PURPOSE: Benign prostate hyperplasia(BPH) can be treated with alpha1-adrenergic blocker that relaxes prostate smooth muscle or 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor that reduces serum dirtydrotestosterone. The efficacy of the combination of 5 alpha -reductase inhibitor(finasteride) and alpha1-adrenergic blocker(doxazosin) was evaluated in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty five patients with BPH was treated and followed over 6 months and divided into three groups: Group 1(doxazosin 3mg/day), Group 2(finasteride 5mg) and Group 3(combination of both drugs). Initially, all patients were evaluated by international Prostatic Symptom Score(IPSS: irritative, obstructive, sum, life quality), uroflowmetry, residual urine, serum prostate specific antigen(PSA) and prostate weight by transrectal ultrasonography. IPSS, uroflowmetry and complications were evaluated every month. Residual urine and PSA were assessed at every 3 months, prostate weight at every 6 months. RESULTS: In Group 1 and 3, IPSS were more decreased than In Group 2 immediately(p < 0.001). In Group 1 and 3, maximal flow rate was more increased than in group 2 immediately(p < 0.001). There was no difference of mean change of residual urine among three group. In Group 2 and 3, serum prostate specific antigen and prostate weight were more decreased than in Group 1 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In medical treatment of BPH, the combination therapy of alpha1-adrenergic blocker and 5alpha-reductase inhibitor shows early symptomatic improvement and decreased prostate weight without significant complications.
Cholestenone 5 alpha-Reductase ; Humans ; Hyperplasia* ; Muscle, Smooth ; Prostate* ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Ultrasonography

No abstract available.
Humans ; Microcomputers*

The use of atypical antipsychotics is limited by occurrence of adverse reactions such as weight gain, despite of their benefits. This article provides a comprehensive review and discussion of the most significant findings regarding obesity-related pathways and integrates these with the known mechanism of atypical antipsychotic action. The focus of this article is primarily on the genetics of obesity related pathways that may be disrupted by atypical antipsychotics. This review also discussed weight gain, hyperglycemia or occurrence of diabetes while being treated with atypical antipsychotics from the point of view of pharmacogenetics. Pharmacogenetic research seeks to uncover genetic factors that will help clinicians identify the best treatment strategies for their patients. It will aid clinically in the prediction of response and side effects, such as antipsychotic-induced weight gain, and minimize the current "trial and error" approach to prescribing in the near future. This article also presents the genetics of both central and peripheral pathways putatively involved in antipsychotic-induced weight gain while providing a comprehensive review of the obesity literature. This article also review obesity related candidate molecules which may be disrupted during atypical antipsychotic drug treatment.
Antipsychotic Agents ; Genetics ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Obesity ; Pharmacogenetics* ; Weight Gain*

OBJECT: The goal of this study was to examine the changes in body weight and glucose levels of the patients treated with risperidone, clozapine or haloperidol in order to compare the effect of risperidone or clozapine with that of haloperidol. METHODS: For nine months(January to September, 2003), a prospective study was performed in 60 patients with chronic schizophrenia who were in Seoul National Hospital. Two-week period was required for a drug wash-out. The patients were randomly assigned to risperidone, clozapine and haloperidol groups. They were given risperidone(n=20), clozapine(n=20) and haloperidol(n=20), respectively, everyday for 12 weeks. To examine the effects of these drugs on body weight and fasting glucose levels, we measured body weight and glucose levels of all the patients first without the drug treatment and at each end of 4, 8, and 12-week periods with the treatment. And we examined the differences among three groups in the changes of body weight and fasting glucose levels. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the changes of the body weight and fasting glucose levels between the atypical antipsychotics(risperidone or clozapine) and the typical antipsychotics(haloperidol). CONCLUSION: The study in the patients with chronic schizophrenia suggests that risperidone or clozapine do not cause any additional effects on body weight or glucose levels compared to haloperidol.
Body Weight* ; Clozapine* ; Fasting ; Glucose* ; Haloperidol* ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Risperidone* ; Schizophrenia* ; Seoul ; Weight Gain

To build and to manipulate clinical data in one of the important works in the hospital. In order to accurately append the data and to quickly find and display the informations as the user need, we developed a software program running on the personal computer. Our system largely consists of four parts; registration of the clinical and departmental data, retrieving tool of articles in the medical journal, collection of special data for clinical survey and display system of the various reports. In our experiences, we consider the key factors for systemic management of clinical rearch data base as the follows; work analysis for data processing, design of data base, coding and classification of basic data and technique of registeration. Of these standarized coding system of the orthopedic diseases appeare to be of it most importance.
Classification ; Clinical Coding ; Humans ; Microcomputers ; Orthopedics ; Running

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of spinal cord injury(SCI) on male reproductive function, we evaluated changes of pituitary-testicular hormonal level at various time intervals in spinal cord injured rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: SCI was produced in 30 sexually mature Sprague-Dawley rats by T10 spinal cord transection. 20 controls received similar surgery without transection. Testosterone concentrations in the serum and testis, serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) and leutenizing hormone(LH) were measured with radioimmunoassay. Two way analysis of variance(ANOVA) was performed. RESULTS: Testosterone levels in the serum and testis were lower at 2 weeks after injury than in controls, but others were not. Serum levels of FSH and LH were similar in both group. CONCLUSIONS: Spinal cord injury in rats induced impairment of testosterone production in testis at 2 weeks.
Animals ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra* ; Humans ; Male ; Radioimmunoassay ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spermatogenesis ; Spinal Cord Injuries* ; Spinal Cord* ; Testis ; Testosterone

No abstract available.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital*

Purpose : To evaluate the short term result of the tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) procedure in conjunction with vaginal hysterectomy in patients with concurrent stress incontinence and gynecological diseases. Materials and Methods: All patients (32 women) underwent the TVT procedure in conjunction with vaginal hysterectomy between June 2001 and April 2003. Preoperative histories, subjective questionnaires of the degree of incontinence, physical examinations, one hour pad tests and full urodynamic testing were evaluated. The postoperative clinical outcomes, patient satisfaction and complications were checked after 3-months. Results: Thirty-two women who met the study criteria were identified. The mean follow-up time, parity, age, operating time and length of hospital stay were 9.2 months, ranging from 3 to 18 months, 2.6, ranging from 1 to 5, 52.5 years, ranging from 40 to 68, 73 minutes, ranging from 55 to 122 minutes and 4.3 days, ranging from 3 to 9 days, respectively. From the questionnaires, 22 patients were found to be mildly incontinent, 7 moderately incontinent and 3 severely incontinent. All patients were cured of gynecological disease. All cases of mild, 5 of moderate and 2 of severe incontinence were cured. The three remaining patients improved. Twenty-eight patients were satisfied after the operation and 1 had intraoperative bladder perforation. Conclusions: The TVT procedure in conjunction with a vaginal hysterectomy for stress incontinence with other gynecologic disease is considered safe and efficacious, although a longer follow-up will be necessary to determine the long term effect.
Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genital Diseases, Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal* ; Length of Stay ; Parity ; Patient Satisfaction ; Physical Examination ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Suburethral Slings* ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence, Stress ; Urodynamics

No abstract available.
Leiomyosarcoma* ; Rectum*

Building a database file in the medical literature using personal computer enables individualized computer user to search with a small amount of time and effort. We developed a computer program for searching medical literature. This program was developed with Clipper database language, and runs on IBM-PC-compatible computers. The data is based on the Index of Korean Journal of Urology which was revised in 1991. The program is focused on the function of retrieving and printing of keywords, authors and titles, etc. We expect more advanced and beneficial program for searching of medical literature based on this program.
Microcomputers ; Urology*