An epidemiological study is to observe and analyse 100 cases of lung cancer in Korean, which had been diagnosed actually at the general hospitals in Korea from 1970 through 1974, to discover the tendency of the lung cancer by sex, age, occupation, duration of clinical symptoms before diagnosis, site of cancer in lung, size of cancer, occurrence, treatment, prognosis, smoking and pathological findings as follows. 1. Males were affected 5.7 times more than females, the peak incidence of lung cancer were 50 years old age group. 2. The occupations of the cases were commerce, agriculture, industry, laborers and teachers, etc. in thht order. 3. The average duration symptoms from onset to diagnosis were 5.5 months. 4. The cancers were affected more right side than left side of the lungs, Particularly the most of them were affected in the upper lobes of the lungs. 5. The average diameter of the tumors was 5.5crX6.5cm, However the largest of them was 10cm X 13cm. 6. The most cases of the lung cancers were occurred primarily. 7. Out of the 100 cases, 58 cases had no treatment, 23 cases had palliative-symptomatic treatment, of cases by special chemo-therapy, 7 cases by surgery, and 5 cases by cobalt 60 or X-gay. 8. In the view point of prognosis, the most cases of the lung cancers died within one year atfer diagnosis. 9. The smoking was one of the causative factor of lung cancer, but there was no significant diferentiation by means of the amount of smoking. 10. The most cases of the lung cancers diangosed histo-pathologically, were epidermoid(squamous) type.
Agriculture ; Cobalt ; Commerce ; Diagnosis ; Epidemiologic Studies* ; Female ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupations ; Prognosis ; Smoke ; Smoking

No abstract available.
Hepatitis* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Animal ; Child ; Clinical Trials ; Dapsone/therapeutic use* ; Haplorhini ; Human ; Leprosy/drug therapy* ; Mycobacterium leprae/growth & development ; Sciuridae/microbiology ; Time Factors

No abstract available.
Korea* ; Leprosy*

The detection of the tubercle bacilli is absolutely necessary to make definite diagnosis of patients with genitourinary tuberculosis. Recently it has been reported that the detection rate of tubercle bacilli from the patient's urine is decreasing because of abuse of the anti-tuberculous drugs and the resistance developed in the experimental animals such as mouse and guinea pig (Marks, 1972). Therefore the necessity of the development of better diagnostic methods has been mandatory. Recently it was reported that the Korean chipmunks(Tamias sibiricus asiaticus. Gmelin) are highly susceptible to tubercle bacilli (Chang et al., 1971). The specific objection of this study is to pursue the possibility of using the chipmunks for the early diagnosis of genitourinary tuberculosis. Twenty-four hour urines of 34 patients with suspected genitourinary tuberculosis were tested for tubercle bacilli with smear, culture, and inoculation ink chipmunks and mice intraperitoneally. The results are briefly summarized as follows: 1. 18 cases out of 34 patients with suspected genitourinary tuberculosis were confirmed to be positive by any means of stained smear, culture and animal inoculation. Of 18 proved genitourinary tuberculosis. 12 cases were confirmed by smear, culture and mouse inoculation, and on the other hand. 14 cases by chipmunks inoculation. 2. In the group of chipmunks inoculation, 8 cases were found to be positive on the 10th day and 14 cages on the 20th day. 3. These findings suggest that the period required for the detection of tubercle bacilli was shorter and the positive rate was higher than that of other animals and other methods. For the clinical applications of the Korean chipmunks as a diagnostic tools, further effort is considered to be necessary.
Animals ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Guinea Pigs ; Hand ; Humans ; Ink ; Mice ; Sciuridae* ; Tuberculosis*

No abstract available.
Cleft Lip* ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Nose*

We report a mild variant of hypomelia-hypotrichosis-facial hemangioma syndrome in a 3 month-old female. The patient showed major features of the previously reported cases including flexion deformities of both upper extremities, sparse light colored hair, mid-facial hemangioma and a characteristic facial appearance. Roentgenogram showed radio-humeral synostosis at both elbow joints by which shortening of upper limbs could be anticipated. However, intra- and extrauterine growth retardation were not remarkable and the lower limbs were not affected.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Elbow Joint ; Female ; Hair ; Hemangioma* ; Humans ; Hypotrichosis ; Lower Extremity ; Synostosis ; Upper Extremity

Attention has been paid to the thiocarbanilide derivative and the authors synthesized some new compounds of thiocarbanilides for experimental studies on tuberculosis and leprosy. The series of newly synthesized chemical compounds of thiocarbanilides were studied for comparision with the already known antimycobacterial agents; INH, PAS, Streptomycin and D. D. S. The strains of Mycobacterium tubercubsis (H37 Rv, Ravenel, and B. C. G.) and Mycobacterium phlei were used for the in vitro experiments. In the in vivo experiments, the strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis (Ravenel) was employed. The strain of Mycobacterium leprae murium (Hawaiian strain) was used for the murine leprosy experiments. The experimental animals for the in vivo tests were white mice (CFW strain) and these were extensively employed in tuberculosis and leprosy as well. Sixteen cases of Various types of human leprosy, were treated with one of the newly synthesized thiocarbanilides (L-4). Among the newly synthesized chemical compounds of thiocarbanilides studied for their antituberculous and antimurine leprosy activity in vitro and in vivo experiments, two compounds were shown to be suppressive agents for those infections without significant toxicity. These two compounds were named tentatively as L-1 and L-4. 1) LD50 of L-1 was 1,054 mg/kg and that of L-4 was 1,028 mg/kg, while the LD50 of INH was 650 mg/kg and PAS was 4,000mg/kg orally in the experimental animals. 2) L-1 and L-4 showed remarkable suppressive activity in vitro using solid media with 100r/ml. concentration. These data were parallel to 1r/ml. of INH and 50r/ml. of PAS. The inferiority of L-1 and L-4 to INH and PAS in vitro studies might have been due to the water insolubility of these compounds while INH and PAS were readily soluble in water. 3) In vivo experiments with L-1 showed a much-more superior antituberculous effect than was found with INH and PAS. 4) A method of grading the bacterial count in a homogenized tissue suspension of visceral organs (lungs, liver, spleen and kidneys) using the simple technique of the Gaffky scale was accurate and time saving technique in screening the results of the chemotherapeutic agents in tuberculosis. 5) Among the newly synthesized compounds L-4 showed the most remarkable suppressive effect on murine leprosy. The suppressive results were similar to those of INH. 6) The method of measuring the size and the weight of leproma at the inoculated site was simple and is an adequate screening test for chemotherapeutic effect in murine leprosy. 7) In the trials with human leprosy 16 cases of various types, using L-4, the effectiveness in clinical as well as in bacteriological improvement was remarkable. a) After L-4 treatment decrease in bactriologica1 indices and remarkable clinical improvement after a relative1y short period of treatment were observed. b) L-4, up to the maximum daily dose of 500 mg, can be safely administered orally to the patients without any significant side reactions. c) L-4 could be used with remarkable clinical improvement for the patients in lepra reactions.
Adult ; Animals ; Comparative Study ; Erythema Nodosum/drug therapy ; Female ; Human ; Leprosy/*drug therapy ; Male ; Mice ; Thiourea/*therapeutic use

D.D.S.(Diamino-Diphenyl-Sulfone) has been accepted as the first choice in the treatment of leprosy. This compound is relatively toxic but effective in all types of leprosy, and can be used for prolonged periods of time with almost negligible drug resistance and at very low cost. Leprosy is an extraordinarily chronic disease with an exceptionally prolonged incubation period. It is a well accepted practice to use chloroquine for malaria, penicillin for syphilis, and INH for tuberculosis as an agent of chemoprophylaxis. Leprosy is a disease that occurs chiefly among the poorer people in poverty stricken countries. Contacts with leprosy patients, particulary household contacts in such countries, are inevitable. An effective measure of prevention, if any, is greatly to be desired. Lew and Lee(1960) reported the results of the chemoprophylaxis of leprosy contacts with D.D.S. Seven hundred and sixty children born to leprous individuals were divided into two groups, the first group, 325 children, were given D.D.S. 50 - 300 mg. weekly for a period of 7 months to 5 years and the second group, 435 children, were not given any prophylactic measures but observed as controls for a similar period of time. Among the experimental group, the first group of 325 children developed no leprosy, while in the second group 31 children(7.1%) out of 435 developed leprosy. Nine suspicious cases of leprosy with hypopigmented skin patches were identified among the first group of 325 children while they were under preventive medication but those lesions gradually disappeared. Two cases of leprosy, indeterminate group, were identified about two years after stopping medication among the first group of 325 children. Another experiment on chemoprophylaxis is being conducted. In the first group, (experimental group); there were 778 household contacts from 156 bacteriologically positive leprosy patients who have been medicated only with D.D.S. at the leprosy center. The dosage of D.D.S. was paralleled to the dosage of leprosy patients whose maximum dosage was fixed to 400 mg. per week. At present these contacts have been followed for a period of one to seven years. None of leprosy incidences were identified during this observation period among those 778 D.D.S.-medicated contacts. In the second group, (control group); there were 749 individuals who were the household contacts of 160 leprosy patients in Kangwondo province. These contacts were not protected by D.D.S., nor by B.C.G. This group have been followed for the past one to seven year period during which time only the index cases (leprosy patients among the families) were me dicated with D.D.S. Fourty-four cases of leprosy (5.9%) among 749 household contacts were identified from the past 1 to 30 year period. Thirteen (1.7%)out of 44 cases (5.9%) of leprosy among the 749 household contacts were identified during the period of 1 to 7 years observation while there was no leprosy incidence among the D.D.S.-medicated 778 contacts in the first group experiment.
Adolescent ; Child ; Dapsone/*therapeutic use ; Human ; Leprosy/*prevention & control

Captured wild chipmunks which have been extensively used for leprosy research, were studied in our laboratory for the reproductive potentials. Histologically normal organs, which are involved in reproduction in both sexes, were observed. Functionally active viable sperms in sufficient amount were produced by the males, and were used for artificial inseminations. A state of normal reproductive physiology of the females was also confirmed by studies on histologic analysis of oogenesis in the ovaries and in cultured ovaries in vitro. Regularity in ovulation was also determined by vaginal epithelial cell examinations. Thus these animals appeared to be normal in terms of fecundity. It was considered that the inability of these animals to have successful breeding in the captured state was due to problems in fertility, especially in maintaining the pregnancy.
Animal ; Animals, Wild/physiology ; Breeding ; Estrus ; Female ; Fertility* ; In Vitro ; Insemination, Artificial/veterinary ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Rodentia/physiology* ; Sciuridae/physiology* ; Sperm Motility ; Vagina/cytology