A total of 369 patients with abnoirmal cervical eytology and suspicious lesions of the cervix were colposcoped end 356 patients of whom were, taken directed biopsy to assess the lesions preeisely and compare the aeeuracy of the eaeh methods. The results of cervical cytology were elso compared with the colpoacopic impression and colposcopically directed biopsies. 252 patients with abnr;irmal colyoaeopie findings were performl conization, simple hiysterectomy or radical hysterectomy depending on their current idisease statua. The rate of one grade less or more advanced correlation between the cervical cytology and directed biopsy was 72.4% and thiat of two grade less wns 80.3% and as for the correletion between the colposcopic imprwssions and the colposcopically directed biopsies, the rate of ciompatibility was 91.5%. Bases on the hetopathologic findings of the surgical apeeimen, the eompatibility rotcs of eervical cytology, colposcopic impressions and colposcopilIy divected hiopsies were 70.2%, 90.6% and 98.0% respectively. With these results, we can reach a conclusion that the colpnscopic impression itself is almost as accurate as the colposcopicolly directed biosy and the directed biopsy can take the place of conization so far as the diagnostic accuracy is concerned.
Biopsy* ; Cervix Uteri ; Conization ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy

CT has proven useful in diagnosing pancreatic disease. It is well known that CT is a reliable, simple,noninvasive method for detecting pancreatic carcinoma and extension of the pathology. Of 1150 cases studied forabdominal pathology with Varian-360-3 whole body scanner from June 1980 to June 1982, 38 cases were confirmed tobe pancreatic carcinoma clinically or operatively. We reviewed the CT findings of above cases and the results wereas follows; 1. The sex ration was 31 males to 7 females and the greatest number of cases (31.6%) were seen infourth decade. 2. There were enlargement of pancreas in 37 cases (97.4%), peripancreatic fat obliteration in 28cases (73.7%), dilatation of bile duct in 27 cases (71.1%), enlargement of retroperitoneal lymph nodes in 32 cases(84.2%), dilatation of pancreatic duct in 12 cases (31.6%), Thick vessel sign in 10 cases (26.3%), atrophy ofpancreas body and tail in 3 cases (7.9%), and metastasis in 17 cases (44.7%). 3. In 37 cases of enlargement ofpancreas, enlargement of head in 24 cases, enlargement of head and body in 7 cases, enlargement of body in 2cases, enlargement of body and tail in 2 cases, enlargement of tail in 1 case, and diffuse enlargement of pancreasin 1 case, were observed. 4. Associated findings on CT were pleural effusion (5 cases), ascites (4 cases), livercirrhosis(3 cases), splenomegaly (2 cases), gall stones (3 cases), cholecystitis(2 cases), CBD stone (1 case), IHDstone (1 case), Hydronephrosis (2 cases), renal cyst (2 cases), intraabdominal abscess(1 case), and spinetuberculosis(1 case). 5. There were difficulties in diagnosing one case of diffuse enlargement of opancreas withhead cancer, one case of necrotic head cancer similar to pseudocyst, one case of tail cancer associated withabscess and one case of head cancer associated with pseudocyst in lesser sac.
Ascites ; Atrophy ; Bile Ducts ; Dilatation ; Female ; Gallstones ; Head ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Methods ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Diseases ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Pathology ; Peritoneal Cavity ; Pleural Effusion ; Splenomegaly ; Tail

No abstract available.
Humans ; Liver Function Tests* ; Liver*

Human Papillomaviruses(HPVs) are regarded as sexually transmitable and closely associated with precancerous lesions or invasive cancers of the vulva, vagina, and cer V1X. In situ hybridization, besides showing higher sensitivity, allowed the identification of specific viral types. We studied 12 cases of condylomata accuminata for HPV typing by in situ hybridization techenique. Ten cases(83.3 % ) showed positive for HPV type 6/11, and 2 cases(16.7% ) were positive for HPV type 16/18.
DNA Probes* ; DNA* ; Humans* ; In Situ Hybridization* ; Vagina ; Vulva

Authors retrospectively analized the CT findings of mediastinal lesions in surgically or clinically confirmed 37 cases at kosin Medical College during the recent 4 years from Sept. 1979 to Aug. 1983. 1. Among 37 cases, malignant lymphoma were 7 cases, thymoma and vascular lesion or anomaly were 5 cases respectively, benign teratoma and tuberculous mediastinal lymphadentis and neurogenic tumor were 4 cases respectively. pericardial cyst were 2 cases, bronchogenic cyst, non-specific cyst, pancreatic pseudocyst, mesothelioma, Bochdalek hernia was 1 case respectively. 2. The sex ratio between male and female was about 1:1 and the majority of the patients with malignant lymphoma and teratoma was under 20 years old. 3. CT findings of the each mediastinal lesion. 1) Primary mediastinal malignant lymphoma. (1) A large, matted, continuous and midline-crossing mass was observed in the superior and the anterior mediastinums in all cases. (2) In 3 cases, irregular lower densities were seen in the center of the mass, representing the tumor necrosis. (3) CT was also able to show invovlement of other mediastinal lymph nodes and adjacent structures such as pleura, anterior chest wall and lung parenchyma. (4) Involving pleura,homogeneous band-like shadows were seen along the pleura, appearing denser than the associated pleural effusion.(5) Involving lung parenchyma, irregular-shaped nodules and band-llike densities were seen along the courses ofthe bronchi and the vessels. 2) Thyoma. (1) A discrete, soft tissue mass was seen in the superior and the anterior mediastinums(mainly posterior to manubrium and anterior to aortic arch) replacing the normal mediastinal fat. (2)In benign thymoma, the margin of the mass was smooth and the normal fat plane between the mass and the vascular structures was well preserved, but invasive thymoma showed obliteration of the normal fat plane, irregular and ragged tumor-lung interface, and irregular thickening of pleura and pericardium by tumor implantation to thesestructures. (3) The tumors spreaded to only one side of the chest cavity. 3) Teratoma (1) A discrete and smooth marginated mass was seen in anterior mediastinum and it has three or more of different tissue densities among fat,water, soft tissue and calcific densities. (2) 3 cases of teratomas showed the characteristic, thick-walled cystic appearances.
Bronchi ; Bronchogenic Cyst ; Female ; Hernia ; Humans ; Lung ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphoma ; Male ; Manubrium ; Mediastinal Cyst ; Mediastinum ; Mesothelioma ; Necrosis ; Pancreatic Cyst ; Pericardium ; Pleura ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Ratio ; Teratoma ; Thoracic Wall ; Thorax ; Thymoma

The effect of Atenolol on the blood pressure were studied in 31 cases of essential hypertension and on the effect of plasma renin activity in 8 cases. There were 8 cases of male with age 49.5(42-70) and 23 cases of female with age 49(35-71) years. 27 cases of 31 cases were untreated hypertensive patients and 4 cases were refractory to hypotensive drugs of diuretics and vasodilators. The Atenolol 50mg once-daily was given to all patients orally for 3 weeks. The blood pressure, heart rate, ECG and symptoms were checked in one week interval. In 8 cases, the plasma renin activity was measured by Dainabot Kit before and after one week medication. The results were as follows: 1. In 27 cases of untreated hypertension, the control blood pressure was 182.9/11.4mmHg in average. The blood pressure decreased in average by 18.3/11mmHg in one week, 23.7/15.9mmHg in two week and 21.5/10.5mmHg in three week. The heart rate also decreased by 7.4/min. in one week, 14.9/min. in two week and 7.8/min. in three week. These data showed considerable reduction of blood pressure and heart rate with 50mg Atenolol once-daily. 2. The basal plasma renin activity after one week medication was reduced by 46% in 8 cases and this data showed considerable reduction regardless control level of basal plasma renin activity. 3. There were considerable blood pressure reduction by adding Atenolol 50mg once-daily to diuretics and vasodilator to which patient's blood pressures were refractory. 4. There was no orthostatic hypotension or serious side effect by Atenolol medication.
Atenolol ; Blood Pressure* ; Diuretics ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Hypotension, Orthostatic ; Male ; Plasma* ; Renin* ; Vasodilator Agents

PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to analyze the MR findings of medulloblastoma, and to evaluate the subarachnoid dissemination and the significance of contrast enhanced MR of brain and spine for tumor.. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The preoperative brain MR studies of 18 patients (9 males, 9 females;mean age, 9.4 years) with surgically proved medulloblastomas were retrospectively reviewed to characterize these neoplasms with regard to their location, size, MR signal intensity, appearance after contrast enhancement, presence of cyst and necrosis, subarachnoid dissemination, and other associated findings. In 14 patients postoperative spine MR studies were evaluated for staging and therapeutic planning. RESULTS: The most frequent location of medulloblastoma was the inferior vermis and the mean tumor size was 4.1 x 3.6 x 3.9 cm. On Tl-weighted image, medulloblastomas generally had low to intermediate signal, predominantly hypointense relative to white matter. On T2-weighted image, medulloblastomas showed modetately high signal, hyperintense relative to white matter. Inhomogeneous contrast enhancement was demonstrated in 13 patients(72.2%) after injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine(Gadolinium). Cyst and necrosis within the tumor were visualized in 15 patients(83.3%). Subarachnoid disseminations of medulloblastomas were noted in 11 patients(61.1%), of which 6 demonstrated intracranial and 2 intraspinal dissemination. Three had both intracranial and intraspinal dissemination. In nine cases with intracranial lesions, there were intraparenchymal mass formation(7), subarachnoid nodules(5), infundibular lesions(2) and diffuse gyral enhancement(I). In five cases with intraspinal lesions, there were extramedullary intradural small nodules(3), central canal nodules(2), intradural masses(I)and fine nodular and sheet-like leptomeningeal enhancement(1). Other associated findings included intratumoral hemorrhage(11.1%), per/tumoral edema(44.4%), tonsillar herniation(44.4%), hydrocephalus(88.9%) and calcification(44.4%). CONCLUSION: Medulloblastomas revealed low to intermediate signal intensity on Tl-weighted image and intermediate to moderately high signal intensity on T2-weighted image, relative to cerebellar white matter. Medulloblastomas were solid tumors with cystic necrosis, which showed inhomogeneous enhancement and subarachnoid disseminations to the intracranial and intraspinal spaces after Gd-DTPA enhancement. Gd-enhanced MR of brain and spine was an useful diagnostic modality in preoperative diagnosis and in staging of postoperative cases of medulloblastomas, which was superior to postcontrast CT or precontrast MR.
Brain* ; Diagnosis ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Humans ; Male ; Medulloblastoma ; Necrosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Classification*

This study was performed to investigate the effect of endotoxin to the CCl4-induced liver injury. Twelve Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally injected 1.6 g/kg CCl4 as control group. Another 24 rats were orally administrated 300 mg/kg of neomycin at 16 and 3 hours prior to CCl4 injection as experimental group. Twelve among them were intraperitoneally infected 1.0 mg/kg of endotoxin(E-Coli, 0111:B4, No L-2630, lipopolysaccharide, Sigma, USA) and CCl4 simultaneously for offsetting neomycin effect. The rats were sacrificed at 1, 4, 10, and 24 hours after CCl4 injection. The liver tissues from all experimental groups were observed by light and electron microscopy. The results obtained were summarized as follows: In the CCl4 only group, the hepatocytes revealed sweling of ER and mitochondria with many lipid droplet in the cytoplasm. Focal cellular necrosis was seen at the later phase. The Kupffer cells were activated and showed many cytoplasmic processes, secondary lysosomes, and vaculoles. The endothelial cells were edematous. Several neutrophils, platelets, and microthrombi were scattered in the sinusoid. In the neomycin-CCl4-endotoxin administrated group, both hepatocytic destruction and intrasinusoidal microthrombi formation were more pronounced. In the neomycin pretreated group, the hepatocytes revealed mild cellular destruction without necrosis. There is no intrasinusoidal microthrombi. According to these results, it would be concluded that the small dosage of gastrointestinal tract-derived endotoxin affects to the liver injury caused by CCl4. The synergistic effects of CCl4 and gastrointestinal tract-derived endotoxin which can not be detoxified by damaged Kupffer cells, may be more important in the pathogenesis of CCl4-induced liver injury.
Rats ; Animals

BACKGROUND: Methods to detect and quanitify Mycobacterium leprae(M. leprae)are needed for studies involving the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and chemotherapy of leprosy. Serological assays and skin tests lack the sensitivity and specificity to serve as diagnostic tool for M. leprae infection. The polymerase chain reaction(PCR) based on the selective amplification of an 530-bp frangment of the gene encoding the proline-rich antigen of M. leprae was performed with sections of fixed or frozen biopsy samples from leprosy patients. OBJECTIVE: This study was done to investigate the applicability of PCR for the detection of low numbers of M. leprae in tissues and peripheral blood. METHODS: The PCR was used to amplify a 530-base-pair M. leprae DNA with the thermoxtable Taq DNA polymerase. RESULTS: The In frozen skin tissues and peripheral blood of leprosy patients. relatively high detection rates of PCR products was achieved by using direct gel analysis as well as Southern blot hybridization. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that PCR amplification for the detection of M. leprae may be useful for the epidemiologic study of large papulations as well as coinical astudies on the individual patients.
Biopsy ; Blotting, Southern ; DNA ; Drug Therapy ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Epidemiology ; Humans ; Leprosy ; Mycobacterium leprae* ; Mycobacterium* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Skin ; Skin Tests ; Taq Polymerase