The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the balloon bronchoplasty in the treatment of the tuberculous bronchostenosis. Balloon bronchoplasty was performed in thirteen patients with stenosis of the left main bronchus (two with combined left upper and lower lobar bronchostenosis) using a inflatable balloon catheter under a fluoroscopic guide. We analysed the changes in the changes in the severity of dyspnea and wheezing, serial FEV1/FVC as a parameter of the airflow obstruction, and bronchial diameter and lung volume on chest radiographs. The extent of pulmonary tuberculosis was correlated with the improvement of FEV1/FVC. There was an improvement of dyspnea in 69%(9/13), decrease of wheezing in 69%(9/13), significant increase of FEV1/FVC in 18% (2/11). The increase of the bronchial diameter and lung volume were seen in 84%(11/13) and 53% (7/13), respectively. The significant increase of FEVI/FVC was seen in 28% (2/7) of the patients with lung involvement of tuberculosis less than one third of left upper lobe, whereas there was no increase in those of more than one third. There was no complication except transient leukocytosis, fever and blood-tinged sputum. In conclusion, balloon bronchoplasty is effective in the treatment of medically intractable tuberculous bronchostenosis, and can be considered as an initial method of treatment.
Bronchi ; Catheters ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dyspnea ; Fever ; Humans ; Leukocytosis ; Lung ; Methods ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Respiratory Sounds ; Sputum ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the balloon bronchoplasty in the treatment of the tuberculous bronchostenosis. Balloon bronchoplasty was performed in thirteen patients with stenosis of the left main bronchus (two with combined left upper and lower lobar bronchostenosis) using a inflatable balloon catheter under a fluoroscopic guide. We analysed the changes in the changes in the severity of dyspnea and wheezing, serial FEV1/FVC as a parameter of the airflow obstruction, and bronchial diameter and lung volume on chest radiographs. The extent of pulmonary tuberculosis was correlated with the improvement of FEV1/FVC. There was an improvement of dyspnea in 69%(9/13), decrease of wheezing in 69%(9/13), significant increase of FEV1/FVC in 18% (2/11). The increase of the bronchial diameter and lung volume were seen in 84%(11/13) and 53% (7/13), respectively. The significant increase of FEVI/FVC was seen in 28% (2/7) of the patients with lung involvement of tuberculosis less than one third of left upper lobe, whereas there was no increase in those of more than one third. There was no complication except transient leukocytosis, fever and blood-tinged sputum. In conclusion, balloon bronchoplasty is effective in the treatment of medically intractable tuberculous bronchostenosis, and can be considered as an initial method of treatment.
Bronchi ; Catheters ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dyspnea ; Fever ; Humans ; Leukocytosis ; Lung ; Methods ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Respiratory Sounds ; Sputum ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Double primary cancer means that more than two cancers with different origin exist independently in an individual. The diagnosis of double primary cancer was determined by following criteria. Each of the tumors must present a definite picture of malignancy, and each must be distinct, and the probability of one being a metastasis of the other must be excluded. Small cell carcinoma has a distinct biological behavior such as, early invasion and metastasis, a rapid clinical course, and significant sensitivity to chemotherapy. Small cell carcinoma in the esophagus is relatively rare, and rarer when it is combined with other malignant disease. We have experienced a case of double primary cancer, a 70-year-old man with esophageal small cell carcinoma and gastric adenocarcinoma, which were diagnosed by gastrointestinal endoscopic biopsy. A review of the Korean medical literature failed to reveal any previously described case of esophageal small cell carcinoma with gastric adenocareinoma. We report this case with review of literatures.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Aged ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Small Cell* ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Esophagus ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis

Pityriasis lichenoides Chronica is a cutaneous disorder of unknown etiology and characterized pathologically by vasculitis and clinically by its marked chronicity and lack of specific treatment. Emollient-phototherapy is a recently introduced effective treatment for psoriasis. The authors treated 3 patients with pityriasis lichenoides chronica by the emollient-phototherapy technic with quite satisfactory results.

PURPOSE: To describe MR findings of recurred giant cell tumor of bone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR imagings of ten cases of pathologically proven recurrence of giant cell tumor were retrospectively analyzed. Location of recurrence, multiplicity of recurred tumor, signal intensity and homogeneity, pattern of gadolinium enhancement, soft tissue and articular surface involvement were evaluated. RESULTS: Tumors were located in peripheral portion of previous operation site(80%). Six cases recurred as multiple lesions. Tumor showed low signal intensity on T1 weighted images(100%), high signal intensity on T2 weighted images(100%) and inhomogeneous peripheral rim enhancing pattern(75%). Soft tissue and articular surface involvement were also demonstrated. CONCLUSION: We concluded that characteristic MR findings of recurred giant cell tumor could be helpful in early detection and precise evaluation of tumor recurrence.
Gadolinium ; Giant Cell Tumor of Bone ; Giant Cell Tumors* ; Giant Cells* ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

Intestinal tuberculosis has been known since antiquity. After about 1950's, effective antituberculous chemotherapy and an improved standard of living resulted in a steady decline in all forms of tuberculosis. However, intestinal tuberculosis has been reported with impressive frequency in developing countries including Korea. Disease affecting the duodenum is reported to be rare and isolated duodenal tuberculosis sparing the rest of the intestine is uncommon. We experienced a case of tuberculosis of duodenal bulb associated pulmonary tuberculosis. The diagnosis was made on the basis of the histological study of the endoscopic biopsy specimen. We have confirmed the healing of the duodenal lesion by the follow-up endoscopy after 9 months treatment of antituberculous medication.
Biopsy ; Developing Countries ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Duodenum* ; Endoscopy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Intestines ; Korea ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Tuberculosis* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

A 56-year-old man presented with anterior chamber inflammation, increased intraocular pressure, peripheral retinal infiltration, and generalized retinal arterial obstruction suggesting acute retinal necrosis five months after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection (IVTA). He was treated with intravenous antiviral agents and aspirin. Shortly after treatment, retinal infiltrations were resolved, and partial recanalization of the obstructed vessel was observed. Viral retinitis may occur as an opportunistic infection following IVTA due to the local immune modulatory effect of the steroid; hence, close observation following IVTA is necessary.
Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use ; Aspirin/therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Humans ; Intravitreal Injections ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Opportunistic Infections/*chemically induced/virology ; Retinal Necrosis Syndrome, Acute/*chemically induced/virology ; Triamcinolone Acetonide/administration & dosage/*adverse effects

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. OBJECTIVE: To compare patients who underwent spinal revision surgery of adjacent segment degeneration with above one and above two vertebral segment preceded by initial spinal fusion surgery. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: The adjacent segment disease(ASD) occurs more frequently at the more proximal segment of the spinal fusion. Also, the preexisting degenerative segments (with discs or facet joints) not included in the fusion procedure, fusion segmental sagittal angle, fixed appliances method, gender, and age, have been accepted as the causes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patients were watched over a year after the spinal revision operation followed by initial spinal fusion of single or multiple segments; the subjects were limited to 41 patients. The average age, entity of diseases, average duration between the initial spinal fusion and the revision surgery, multiple clinical and radiographic parameters were evaluated and compared. RESULTS: Using the UCLA grade of intervertebral disc degeneration, the average grade of 1 level upper segment was 2.2 in group A and 1.9 in group B without statistical significance(p=0.426). However, the average grade of 2-level upper segment was 1.8 in group A and 2.4 in group B with significant difference(p=0.021). There was no statistical difference in other factors between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with ASD of above two-vertebral segment after spinal fusion were more severe in disc degeneration than those with ASD of above one vertebral segment before initial spinal fusions.
Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion*

No abstract available.
Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)* ; Hypersplenism*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the CT findings of hepatoblastoma before and afterchemotherapy, and to compare them with surgical and pathologic features. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelvehepatoblastoma patients underwent chemotherapy prior to surgery; in all cases, CT scanning was performed beforeand after chemotherapy. We reviewed the findings with special attention to changes in tumor volume, the extent andpattern of contrast enhancement, the extent of low-attenuation area in the tumor, the presence of a septum, andcalcification or ossification within the mass before and after chemotherapy. Post-chemotherapy CT findings werecompared with operative and pathologic findings. RESULTS: After chemotherapy, the volume of the tumor massdecreased in all patients, and the extent of involved segments decreased in nine(75%), the non-enhancing areawithin the mass, on the other hand, increased in nine (75%). On pre-chemotherapy CT, calcifications were detectedin seven patients(58%), and on post-chemotherapy CT, in nine (75%); the extent of calcification increased in sevenpatients. On the basis of CT findings, viable tumor and necrosis areas could not be distinguished. Massivecalcification or an osteoid mixed with loose connective tissue was noted in the mesenchymal component of thetumor; the whirling pattern of enhancement within the area of low density asen on CT scanning corresponded toosteoid mixed with loose connective tissue, which contained rich blood vessels. CONCLUSION: We describe the CTfindings of hepatoblastoma both before and after chemotherapy, highlighting the changes which occurred. Anunderstanding of these changes is helpful for the proper management of this condition.
Blood Vessels ; Connective Tissue ; Drug Therapy* ; Hand ; Hepatoblastoma* ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tumor Burden