pericardial Effusion ; Renal Artery ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture ; Thorax

Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis(AGEP) is a relatively rare exfoliative skin syndrome. It consists of a generalized eruption of pustules in response to medication or infection. Antibiotics are the most commonly implicated medications. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAID) can also trigger AGEP. However, So far, a case of AGEP due to ibuprofen has not been reported in Korea. Therefore we report a case of acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis as a result of use of ibuprofen in a 10 years old female.
Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Ibuprofen ; Korea ; Skin

Toxic epidermal necrolysis(TEN) is a severe drug induced life-threatening disease and an acute illness. This disease is characterized by rapid onset of widespread necrosis resulting in sloughing of epidermis. The incidence of TEN is very rare, with approximately 0.5 to 1.4 cases per million per year. but TEN has a high mortality rate of 25-40 percent. Therapy for TEN is primarily aimed at supportive care. Treatment with systemic corticosteroid, immunosuppresive agent such as cyclosporine, cyclophosphamide, pentoxifyllin or plasmapheresis have not been shown to improve outcome. Recently, administration of high dose intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) has been shown to result in rapid improvement in patients with TEN. There have been several reports of the benefit of IVIG in adult patients with TEN. However we could not find using IVIG in pediatric patient with TEN in Korea. We have experienced improvement in a 2 years old boy with TEN after using high dose IVIG.
Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool* ; Cyclophosphamide ; Cyclosporine ; Epidermis ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins* ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous ; Incidence ; Korea ; Male* ; Mortality ; Necrosis ; Plasmapheresis ; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate transverse skeletal and dental changes, including those in the buccolingual dental axis, between patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion and facial asymmetry after bilateral intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy with and without presurgical orthodontic treatment. METHODS: This retrospective study included 29 patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion and facial asymmetry including menton deviation > 4 mm from the midsagittal plane. To evaluate changes in transverse skeletal and dental variables (i.e., buccolingual inclination of the upper and lower canines and first molars), the data for 16 patients who underwent conventional orthognathic surgery (CS) were compared with those for 13 patients who underwent preorthodontic orthognathic surgery (POGS), using three-dimensional computed tomography at initial examination, 1 month before surgery, and at 7 days and 1 year after surgery. RESULTS: The 1-year postsurgical examination revealed no significant changes in the postoperative transverse dental axis in the CS group. In the POGS group, the upper first molar inclined lingually on both sides (deviated side, −1.8°± 2.8°, p = 0.044; nondeviated side, −3.7°± 3.3°, p = 0.001) and the lower canine inclined lingually on the nondeviated side (4.0°± 5.4°, p = 0.022) during postsurgical orthodontic treatment. There were no significant differences in the skeletal and dental variables between the two groups at 1 year after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: POGS may be a clinically acceptable alternative to CS as a treatment to achieve stable transverse axes of the dentition in both arches in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion and facial asymmetry.
Dentition ; Facial Asymmetry* ; Humans ; Malocclusion* ; Molar ; Orthognathic Surgery* ; Osteotomy ; Retrospective Studies

There are many kinds of treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) such as surgical resection, liver transplantation, chemotherapy, interventional therapy [TACE, ethanol embolization, Immuno -chemoembolization, I131 -lipiodol embolization], thermal therapy, cryotherapy, and radiation therapy. Generally spontaneous remission is not common in HCC, however underlying mechanism of spontaneous remission is uncertain. We report a case of complete remission after one time TACE in ruptured HCC with review of literature about the effect of TACE and spontaneous remission. We conclude that arterial embolization is an effective alternative to surgery for hepatic hemostasis in patients with spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Cryotherapy ; Drug Therapy ; Ethanol ; Hemostasis ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation ; Remission, Spontaneous ; Rupture, Spontaneous

Background: Cyclosporine (CS) is widely used in various dermatological diseases, and its range of usage has been expanded to younger patients. However, data on the safety of CS in children and adolescents are limited. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the adverse events and safety of CS in pediatric and adolescent patients with dermatologic diseases. Methods: This retrospective study included 992 pediatric patients (≥12 and ＜19 years of age) having administered oral CS for dermatological reasons between 2010 and 2021. Results: Among the 992 patients, 57 (5.7%) reported adverse events at the clinic. Gastrointestinal symptoms were the most common adverse events (2.6%). Other adverse events included hypertrichosis (1.4%) and headaches (0.6%). During subgroup analysis, hypertrichosis was found more frequently in pediatric patients (age ＜12 years), and the cumulative dose of CS was higher (≥420 mg/kg). Of the 150 patients who underwent laboratory tests, 28 (18.7%) showed abnormal results, including an increase in serum creatinine (8.0%), hypercholesterolemia (6.7%), and urea (2.7%). Conclusion The use of CS in pediatric dermatoses resulted in a low frequency of adverse events, and all the patients showed reversible courses without serious complications. The study suggest that dermatologists should safely administer oral CS with detailed history taking and periodic laboratory tests.

BACKGROUND: Lead is a metal that has no biological function useful for the human body. In Korea, non-occupational exposure to lead has mostly occurred through taking oriental medicine. However, in this paper we report a case of lead poisoning caused by ingesting talisman material. CASE PRESENTATION: A 16-year-old male patient complained of severe abdominal pain after taking cinnabar, a talisman material. He was diagnosed with lead poisoning accompanied by acute hepatitis. We confirmed that the cinnabar the patient took contained about 10% elemental lead. After symptom management, the patients' symptoms, liver function test results, and blood lead concentration level improved. CONCLUSION: Lead poisoning can be accompanied by hepatitis, although rarely. As we have confirmed that cinnabar as a talisman material is harmful to the human body, measures to prevent its misuse are needed.
Abdominal Pain ; Adolescent ; Hepatitis ; Human Body ; Humans ; Korea ; Lead Poisoning* ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Medicine, East Asian Traditional

BACKGROUND: Non-Q weve myocardial infarction(NQMI) is known to have smaller infarct size and less degree of ventricular dysfunction than Q wave myocardial infarction(QMI). However, clinical characteristics of NQMI compared to QMI are not known exactly. To evaluate the clinical outcome of NQMI, retrospective analysis of NQMI was performed. METHOD: Subjects were 155(123 male, 32 female; 61.1+/-11.4 years) patients with acute myocardial infarction who visited the emergency room of Chonnam University Hospital between January 1995 and July 1996. Inclusion criteria were prolonged(>30 min) angina, persistent EKG changes consistent with QMI or NQMI, an increase(twice than normal) in serum CK(nomal; 30-170 U/L) with CK-MB(normal; 0-16 U/L) enzyme. Thirty four(28 male, 6 female; 62.7+/-11.2 years) patients were diagnosed as NQMI and 121(95 male, 26 female; 60.6+/-11.5 yrs) patients as QMI. RESULTS: 1) Percentage of patients who recevedthrombolytic therapy was not different between NQMI(50%) and QMI(51%). 2) There was no differences in the atherosclerosis risk factors between NQMI and QMI. 3) Peak cardiac enzyme was not different between NQMI and QMI. 4) Lateral wall infarction by EKG was more frequent in NQMI than QMI(8.8 vs. 0.8%, p<0.05). 5) According to coronary angiogram, LCX involvement was more frequent in NQMI than in QMI(17.8 vs. 1%, p<0.05). 6) Percentage of coronary revascularizations, including PTCA and CABG, was not different between two groups. 7) There were no differences in the incidences of in-hospital mortality and arrhythmia between two groups. 8) During 10.9+/-11 months'follow-up, reinfarction rate was more frequent in NQMI than in QMI(7.1 vs. 2%,p<0.05). CONCLUSION: NQMI is associated with similar complication rates with QMI and higher reinfarction rates than QMI, and thus NQMI should be treated rigorously at early and follow-up time periods.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Atherosclerosis ; Electrocardiography ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infarction ; Jeollanam-do ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Ventricular Dysfunction