Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung is a rare form of congenital cystic disease of the lung and associated with developmental arrest of bronchioles in embryonic life. We report 3 cases of congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation which are classified as type I, II and III according to the morphological classification by Stocker et al. The first case was a 6-year-old female with a mass in the lower lobe of the right lung. The mass was composed of several cysts which were filled with inflammatory exudate and lined by ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium (type I + II). The second case was a 4-year-old female with a mass in the middle lobe of the right lung. It was composed of numerous small cysts which were uniform sized and contained inflammatory exudate. These were lined by ciliated columnar and pseudostratified columnar epithelium (type II). The third case was a stillborn female at 27 weeks of gestation. There was generalized edema and severe ascites. The left lower lobe consisted of an ill-defined solid area and small cysts. The solid lesion was composed of bronchiole-sized cysts lined by non-ciliated cuboidal epithelium (type II + III).
Female ; Humans ; Cysts

Clear cell sarcoma of tendons and aponeuroses is the term coined by Enzinger in 1965 to describe a rare but unique type of soft tisse neoplasm whose cells characteristically have the capacity to produce melanin. The authors experienced a case of 64-year old female who presented with a 6x5x4 cm sized mass deeply seated in the left popliteal fossa. The mass was firm and multinodular, and on cut section revealed patches of brown black pigmentation. Histologically the tumor was composed of round to fusiform cells with clear or pale eosinophilic cytoplasm that contained small amounts of glycogen, separated into compact nests or short fascicles by delicate septa of fibrous tissue. The brown black pigment seen in tumor cells and stroma was proven to be melanin by special stain, and ultrastructural examination showed melanosomes in varying stages of development dispersed freely in the cytoplasm or in the lysosomes. These findings strongly support the view that clear cell sarcoma is a tumor of neural crest origin rather than of tenosynovial mesenchyme origin, and is a soft tissue variant of malignant melanoma.
Female ; Humans

Serous cystadenoma of the pancreas, also known as microcystic adenoma or glycogen-rich cystadenoma, is an unusually benign tumor. It is usually large and composed microscopically of many small cysts lined by small, cuboidal or flattened cells containing abundant glycogen. It has been suggested that serous cystadenoma probably arise from the ductular cells or centroacinar cells. Herein, we report on a case of serous cystadenoma of the pancreas in a 55-year-old female. The tumor, measuring 13.5x11.5x10.0 cm, was located in the head of the pancreas and the cut surface revealed a sponge-like appearance due to innumerable tiny cysts containing clear serous fluid. Microscopic analysis showed cystic spaces lined by cuboidal cells with intracytoplasmic glycogen.
Female ; Humans ; Cysts ; Adenoma

A total of 672 surgically resected gastric carcinomas were reviewed, and fourteen cases(2.1%) of "gastric carcinoma with lymphoid stroma" were identified. The tumor was located mostly in cardia and body portion(86%). Thirteen patients one was lost to follow up were alive without recurrence of tumor. Grossly, this carcinoma was characterized by an expanding growth pattern or a multinodular pattern. Histologically, this carcinoma showed an irregular trabecular and alveolar arrangement and densely infiltrated lymphoid cells with lymph follicles. The tumor cell nests were widely separated by non-desmoplastic lymphoid stroma. On immunohistochemical study, T cells were evenly distributed throughout the tumor lesion with intimate contact with individual carcinoma cells, but B cells were mainly present within the germinal centers of lymph follicles. Thus, the organized immune response combined with cell mediated and humoral immunities against the carcinoma cells may be a defense mechanism of the host in this type of gastric carcinoma.

The expression of p62"' and p2l can be seen in many solid tumor, but the pattern and incidence of expression were different according to organ, countries, and examiners, thus it is not definitely defined. Total 67 colorectal carcinoma in paraffin sections are analysed by immunohistochemically for evaluation of the p62and p21- expression according to the age, sex, chief complaints, location, differentiation, modified Dukes stage, using the specific monoclonal antibodies. The results were summarized as follows : The age of patients ranged from 32 years to 82 years. The mean age was 57.6 years. The expression of p 62y' and p21 was not correlated with age. Male was 29 cases(43.3%) and female was 38 cases(56.7%). The male to female ratio was 1:1.31. The and 95.0% in moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, 90.0% and 90.0% in poorly differentiated <,;, adenocarcmoma, 100.0% and 100.0% in mucinous carcinoma. The positive rate of p62!and and p2l' was 94.1% and 88.2% in Dukes stage B,, 96.0% and 96.0% in Dukes stage B,, 100.0% and 100.0% in Dukes stage C,, 100.0% and 88.9% in Dukes stage C, and 100.0% and 100. o% in Dukes stage D. The expression of p62 y' in metastatic colorectal carcinoma showed diffuse and strongly positive reaction than primary colorectal carcinoma. The expression of p21 in primary colorectal carcinoma showed diffuse and strongly positive reaction than metastatic colorectal carcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Incidence ; Male ; Oncogene Proteins* ; Oncogenes* ; Paraffin

PURPOSE: The importance of trace elements in their effect on the physiology and pathology of the central nervous system is well recognized. Changes in the concentrations of these elements in the brain could take place in pathological states. Recently, a greater emphasis has been given to the role of trace elements in the function of the nervous system both in normal and pathological conditions. The past experiments from animal demonstrate that Na+-K+-ATPase inhibition, particularly in the hippocampus, is involved in epileptogenicity. Zinc is the most potent inhibitor of Na+-K+-ATPase followed closely by copper. Zinc modulates the activity of glutamic acid decarboxylase, the rate limiting enzyme in the synthesis of -aminobutyric acid (GABA), which is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter. There are few reports of zinc and copper concentrations in normal CSF and in CSF from patients with neurological diseases. The aim of this study was designed to determine the zinc and copper concentrations and their correlation with protein in CSF of pediatric patients with neurologic disorders. METHODS: The study population was 43 patients who had admitted to Kang Nam Sacred Heart Hospital of Hallym University from March to June, 1996 due to high fever, headache, vomiting, and seizure. All patients were examined CSF study, 32 patients (group I) were showed abnormal CSF and seizure disorders including febrile convulsion and 11 patients (group II) were showed normal CSF and clinical symptoms of febrile illness. Zinc and copper concentrations in CSF were determined with flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. In addition, CSF zinc and copper concentrations in normal CSF proteingroup (group A) and in increased CSF protein group (group B) were determined to investigate probability that the damaged blood-brain-barrier permits the passage of zinc and copper into the subarachnoid space. RESULTS: 1) The CSF zinc concentrations in group I and II were 9.40+/-6.18 and 7.39+/-5.48microgram/dl, and the CSF copper concentrations in group I and II were 4.86+/-7.07 and 2.93+/-1.45microgram/dl, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the CSF zinc and copper concentrations between the two groups. 2) The CSF zinc concentrations in group A and B were 7.21+/-4.96 and 11.24+/-7.32microgram/ dl, and the copper concentrations in group A and B were 3.31+/-2.15 and 5.59+/-9.46microgram/dl, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the CSF zinc and copper concentrations between the two groups. 3) There was a significant positive correlation between the CSF zinc and copper concentrations as well as between the CSF zinc and protein concentrations. But there was no significant correlation between the CSF copper and protein concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: There was no statiscally significant defference in the CSF zinc and copper concentrations between neurologic disorders and febrile diseases. Increased CSF zinc and copper concentrations in increased CSF protein groups were not found. But there were some correlation between zinc, copper, protein levels in CSF. These results do not support assumption that damaged BBB permits the passage of the zinc, copper into the subarachnoid space.
Animals ; Brain ; Central Nervous System ; Cerebrospinal Fluid* ; Child* ; Copper* ; Epilepsy ; Fever ; Glutamate Decarboxylase ; Headache ; Heart ; Hippocampus ; Humans ; Nervous System ; Nervous System Diseases* ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Pathology ; Physiology ; Seizures ; Seizures, Febrile ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic ; Subarachnoid Space ; Trace Elements ; Vomiting ; Zinc*

Recently immunophenotyping has become a valuable tool in the diagnostic workup of malignant lymphoma. We classified 79 consecutive cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma experienced at our hospital during the last two years according to the Working Formulation and immunologically using MT1, UCHL1 and MB2 monoclonal antibodies. The results of this study are as follows: 1) four cases (5.1%) were low grade, 54 cases (68.4%) were intermediate grade, and 21 cases (23.3%) were high grade. The most common subtype was 'diffuse, mixed' type, 2) fifty cases (63.3%) showed T-cell phenotype and 14 cases (17.7%) showed B-cell phenotype. Immunophenotyping was impossible in 15 cases due to either double staining or negative staining. 3) the incidence of extranodal presentation was high (65.8%) and the most common extranodal site was the upper aerodigestive tract (29.1%) followed by the gastrointestinal tract (16.4%), and 4) MT1, UCHL1 and MB2 monoclonal antibodies are valuable markers of T- and B-cells in paraffin embedded tissue, enabling retrospective study. However, because these antibodies are not lineage specific, the results of immunostaining should be interpreted with caution.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Human ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immunophenotyping ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/classification/immunology/*pathology ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; T-Lymphocytes

Giant cell tumor arising in the osteocartilaginous tissue of the larynx is extremely rare. The few reported cases have all occurred in men older than 20 years and the site of origin has been exclusively localized to the thyroid and cricoid cartilages that are known to undergo enchondral ossification. The formation of giant cell tumor in larynx is thought to be related to this enchondral ossification process. We report a case of giant cell tumor arising in the thyroid cartilage of a 39 year old man. CT scan of the neck revealed a well defined mass of soft tissue density replacing the right thyroid cartilage. Grossly the tumor was well demarcated with a distinctive pushing margin except for the area bordering the submucosa of the larynx where it showed focally an infiltrative pattern of growth. Microscopically multinucleated giant cells were found dispersed regularly among the spindle cells. Although mitoses were frequently noted in the spindle cells there was no atypicality or pleomorphism. Total laryngectomy was performed without further treatment. Postoperative follow up for 6 months has proved the patient to be alive and well without recurrence.
Adult ; Cricoid Cartilage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Giant Cell Tumors* ; Giant Cells* ; Humans ; Laryngectomy ; Larynx* ; Male ; Mitosis ; Neck ; Recurrence ; Thyroid Cartilage ; Thyroid Gland ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

A case of Korean hemorrhagic fevery confirmed by fluorescent antibody technique in a 8years old boy was reported with a brief review of references.
Fluorescent Antibody Technique* ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome* ; Humans ; Male

To investigate the mechanism of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension, authors performed immunohistochemical study using antibody to von Willebrand factor(vWF), cell kinetic study using 5-bromodeoxyuridine and ultrastructural study after single subcutaneous injection of monocrotaline(MCT) to Wistar rats. The results of this study demonstrated that the expression of vWF by pulmonary endothelial cells was markedly increased from day 3 until 2 months after MCT injection. The labeling index of pulmonary microvessel endothelium began to increase after six days and was maximal on the third weeks, and thereafter it remained slightly increased above basal level. Electron microscopic study revealed attachment of inflammatory cells an platelets to endothelium from 6 hours and degranulation of attached platelets 24 hours after MCT injection. Evidences of endothelial injury began to appear from 12 hours after MCT injection. Evidences of endothelial injury began to appear from 12 hours and was maximal after 48 hours. From the third day, ultrastructural change of cell regeneration and hypertrophy began to appear and was continuosly observed until 2 months. In addition, we evaluated the changes in the number of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells using antibody to gastrin releasing peptide but it demonstrated no change until 2 months suggesting no role of neuroendocrine cells in the development of pulmonary hypertension of Wistar rats at early stage. In conclusion, the results indicate that pulmonary hypertension by MCT injection is due to increased vascular resistance caused by vasoconstriction and hyperplasia of endothelium with musculariz ation of the pulmonary arterioles induced by endothelial dysfunction and some biologic substances released form endothelium and platelets.
Rats ; Animals