No abstract available.
Thromboangiitis Obliterans

No abstract available.
Blood Pressure* ; Metoclopramide* ; Rabbits*

No abstract available.
Fractures, Compression* ; Vertebroplasty*

No abstract available.
Hemangioma, Cavernous*

In this study, we aimed to synthesize PAMAMG3 derivatives (PAMAMG3-KRRR and PAMAMG3-HKRRR), using KRRR peptides as a nuclear localization signal and introduced histidine residues into the KRRR-grafted PAMAMG3 for delivering a therapeutic, carcinoma cell-selective apoptosis gene, apoptin into human primary glioma (GBL-14) cells and human dermal fibroblasts. We examined their cytotoxicity and gene expression using luciferase activity and enhanced green fluorescent protein PAMAMG3 derivatives in both cell lines. We treated cells with PAMAMG3 derivative/apoptin complexes and investigated their intracellular distribution using confocal microscopy. The PAMAMG3-KRRR and PAMAMG3-HKRRR dendrimers were found to escape from endolysosomes into the cytosol. The JC-1 assay, glutathione levels, and Annexin V staining results showed that apoptin triggered cell death in GBL-14 cells. Overall, these findings indicated that the PAMAMG3-HKRRR/apoptin complex is a potential candidate for an effective nonviral gene delivery system for brain tumor therapy in vitro.

In this study, we aimed to synthesize PAMAMG3 derivatives (PAMAMG3-KRRR and PAMAMG3-HKRRR), using KRRR peptides as a nuclear localization signal and introduced histidine residues into the KRRR-grafted PAMAMG3 for delivering a therapeutic, carcinoma cell-selective apoptosis gene, apoptin into human primary glioma (GBL-14) cells and human dermal fibroblasts. We examined their cytotoxicity and gene expression using luciferase activity and enhanced green fluorescent protein PAMAMG3 derivatives in both cell lines. We treated cells with PAMAMG3 derivative/apoptin complexes and investigated their intracellular distribution using confocal microscopy. The PAMAMG3-KRRR and PAMAMG3-HKRRR dendrimers were found to escape from endolysosomes into the cytosol. The JC-1 assay, glutathione levels, and Annexin V staining results showed that apoptin triggered cell death in GBL-14 cells. Overall, these findings indicated that the PAMAMG3-HKRRR/apoptin complex is a potential candidate for an effective nonviral gene delivery system for brain tumor therapy in vitro.

BACKGROUND: The intracoronary stent implantation is accepted as the treatment modality to reduce restenosis in comparison with balloon angioplasty in patients with coronary artery disease. In recent studies, the technique of high pressure balloon dilation for stent optimization has been shown to improve procedural success and to reduce the subacute closure after stenting. The late clinical outcome, however, is still uncertain after stenting with high pressure balloon dilation. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of high pressure balloon dilation on subsequent clinical courses after intracoronary stenting. METHOD: One hundred sixty nine patients with 176 lesions were treated with Palmaz-Schatz stent implantation. Intracoronary stenting without high pressure balloon dilation was perforned in 55 patients with 55 lesions(phase 1), whereas intracoronary stenting with high pressure balloon dilation was done in 114 patients with 121 lesions(phase 2). We compared the angiographic and clinical results immediately and at late follow-up period after atenting between phase 1 and phase 2. RESULTS: Coronary angiography was repeated at 6 months in 135 patients, 138 lesions(78%). The overall incidence of restenosis was 25%(31% in phase 1 and 22% in phase 2). The restenosis occurred in 18% of elective stenting on de novo lesions(23% in phase 1 and 15% in phase 2). The restenosis rate was significantly reduced after using high pressure balloon dilation in infarct-related artery, final luminal diameter>/=4.0 mm after stenting and bail-out procedure(p<0.05). In phase 2, the restenosis rate was significantly higher in the lesions that had been previously dilated(43% in restenotic lesion vs 15% in de novo lesion, p<0.05) and in type C lesion compared with the others(type A, type B1, type B2 and type C ; 22%, 22%, 15% and 57%, respectively, p<0.05). According to the final luminal diameter, the restenosis rate was 7% in case of final luminal diameter greater than 4.0 mm which was significantly lower than that of final luminal diameter less than 3.5mm(p<0.05). At univariate anaysis, factors affecting restnosis were post-stent minimal luminal diameter, balloon-to-vessel ratio, acute gain and restenotic lesion. However multivariate analysis showed post-stent minimal luminal diameter was the only factor affecting restenosis. CONCLUSION: As intracoronary stenting using high pressure balloon dilation technique without anticoagulation has a good immediate results, negligible stent thrombosis and has a tendency of lower rate of restenosis.
Angioplasty, Balloon ; Arteries ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Dilatation* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Multivariate Analysis ; Phenobarbital ; Stents* ; Thrombosis

BACKGROUND: To overcome the limitation of angiography, intravascular ultrasound(IVUS) is widely used to guide coronary stent implantation. We compared the quantitative measurements of IVUS and quantitaitve coronary angiographic(QVA) analysis after stent implantation. METHODS: Thirty nine patients with 39 coronary lesions underwent coronary stent implantation. The implanted stents were CrossFlex stent in 17, NIR stent in 13, Palmaz-Schatz stent in 6, Multilink stent in 2 patients, and Divysio stent in 1 patient. Post-stent IVUS procedure with automatic pullback device was performed successfully in all patients after angiographic optimization. IVUS and QCA measurements included the minimum lumen diameter at proximal and distal reference artery, and stented site after intracoronary administration of 0.2mg nitroglycerin. RESULTS: IVUS and QCA measurement of minimal luminal diameter(MLD) at proximal and distal reference artery, and stented site correlated reliably each other(r=0.62, p<0.01 ; r=0.77, p<0.01 ; r=0.73, p<0.01 respectively). Event if insignificant statistical difference, there was a tendency of larger MLD at proximal and distal reference artery by IVUS measurement than by QCA measurement(3.2+/-0.5mm vs. 3.1+/-0.4mm, p=0.2 : 3.1+/-0.6mm vs. 3.0+/-0.7mm, p=0.2, respectively). The MLD at stented site was significantly larger by QCA measurement than by IVUS measurement(3.2+/-0.6mm vs. 2.9+/-0.5mm, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We concluded 1) the correlation between IVUS and QCA measurements of reference vessel and stented site was reliable. 2) There was a tendency of larger luminal diameter at reference vessel by IVUS than by QCA. 3) The minimal luminal diameter was measured significantly larger at stented site by QCA than by IVUS.
Angiography ; Arteries ; Coronary Vessels* ; Humans ; Nitroglycerin ; Phenobarbital ; Stents* ; Ultrasonography*

BACKGROUND: The intracoronary stent implantation is regarded as an effective treatment modality to reduce restenosis. However, subacute stent thrombosis and subsequent anticoagulation therapy have been major problems after stenting. The high-pressure inflation stenting reduced the incidence of stent thrombosis and resulted in less need of anticoagulation therapy. We intended to analyze the high-pressure inflation stenting with intravascular ultrasound(IVUS) and to evaluate different IVUS criteria of optimal stenting. METHOD: One hundred and forty eight patients with 160 lesions were treated with 175 stents of various types. IVUS images were obtained after angiographic optimization (<10% of residual stenosis) with high-pressure inflation stenting. The quantitative and qualitative off-line measurements of IVUS parameters were performed. RESULTS: More high-pressure or larger-sized balloon inflation was needed in 32 lesions (20%) after IVUS. The incomplete stent apposition was observed in 5 lesions (3%). The edge dissection occurred distally or proximally to stented site in 19 lesions (12%). The plaque prolapse was observed within the stent in 24 lesions (15%). In single stent implantation for discrete lesions, optimal stent expansion defined by IVUS was achieved in 69% with minimal stent lumen area of 90% of distal reference lumen area and in 75% with minimal stent lumen area of 80% of average reference lumen area. The IVUS criteria of minimal stent lumen area 9mm2 and 7-9mm2 was met in 29% and 29%, respectively. In stents implantation for diffuse lesions including long stent,multiple overlapping stents and hybrid stents implantation, optimal stent expansion defined by IVUS was achieved in 69% with minimal stent lumen area of 90% of distal reference lumen area and in 67% with minimal stent lumen area of 80% of average reference lumen area. The IVUS criteria of minimal stent lumen area 9mm2 and 7-9mm2 was met in 17% and 23%, respectively. CONCLUSION: IVUS provided a valuable informations leading to additional intervention in 20% of the lesions after angiographic optimization with high-pressure balloon inflation. Even though additional interventions were performed with IVUS-guidance, the optimal stent expansion by IVUS criteria was achieved in about 70%. Therefore, we suggest that IVUS might be used more generally to improve the acute results after coronary stenting.
Humans ; Incidence ; Inflation, Economic* ; Prolapse ; Stents* ; Thrombosis ; Ultrasonography*

Although coagulase-negative staphyloccus is the most common organism causing peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, only one case of PD peritonitis due to Staphylococcus auricularis, the normal flora of external auditory meatus, has been reported over the world. Here we add a case of PD peritonitis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus auricularis, which was successfully treated with vancomycin. A 79-year-old male PD patient was admitted because of abdominal pain and cloudy peritoneal fluid. At admission, the exit site was clear, and no rebound tenderness was noted although the abdominal wall was diffusely tender. Gram stain of the peritoneal fluid did not reveal any organism, but white blood cell count was 1,210/mm3, with 80% polymorphonuclear cells and 10% lymphocytes. Empirical antibiotic therapy was started with intraperitoneal cefazolin and ceftazidime. Over the next few days, however, the peritoneal fluid was still turbid and showed an elevated cell count. Then, the result of peritoneal fluid culture identified that the organism was oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus auricularis. Thus the antibiotics were switched into vancomycin, and intraperitoneal vancomycin 1 gm was administered three times at 5 days' intervals to achieve completely clear peritoneal fluid. Staphylococcus auricularis should be considered as a new potential skin organism causing PD peritonitis.
Abdominal Pain ; Abdominal Wall ; Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Ascitic Fluid ; Cefazolin ; Ceftazidime ; Cell Count ; Humans ; Leukocyte Count ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Methicillin Resistance ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; Peritonitis ; Skin ; Staphylococcus ; Vancomycin