No abstract available.
Hemorrhoids*

No abstract available.
Hemorrhoids*

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to analyze the questions in the shoulder and elbow section of the Korean Orthopaedic In-Training Examination (KOITE) and compare them with those of the US Orthopaedic In-Training Examination (US OITE). METHODS: Twenty-nine questions in the shoulder and elbow section of the KOITE from 2010 to 2014 were analyzed and compared with those of the US OITE (80 questions) by literature review. A thorough analysis of the contents was performed after categorizing as topics, diagnostic tools, treatment modalities, taxonomic classification, and references. RESULTS: The shoulder and elbow section of the KOITE was 5.8% weight which was similar to the US OITE (5.9%). The most commonly appearing topic was anterior labral injury (17.2%) on the KOITE compared to instability and arthritis (21.3%, each) on the US OITE. Magnetic resonance imaging was most frequently appeared imaging modality on the KOITE (41.0%) compared to the radiograph on the US OITE (43.0%). The Latarjet procedure was the most commonly asked treatment modality (22.2%) on the KOITE, whereas arthroplasty (33.3%) on the US OITE. The KOITE showed an even taxonomic classification distribution compared to the US OITE. Campbell's operative orthopaedics covered 96.6% questions as a reference on the KOITE compared to the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, American Volume on the US OITE, which covered 45.0%. CONCLUSIONS: This specific analysis shows us current trends of the shoulder and elbow section of the KOITE and it might be developed for use in the educational curricula for the trainee.
Arthritis ; Arthroplasty ; Classification ; Curriculum ; Elbow* ; Joints ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Orthopedics* ; Shoulder*

Dupuytren's contracture is characterized by a proliferative fibroplasia and contracture of the palmar fascia with resultant deformity of hand and finger. It is most common in those of Scandinavian and Celtic origin but it is very rare in the orientals. We experienced 30 hands of 21 patients from January 1985 to December 1995 in Soonchunhyang University Hospital. Among 21 patients, operative treatment was done in 28 hands of 19 patients. Partial fasciectomy was done in 24 hands and complete fasciectomy was done in 4 hands. The longitudinal straight skin incision was done in 14 cases and the transverse or Zig-Zag incision was done in 12 cases. Average follow-up period was 24 months. The results of the operative treatment were classified by Honner's classification. Excellent result was obtained in 16 cases (57%), good in 8 (29%), fair in 3 (11%), poor in 1 (3%). The complications were 5 cases as follows; recurrence 2, skin defect 1, hypoesthesia 2. In conclusion, partial fasciectomy utilizing longitudinal straight incisions overlying diseased area is suggested as one of the good method for the treatment of Dupuytren s contracture.
Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Contracture ; Dupuytren Contracture* ; Fascia ; Fingers ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hand ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Recurrence ; Skin

No Abstract Available.
Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Rupture* ; Tendons*

Hematuria is a important clinical sign that is a consequence of significant fenal. urologic or sytemic disease. Recently the morphology of the red cell in hematuria has been used to indicate a renal or non-renal source and also the measurement of red cell volume by red cell analyzer has been used to distinguish glomerular from non-glomerular hematuria. In this study. the MCV(mean corpsular red cell voume). RDW(red cell distribution width) and HDW (hemoglobin distribution width) were measured using H-1 system in57 children with hematuria to assess the diagnostic usefulness of the urinary red cell analyzer in the differentation of glomerular and non-glomerular hematuria. The patients were divided into two groups as glomerular diseases(40cases)and non-glomerular diseases(17 cases)and the location of the bleeding was confirmed by renal biopsy, radiology and the clinical findings. The results were as follows. 1) The urinary red cell MCV waslower in patients with glomerular diseases than that in patients with non-glomerular diseases (79.89 +/- 12.0fl vs. 90.93 +/- 9.71fl vs. 90.93+/-9.71 fL; p<0.01) 2) The urinary RDW and HDW were significantly higher in glomerular diseases than those in non-glomerular diseases (RDW; 19.86 +/- 11.28% vs 11.34+/-5.88%, HDW; 3.37+/-2.07 gm vs. 1.86+/-1.43gm). 3) The urinary red cell MCV was correlated well with the RDW and HDW while there was no correlation between the urinary red cell MCV and the urinary SG or pH. 4) The sensitivity, specificity and positive predictability of the urinsary MCV were 37.8%, 94.1% and 93.7% and those of RDW were 62.5%, 82.3% and 89.2% 5) The sensitivity, specificity and positive predictability of the urinary HDW were 42.5%, 88.2% and 89.4% We concluded from above date that the measurment of the urinary MCV, RDW and HDW would be useful as a primary non-invasive screening test in differentation of glomerular and non-glomerular hematuria in children.
Biopsy ; Cell Size* ; Child* ; Diagnosis* ; Hematuria* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Mass Screening ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Surgical resection is the best treatment for operable metastatic liver cancer. Large metastatic cancer usually has low operability, so a debulking modality of mass is needed to increase operability. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy were commonly used as neoadjuvant treatments. Cyberknife stereotactic radiosurgery systems were only considered as one of the palliative treatment modalities for inoperable or surgically complex tumors. But, in this case, we applied Cyberknife as the preoperative debulking modality for large hepatic metastasis of adrenocortical carcinoma. After Cyberknife treatment 3 cyclex2,700 cGY, tumor size decreased (metastatic liver mass decreased to 15x9 cm from 19x12.5 cm, adrenal mass decreased to 5x3 cm from 7.4x4.5 cm). We could then resect the tumor completely by extended right hemihepatectomy & right adrenalectomy. A preoperative multidisciplinary approach, including chemotherapy and radiation therapy can be considered to increase operability. So, cyberknife can be considered an additional modality as a neoadjuvant radiotherapy.
Adrenalectomy ; Adrenocortical Carcinoma ; Liver ; Liver Neoplasms ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Palliative Care ; Radiosurgery

The earliest reports of the use of electrical energy to directly stimulate bone healing seem to be in 1853 from England, the techniques involved the introduction of direct current into the non-united fracture site percutaneously via metallic needles, with subsequent healing of the defect. One endpoint of the periodontal therapy is to generate structure lost by periodontal diseases. Several procedural advances may support regeneration of attachment, however, regeneration of alveolar bone does not occur consistently. Therefore, factors which stimulate bone repair are areas for research in periodontal reconstructive therapy. Effects of cytokines or growth factors on bone repair are examples of such areas. Another one is electrical current which occurs in bone naturally, so that such bone may be particularly susceptible to electrical therapy. The purposes of this study were to observe the effects of electrical stimulation on the normal periodontium, to determine whether the electricity is the useful means for periodontal regeneration or not. Forty rats weighted about 100 gram were used and divided into 4 groups, the first group, there was no electrical stimulation with the connection of electrodes only. In the second group, there was stimulated by the 10 mA during 10 minutes per a day, in the third group was stimulated by the 25 mA , and the fourth by the 50 mA. At 3, 5, 10 and 15 days post-appliance , two rats in each group were serially sacrificed. and the maxillae and the mandible processed to paraffin, and the specimens were prepared with Hematoxylin-Eosin stain for the light microscopic evaluation. The results of this study were as follows : 1. There was the distinct reversal line on the lingual alveolar crest, whereas a little changes in the labial alveolar crest to the duration and amount of currents. 2. In 50 mA group, the cells were highly concentrated at the apex of anterior teeth, and was observed the necrotic tissue. In posterior root apex, the hypercementosis was appeared, and newly formed cementum layer has been increased continuously with the time. 3. The periodontal ligament fiber and Sharpey's fiber were arranged in order, and the bone trabeculae were increased as the experiment proceeded by, relatively the bone marrows were decreased. 4. In the pulp tissue, the blood vessels were increased with blood congestion in the experimetal specimens remarkably, and the dentinal tubules were obstructed . 5. The osteoblasts in alveolar bone proper had been showed highly activity, and also observed the formation of bone trabeculea. In the conclusion, it was suggested that the electrical stimulation has influence on the periodontium and the pulp tissue. However, there might be the injurious effects.
Animals ; Blood Vessels ; Bone Marrow ; Cytokines ; Dental Cementum ; Dentin ; Electric Stimulation* ; Electricity ; Electrodes ; England ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Hypercementosis ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Needles ; Osteoblasts ; Osteogenesis ; Paraffin ; Periodontal Diseases ; Periodontal Ligament ; Periodontium* ; Rats ; Regeneration ; Tooth

BACKGROUND: Dermatologic emergency patients who visit the emergency room increase in number every year. But there is no report about the statistical analysis of such visits. OBJECTIVES & METHODS: We reviewed 326 new dermatologic emergency patients who uisited the emergency room of Dongsan Medical Center in Taegu from 1986 to 1995 to study the age, sex, monthly and yearly distributior, arrival time, length of visit, prevalence of common dermatoses, admission rate and death rate. RESULTS: The results are summarized as follows: 1. Of 326 patients, there were 151 males and 175 females. The sex ratio of male to female was 1: 1.15. The number of patients increased with each year. 2. In age distribution, there were 23(7%) under 10;46(14%) between 11-20,55(17%) between 21-30;49(15% ) between 31-40;33(10%) between 41 50; 62(19% ) between 51-60 years,39(12% ) between 61-70 and 19(6%) between 71-80 years. 3. In monthly and arrival time distribution, the peak month incidence occurred in August(24 %), and the lowest incidence in December(1%). The peak incidence of arrival time occurred PM 6-12 hours and the lowest incidence AM 0-6 hour. 4. In the distribution about length nf visit, 73% of patients stayed more than 10 hours, 23% 5-10 hours and 4% less than 5 hours. 5. Of the most common derrnatoses, acute urticaria was seen in 124 cases(38%), and herpes zoster. in 94 cases (29%). In age distribution, acute urticaria was most preualent between the age of 0-30 and herpes zoster between 50-70. 6. The admission rate was 43%(140 cases). The death rate was 1.2%(3 cases). CONCLUSION: Our study of e nergency patients revealed that dermatologic emergency patients who visited the emergency room had increased in number every year and the distribution of patients is quite different from that of outpatients.
Age Distribution ; Daegu ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Female ; Herpes Zoster ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Mortality ; Outpatients ; Prevalence ; Sex Ratio ; Skin Diseases ; Urticaria

BACKGROUND: Type VII collagen is a relatively low abundance extracellular matrix protein among the collagenous molecules. Among the minor collagens. type VII collagen has been demon strated by a immunolocalization studies to be component of anchoring fibrils and structures extending perpendicularly from the lamina densa to the upperpapillary dermis. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of his study is to determine the expression of the type VII collagengene in a group of scleroderma patients as compared to normal skin. METHODS: We have examined the levels of type VII collagen mRNA using quantitative reverse transcription PCR and in sit gybridization in scleroderma skin fibroblasts. Immunofluorescent staining with anti-type VII collan antibody was performed in vitro and in vivo to evaluate the expression of type VII collagen at protein level. RESULTS: 1. the ratio of type VII collagen/GAPDH RT-PCR product were 63.3+/-15.3 in scleroderma and 21.7+7.6 in normal fibroblasts by RT-PCR. 2. The expression of type VII collagen mRNA was considerably lower than type I in scleroderma. A few positive signals by in situ hybridization with type VII collagen cDNA were shown in the dermis. 3. The staining was markedly enhanced in scleroderma fibroblasts and tissues compaired with normal subjects in imunofluorescent staining with anti-Type VII collagn antibody. CONCLUSION: RT-PCR and immunofluorescent staining with antibodies to type VII collagen shows enhanced gene expression in scleroderma skin fibroblasts These data suggest that type VII collagen may be the main soruce of the sclerotic change of skin in scleroderma.
Antibodies ; Collagen ; Collagen Type VII* ; Dermis ; DNA, Complementary ; Extracellular Matrix ; Fibroblasts* ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Reverse Transcription ; RNA, Messenger* ; Skin