No abstract available.
Gastrectomy*

Melanoma is relatvely uncommon malignant tumor arising in the skin from epidermal melanocytes, from the junctional component of a cellular nevus or, rarely within a blue nevus and frequently metastasizes to regional lymph nodes first, followed by hematogenous spread to lungs, liver, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, adrenal, heart and brain. All melanoma patients are carefully evaluated according to several parameters. A complete history and physical examination are carried out, with particular attention being devoted to other pigmented tumors that the patient may have. The patient should be further evaluated to determine the presence or absence of metastases by chest X-ray examination, metastatic series or bone scan, liver function studies, liver scan, EKG, etc. Special factors such as age, sex, and race, as well as site, size, and growth rate of lesions are also evaluated. We had a case of 59 year-old male patient with disseminated malignant melanoma. Upon his first visit, we did not find any abnormality in his physical examination and routine laboratory findings except skin tumors on left heel and left leg.
Brain ; Continental Population Groups ; Electrocardiography ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Heart ; Heel ; Humans ; Leg ; Liver ; Lung ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Melanocytes ; Melanoma* ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nevus ; Nevus, Blue ; Pancreas ; Physical Examination ; Skin ; Thorax

The serum level of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in 28 atopic patients and 41 healthy, normal, non-allergic subjects were measured by standard radial immunodiffusion method (RIDT). The correlation between IgE level and clinical manifestations are studied. The results are as follows. 1) IgE value was higher in atopic dermatitis than normal subjects. 2) IgE value in atopie dermatitis revealed no sigaificant difference between in male and in female. 3) IgE value was increased parallel with the severity of the disease. 4) IgE value was not correlated with the extent of disease. 5) IgE value was not correlated with the duration of disease. 6) IgE value was not correlated with the age of onset. 7) IgE value was not correlated with the eosinophil count of peripheral blood.
Age of Onset ; Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Eosinophils ; Female ; Humans ; Immunodiffusion ; Immunoglobulin E* ; Immunoglobulins ; Male

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Nodule*

Vertebral pedicle screws have been widely used for secure posterior spinal fixation. When postoperative CT scan films were made, the blurring of pedicle screws were observed and we could not figure nut the exact diameter of screw and canal encroachment. There is no information in the difference hetween actual diameter and measured diameter of pedcile screws in CT yet. In this study, we try to find out partial voiume averaging artifact of pedicle screws made of stainless steel and titanium. Partial volume averaging artifact occurs when the shape of an object changes within the thickness of the CT slice or when a relatively small object is only partially included within the slice. Four pig cadaveric spinal column including 6 vertebrae each were prepared and CT scans were performed after insertion of C-D screws(stainless steel) to the left and TSRH screws(titanium) to the right pedicle. Another CT scans were performed after insertion of C-D screws to the right and TSRH screws to the left pedicle. The third CT scans were made after removal of all the pedicle screws. Actual C-D screw diameter was 6mm and CT scanned diameter was 8. I 6+/-0.66mm. Actual TSRH diameter was 6.5 mm and CT scanned diameter was 6.59+/-0.34mm. In conclusion, stainless steel has more partial volume averaging artifact than titanium. Safety margin of pedicle screw made of stainless steel is about 2mm and that of titanium is about 1 mm.
Artifacts ; Cadaver ; Nuts ; Spine ; Stainless Steel* ; Titanium* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

No abstract available.
Autografts*

PURPOSE: To evaluate abnormal neurosonographic (NSG) findings of thalami and basal ganglia in full term babies with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and to correlate the findings with follow-up studies and prognosis. METHODS: We evaluated 13 full term babies with abnormal NSG findings of thalarni and basal ganglia. NSG was performed within 7 days after clinical abnormalities. Follow-up NSG was done in 11 cases; CT scan in 4 and MRI in 7. We classified NSG findings as diffuse, unilateral, and focal types according to increased echogenicity and evaluated prognosis based on follow-up studies and neurological sequelae. RESULTS: Nine cases of diffuse type had diffuse echogenic changes of bilateral thalami and basal ganglia, slit-like lateral ventricles suggesting cerebral edema, and increased parenchymal echogenicity. In diffuse type, follow-up studies showed more prominent echogencities and ventricular dilatations and cerebromalacia. One case of unilateral type caused by thromboembolism had unilateral echogenicity of right thalamus and basal ganglia with increased echogenicity of the ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere and compression of the lateral ventricle, suggesting cerebral infarction. Follow-up study showed unilateral cystic cerebromalacia. Three cases of focal type had a localized echogenic area in thalamus with lacunar infarction, which decreased in size during follow-up. Among nine cases of diffuse type, one died within 2 days, two were discharged against medical advice, and six had severe neurologic sequelae. One case of unilateral type had a moderate degree of neurologic sequelae. All 3 cases of focal type had normal development. CONCLUSION: Pattems of abnormal echogenicity in thalami and basal ganglia in fullterm infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy are correlated with the outcome and may be helpful for treatment planning.
Basal Ganglia* ; Brain ; Brain Edema ; Brain Ischemia* ; Cerebral Infarction ; Cerebrum ; Dilatation ; Encephalomalacia ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; Infant* ; Lateral Ventricles ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Prognosis* ; Stroke, Lacunar ; Thalamus* ; Thromboembolism ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Ameloblastic fibrosarcoma is an extremely rare variety of odontogenic tumor. It has not previously been reported in Korea. The tumor is composed of benign odontogenic epithelium with a mesenchymal part which exhibits the histologic features of fibrosarcoma. We have reported a case of amloblastic fibrosarcoma of the mandible in a 26-year-old man with swelling of right mandible for 2 weeks. The tumor showed yellowish ill-demarcated ulcerating mass involving right premolar and molar area. Light microscopy revealed irregularly arranged strands and islands of odontogenic epithelium surrounded by abundant mesenchymal tissue with the feature of fibrosarcoma. The fibrosarcoma cells were strong positive on immunostain for vimentin and ameloblastic cells were weakly positive for cytokeratin. S-100 and CEA were negative in both epithelial and sarcoma cells. The sarcoma cells were corresponding to fibroblasts on the electron microscopy with abundancy of RER and mitochondria and covering of basal lamina. Two types of virus like particles were distributed in the cytoplasm and nuclei of sarcoma cells. We treated the patient with surgery and chemotherapy. The recovery was uneventful and the prognosis is under observation.
Male ; Humans

This study was performed to investigate the effect of endotoxin to the CCl4-induced liver injury. Twelve Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally injected 1.6 g/kg CCl4 as control group. Another 24 rats were orally administrated 300 mg/kg of neomycin at 16 and 3 hours prior to CCl4 injection as experimental group. Twelve among them were intraperitoneally infected 1.0 mg/kg of endotoxin(E-Coli, 0111:B4, No L-2630, lipopolysaccharide, Sigma, USA) and CCl4 simultaneously for offsetting neomycin effect. The rats were sacrificed at 1, 4, 10, and 24 hours after CCl4 injection. The liver tissues from all experimental groups were observed by light and electron microscopy. The results obtained were summarized as follows: In the CCl4 only group, the hepatocytes revealed sweling of ER and mitochondria with many lipid droplet in the cytoplasm. Focal cellular necrosis was seen at the later phase. The Kupffer cells were activated and showed many cytoplasmic processes, secondary lysosomes, and vaculoles. The endothelial cells were edematous. Several neutrophils, platelets, and microthrombi were scattered in the sinusoid. In the neomycin-CCl4-endotoxin administrated group, both hepatocytic destruction and intrasinusoidal microthrombi formation were more pronounced. In the neomycin pretreated group, the hepatocytes revealed mild cellular destruction without necrosis. There is no intrasinusoidal microthrombi. According to these results, it would be concluded that the small dosage of gastrointestinal tract-derived endotoxin affects to the liver injury caused by CCl4. The synergistic effects of CCl4 and gastrointestinal tract-derived endotoxin which can not be detoxified by damaged Kupffer cells, may be more important in the pathogenesis of CCl4-induced liver injury.
Rats ; Animals

BACKGROUND: Despite progress in surgical techniques and adjuvant treatments, the prognosis for advanced gastric cancer has not improved. Knowledge of the kinds of tumor markers that might indicate the postoperative prognosis for gastric cancer is important in detecting microscopic residual cancers but still needs to be developed. METHODS: The serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (sCEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (sCA19-9), as well as the CEA, the CA19-9, and the tissue-type plasminogen activator levels in peritoneal washings (pCEA, pCA19-9, pTPA) were measured in 57 patients with gastric cancer who had undergone laparotomies from Oct. 1996 to Mar. 1997. The relationships between the positivity of tumor markers and several clinicopathological factors were evaluated by using a univariate analysis. Also, the significance of tumor markers in predicting the survival and the recurrence of disease was analyzed. RESULTS: The positivity of pCEA and pCA19-9 increased according to the stage (p<0.01) and the presence of serosal invasion (P<0.01). When pCEA or pCA19-9 is positive, the rate of curative surgery in those patients was lower than it was in the patients with negative tumor markers (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively). The positivities of pCEA, sCA19-9, pCA19-9 were higher in recurring cases than in nonrecurring cases after curative surgery (p<0.01, p<0.01, and p<0.05, respectively). The positivities of the tumor markers pCEA and pCA19-9 in the 4 cases with peritoneal seeding at the laparotomy were significantly different from those in the 53 cases with no peritoneal seeding (p<0.01) and (p<0.01), respectively pCEA. The risk of peritoneal recurrence after curative surgery was higher in pCEA positive cases than in negative cases (p=0.016) and in serosal positive and pCEA positive cases than in the other cases (p=0.016). CONCLUSION: pCEA and pCA19-9 are useful prognostic factors and an adjuvant treatment to prevent peritoneal recurrence should be considered, especially, in patients presenting positive pCEA with positive serosal invasion.
Biomarkers, Tumor* ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; Humans ; Laparotomy ; Neoplasm, Residual ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator