PURPOSE: The aquaporins (AQPs) are transmembrane water channel proteins. It is well known that AQP2, -3 and -4 contribute to the urinary concentration in collecting duct (CD) and also reported the presence of these three AQPs in the connecting tubule (CNT). Newborn rats are not capable of producing a concentrated urine. Rats develop the ability to concentrate urine after birth. The purpose of this study was to establish the time of the expression and the distribution of AQP2, -3 and -4 in the developing rat kidney. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were used in all experiments. Kidneys were obtained from 16, 18 and 20-day-old fetuses and 1, 4, 7, 14 and 21-day-old pups and preserved and processed for immunohistochemical studies using a preembedding immunoperoxidase procedure. AQP2, -3 and -4 immunoreactivity was detected using rabbit polyclonal antibody and donkey anti-rabbit IgG. RESULTS: AQP2, -3 and -4 appeared first in 16-day-old fetuses in the CD and in 18-day-old fetuses in the CNT. Immunoreactivity for AQP2, -3 and -4 was markedly increased after birth and gradually increased during development. In CNT cells and principal cells, AQP2, -3 and -4 were not distinctly demonstrated on the apical, lateral and basal plasma membrane respectively until 21 days after birth. Distinct polarity of these AQPs both in CNTcells and principal cells were observed at 21 days after birth. CONCLUSIONS: AQP2 -3, and -4 were expressed not only in CD but also in CNT before developing of urine concentrating ability during development and it is concluded that their expression and distribution in CNT may play a role in the development of urine concentration abilities in rat kidney.
Animals ; Aquaporin 2* ; Aquaporins ; Attention ; Cell Membrane ; Equidae ; Fetus ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Infant, Newborn ; Kidney Concentrating Ability ; Kidney Tubules ; Kidney* ; Parturition ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Senile sebaceous hyperplasia refers to a benign enlargement of a normal sebaceous unit which is not uncommon in the old age group, and is characterized clinically by single or multiple small cream to yellowish round papules developed on the face, chiefly on the forehead and cheeks. A case of florid senile sebaceous hyperplasia developed in a 81-year-old man was presented. Because this disorder is one of the geriatric dermatoses and the average life span of our people is remarkably lengthened in recent years, we believe dermatologists should pay more attention to this kind of dermatosis.
Male ; Humans

Isolated infernal iliac artery aneurysms and rupture are relatively infrequent, often difficult to detect and therefore rarely considered in the differential diagnosis for abdominal pain. The consequences can be grave, The incidence of isolated iliac artery aneurysm is 1~2% of that of abdominal aortic aneurysm(AAA). The natural history is of gradual enlargement, with rupture the most common clinical presentation. The signs and symptoms of such an aneurysm are influenced by its concealed location within the bony pelvis. Awareness of these special characteristics improves the chances of early diagnosis and proper surgical treatment before possible rupture. Here is a case of ruptured aneurysm of left internal iliad artery. A 73-year-old man was presented to our emergency center with severe abdominal pain and voiding difficulty Abdominal Computed Tomography(Cf) and angiography showed ruptured aneurysm of left infernal iliad artery. Emergency operation was successfully performed for the ruptured internal iliad artery aneurysm.
Abdominal Pain ; Aged ; Aneurysm* ; Aneurysm, Ruptured ; Angiography ; Arteries ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Early Diagnosis ; Emergencies ; Humans ; Iliac Artery* ; Incidence ; Natural History ; Pelvis ; Rupture ; Rupture, Spontaneous*

No abstract available.
Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms*

Nickel sensitivity is the most common cause of allergic metal dermatitides,, particularly in women. Women are uaually sensitized. by the objects wom close to the skin ('e.g. earring, necklace fasther, watch, suspenders, brassiere clips, etc.), and men are by occupational exposures (e.g. plating or printing industries, tools, etc.). Nickel dermatitis is frequently developed on the sites where seems to have been directly contact witb nickel substance, but secondary eruptions may develop on the areas where seems to have not been directly exposed to nickel, so that nickel dermatitie is sometimea misdiagnosed as atopic dermatitis, nummular eczema, stasis dermatitis, or other dermatitides. The authora prcsent two cases of nickel dermatitis confirmed by patch test with 2. 5% nickel sulfafte; first case-a 22 years old female who has erythemat,ous maculopapular patches on her ears, around neck, left wriat, elbows, and abdomen; second case tkat was previously misdiagnosed as mummular eczema-a 18 years old female who has large oozing and crusted patches on both lateral aspects of her right thigh and back, The authors reviewed the incidence of nickel sensitivity during past years in korea and the clinical aspect of distribution of nickel dermatitis.
Abdomen ; Adolescent ; Dermatitis* ; Dermatitis, Atopic ; Ear ; Eczema ; Elbow ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Male ; Neck ; Nickel* ; Occupational Exposure ; Patch Tests ; Skin ; Thigh ; Young Adult

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: Sun exposure and therapeutic irradiation have been shown to induce alterations in extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, including elastin, glycosaminoglycan and collagens. The integrity of the connective tissue mainly depends on balanced rates of matrix synthesis and degradation of the extracellular matrix. Therefore, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) may be involved in ultraviolet irradiation (UVR)-induced alterations in ECM proteins. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of UVA as well as UVB irradiations on ST-1 gene expression in cultured human skin fibroblasts. METHODS: After exposure of different doses of UVA and UVB on cultured human skin fibroblasts, we examined the expression of ST-1 gene by Northern blot analysis, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) assay with CAT construct containing AP-1 binding site. Additionally, we carried out the gel mobility shift assay to investigate the effects of UVR on the DNA-binding activity of AP-1. RESULTS: After UVR on fibroblasts, the steady-state levels of ST-1 mRNA were in-creased in response to UVA and UVB by 2.5-fold and 4.2-fold, respectively, as compared with controls. Similar results were obtained by CAT assay showing that CAT activity increased as the UVA and UVB doses increased. Furthermore, gel mobility shift assay demonstrated that both UVA and UVB increased AP-1 DNA binding complexes. CONCLUSION: UVB as well as UVA up-regulated ST-1 gene expression at transcriptional levels in vitro. We speculate that modulation of MMPs, including ST-1, gene expression by UVR may contribute to the connective tissue damage related to photoaging and other photocutaneous disorders.
Animals ; Binding Sites ; Blotting, Northern ; Cats ; Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase ; Collagen ; Connective Tissue ; DNA ; Elastin ; Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay ; Extracellular Matrix ; Fibroblasts* ; Gene Expression ; Humans* ; In Vitro Techniques ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; RNA, Messenger ; Skin ; Solar System ; Transcription Factor AP-1

Typhlitis or neutropenic enterocolitis is a life-threatening, necrotizing process of the cecum whose incidence is increasing. Typhlitis presents as fever, abdominal pain, and diarrhea in neutropenic patients. As the incidence of typhlitis increases, emergency physicians must be aware of this rapidly progressive and potentially fatal disease. The definitive management of typhlitis is controversial. The most prudent course for the emergency physician is to initiate aggressive medical management early in the ED. We describe a 25-year-old man with severe neutropenia presented to the emergency department with fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea that began 2days earlier. Abdominal computerized tomography(CT) demonstrated diffuse concentric thickening of the cecal wall, intramural edema, inflammatory bowel changes but no free air and abscess formation. He was recovered by early diagnosis and aggressive medical therapy. We report a case of typhlitis with literature reviews.
Abdominal Pain ; Abscess ; Adult ; Cecum ; Diarrhea ; Early Diagnosis ; Edema ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Enterocolitis, Neutropenic ; Fever ; Humans ; Incidence ; Neutropenia ; Typhlitis*

We present a case of lymphangioma circumscriptum in a 17 year-old girl according to tihe clinical and histopathological findings. This case is unusual in that lesions developed on the vulva and thigh without preceding lymphedema. Our patient had a plaque of grouped vesicle-like papules resembling frog's apawn on The both labia majora of vulva and several scattered, skin tag like soft papules on the right upper thigh of theree years duration. Histopathologic findings showed variable sized, dilatated lymphatic channels lined by single layer of normal endothelial cells confined to the only upper dermis.
Adolescent ; Dermis ; Endothelial Cells ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphangioma* ; Lymphedema ; Skin ; Thigh ; Vulva*

Modified Mohs surgery is a procedure which eliminated chemical fixation step from Mohs chemosurgery. This technique is faster, less painful and more tissue conserving, allows for immediste repairs, yields higher quality histologic preparations and facilitates an interdisciplinary apporoach; it is the treatment of choice for recurrent or difficult skin cancers. A 58-year-old femele patient presented with a 2x 3cm sized dark brownish, ulcerated nodule on the left upper eyelid. Histopathologic findings revealed several small solid nest composed of basalioma cells in the dermis. We treated with modified Mohs surgery and obtained good result.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Dermis ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Mohs Surgery* ; Skin Neoplasms ; Ulcer