Most insects including the honeybee cause erythema and edema at the site of a sting in non-allergic individuals. This reaction usually resolves within a few days. However, in certain cases, the persistence of inciting materials in the cutaneous tissue may promote a local inflammatory foreign body reaction. Localized nodular lesions were seen in our two patients and erythemstous patches were present in one patient due to rarely encountered complications induced by retained sting materials. In these cases histopathology showed multiple foci of foreign body granuloma containing yellow refraetile material in the center surrounded by histiocytes and foreign body giant cells. The granulomatous skin lesions in these patients were treated with intralesional injections of triamcinolone acetonide and partial excisions of the nodular masses were performed.
Bites and Stings ; Edema ; Erythema ; Foreign-Body Reaction ; Giant Cells, Foreign-Body ; Granuloma* ; Granuloma, Foreign-Body ; Histiocytes ; Humans ; Injections, Intralesional ; Insects ; Skin ; Triamcinolone Acetonide

BACKGROUND: The differentiation of syphilids from other skin decreases is frequently difficult due to considerable variations of clinical and histologic pattern. The most common histologic changes in secondary syphilis are swelling & proliferation of endothelial cells and the presence of a perivascular infiltrate containing plasmia cells. But often, these findings are absert or inconspicuous. OBJECTIVE: We examined the histopathologic findings of secondary syphilis in relation to the clinical types of the skin lesion. MEHTODS: 36 biopsy specimens from twenty-nine serologically and clinically confirmed cases of secondary syphilis (15 macules, 8 papules, 2 condylomata latas and 11 papulosquamous lesions) were examined. RESULTS: The histopath,ologic findings of secondary syphilis showed comparative differences according to the clinical types of the skin lesion. The plasms cell infltrates were absent or sparse in 14 csses(39%) and the plasma cell infiltration was significantly correhted with the age of skin lesions(p=0.02197). Vascular changes were seen in 32 cases (89%), but the incidence of endothelial proliferation was less(25%). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the histopathologic findirigs of secondary syphilis in accordance to the clinical morphology of the eruption and thus, help to differentiate syphilids from other skin diseases.
Biopsy ; Endothelial Cells ; Incidence ; Plasma Cells ; Skin ; Skin Diseases ; Syphilis ; Syphilis, Cutaneous*

OBJECTIVE: This research was performed to evaluate the relation clinical symptoms and P300 in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: 25 patients with schizophenia by DSM-IV in Soonchunhyang Chunan University hospital were participated. Clinical symptoms were checked by BPRS (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale) and PANSS (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale). Auditory event related potentials P300 components were obtained with "Oddball paradigm". RESULTS: P300 in T 3 was smaller and more delayed than T 4 in patients with schizophrenia. Especially, P300 on T 3 were correlated with BPRS scores and negative symptoms scores of PANSS, which were also correlated with P300 on Fz. CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that P300 on frontal and left temporal lobe reflect clinical symptoms in patients with schizophrenia.
Chungcheongnam-do ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Event-Related Potentials, P300 ; Evoked Potentials ; Humans ; Schizophrenia* ; Temporal Lobe

We describe the case of a 45-year-old woman who had self-regressing livedo reticularis on the lower extremities. Examination of a biopsy specimen from the mottled area revealed myxomatous emboli in the deep dermal arterioles. Echocardiography showed a myxoma in the left atrium. After the tumor was surgically excised, the patient had no further evidence of the disorders during the 3-year period of follow-up. Livedo reticularis caused by an peripheral arterial embolism, which in turn was caused by the tumor fragments in our patient with left atrial myxoma, is considered to be unusual.
Arterioles ; Biopsy ; Echocardiography ; Embolism ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Atria ; Humans ; Livedo Reticularis* ; Lower Extremity ; Middle Aged ; Myxoma*

Lichen aureus is a variant of pigmented purpuric lichenoid dermatitis. The skin lesions usually appear asymptomatic rusty, copper, or orange colored roundish lichenoid erythematous-purpuric papules and patches on the lower extremities. Histologically, the epidermis shows minimal changes, with a dense lymphohistiocytic infiltrate observed in the superficial derrnis, typically distributed in a band-like fashion. The typical lesion is a single patch localized on the lower extremity. We report a rare case of segmental lichen aureus localized on the right lower extremity.
Citrus sinensis ; Copper ; Dermatitis ; Epidermis ; Lichens* ; Lower Extremity ; Skin

BACKGROUND: Nipple and areola diseases of the breast cause cosmetic, sexual and functional problems, and these problems are important to most patients, so awareness of these disease entities is invaluable. Still, there has been insufficient clinical investigation of these conditions. OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to investigate the epidemiological aspects of nipple and areola diseases that were confirmed by biopsies, and we wanted to highlight the clinical features of dermatoses of the nipple and areola. These disease features were then compared between the patients who visited the Departments of Dermatology and General Surgery. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 80 patients with nipple and areola lesions and these lesions were confirmed by biopsy at Maryknoll Hospital between March 1989 and August 2007. 37 patients visited the Department of Dermatology and 43 patients visited the Department of General Surgery. RESULTS: The ratio of males to females was 6:74. The ratio of the males to females seen at the Department of Dermatology was 6:31. In contrast, that of the patients seen at the Department of General Surgery was 0:43. The most frequent nipple and areola skin diseases were fibroadenoma, intraductal papilloma, accessory breast and nipple eczema in the decreasing order of frequency. The most frequent nipple and areola skin diseases seen at the Department of Dermatology were nipple eczema, soft fibroma, hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola, Paget's disease and invasive ductal carcinoma in the decreasing order of frequency. In contrast, the most frequent nipple and areola skin diseases seen at the Department of General Surgery were fibroadenoma, intraductal papilloma, accessory breast, phyllodes tumor and subareolar abscess. Of the 80 cases, 49 had papules or nodules, 15 had patches or plaques, 10 had vesicles, erosions or ulcers and 6 had nipple discharge. Of the 37 cases seen at the Department of Dermatology, 15 had patches or plaques, 14 had papules or nodules and 8 had vesicles, erosions or ulcers. In contrast, of the 43 cases seen at the Department of General Surgery, 35 had papules or nodules, 6 had bloody or serous nipple discharge, and 2 had vesicles, erosions or ulcers. CONCLUSION: We retrospectively studied 80 cases of nipple and areola skin diseases. This study suggests that various conditions, including dysembryoplasia, inflammatory dermatoses, hyperkeratoses and neoplasm, can affect the nipple and areola and show different characteristics according to the Hospital Department they are seen at. The patients with symptoms of patches or plaques tend to visit the Department of Dermatology. In contrast, patients with symptoms of papules or nodules tend to visit the Department of General Surgery. Further investigation with a large group of patients is necessary to better understand the epidemiology of nipple and areola skin diseases.
Abscess ; Biopsy ; Breast ; Breast Diseases ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Cosmetics ; Dermatology ; Eczema ; Female ; Fibroadenoma ; Fibroma ; Hospital Departments ; Humans ; Male ; Nipples ; Papilloma, Intraductal ; Phyllodes Tumor ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin ; Skin Diseases ; Ulcer

BACKGROUND: Nipple and areola diseases of the breast cause cosmetic, sexual and functional problems, and these problems are important to most patients, so awareness of these disease entities is invaluable. Still, there has been insufficient clinical investigation of these conditions. OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to investigate the epidemiological aspects of nipple and areola diseases that were confirmed by biopsies, and we wanted to highlight the clinical features of dermatoses of the nipple and areola. These disease features were then compared between the patients who visited the Departments of Dermatology and General Surgery. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 80 patients with nipple and areola lesions and these lesions were confirmed by biopsy at Maryknoll Hospital between March 1989 and August 2007. 37 patients visited the Department of Dermatology and 43 patients visited the Department of General Surgery. RESULTS: The ratio of males to females was 6:74. The ratio of the males to females seen at the Department of Dermatology was 6:31. In contrast, that of the patients seen at the Department of General Surgery was 0:43. The most frequent nipple and areola skin diseases were fibroadenoma, intraductal papilloma, accessory breast and nipple eczema in the decreasing order of frequency. The most frequent nipple and areola skin diseases seen at the Department of Dermatology were nipple eczema, soft fibroma, hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola, Paget's disease and invasive ductal carcinoma in the decreasing order of frequency. In contrast, the most frequent nipple and areola skin diseases seen at the Department of General Surgery were fibroadenoma, intraductal papilloma, accessory breast, phyllodes tumor and subareolar abscess. Of the 80 cases, 49 had papules or nodules, 15 had patches or plaques, 10 had vesicles, erosions or ulcers and 6 had nipple discharge. Of the 37 cases seen at the Department of Dermatology, 15 had patches or plaques, 14 had papules or nodules and 8 had vesicles, erosions or ulcers. In contrast, of the 43 cases seen at the Department of General Surgery, 35 had papules or nodules, 6 had bloody or serous nipple discharge, and 2 had vesicles, erosions or ulcers. CONCLUSION: We retrospectively studied 80 cases of nipple and areola skin diseases. This study suggests that various conditions, including dysembryoplasia, inflammatory dermatoses, hyperkeratoses and neoplasm, can affect the nipple and areola and show different characteristics according to the Hospital Department they are seen at. The patients with symptoms of patches or plaques tend to visit the Department of Dermatology. In contrast, patients with symptoms of papules or nodules tend to visit the Department of General Surgery. Further investigation with a large group of patients is necessary to better understand the epidemiology of nipple and areola skin diseases.
Abscess ; Biopsy ; Breast ; Breast Diseases ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Cosmetics ; Dermatology ; Eczema ; Female ; Fibroadenoma ; Fibroma ; Hospital Departments ; Humans ; Male ; Nipples ; Papilloma, Intraductal ; Phyllodes Tumor ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin ; Skin Diseases ; Ulcer

Trichoadenoma is a rare cutaneous tumor that was first described by Nikolowski in 1958. It usually occurs as a single tumor on the face and its size varies from 3 to 50mm in diameter. It may arise any time during adult life. This tumor is less mature than trichofolliculoma and more differentiated than trichoepithelioma, and it is considered as a benign tumor with differentiation toward the infundibular portion of the pilosebaceous canal. In this report, we describe a 61-year-old women who developed trichoadenoma on the left shoulder of 3 years duration. The lesion was asymptomatic and had grown slowly. Histopathological findings showed numurous horn cysts with central keratinous material and solid tumor islands reaching to the deep dermis. Immunohistochemical studies showed negative findings for eccrine differentiation.
Adult ; Animals ; Dermis ; Female ; Horns ; Humans ; Islands ; Middle Aged ; Shoulder

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of the natural coral(NC) and the hydroxyapatite/calcium sulfate hemihydrate(HA/CS) on an early stages of wound healing in the rat periodontal fenestration defects. In this experiment, twelve male rats(Mean : 520g in BW) aged 8 to 9 months were used. Experimental periodontal fenestration defects were surgically created with tapered fissure bur at the buccal surface of the left mandibular 1st, 2nd molars. The buccal aspects of molar roots were carefully denuded of their periodontal ligament through a bony window created in the left mandibles of rats under general anesthesia. Each experimental periodontal fenestration defect was grafted with natural coral and HA/CS, randomly. An area without bone graft was assigned for negative control group. At 10, 35 days, rats were serially sacrificed via intracardiac perfusion with 2.5% glutaraldehyde and specimens were processed with Hematoxylin-Eosin stain for light microscopic evaluation. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The defect areas were filled with dense connective tissues at 10 days in control group. But in the test(NC, HA/CS) groups, the connective tissues around graft materials were formed more loosely and the response of inflammation by graft materials itself was not found. 2. The defect areas were filled with new osteoid tissues and new cementum was not formed on the cut root surface at 35 days in the control group. 3. New osteoid tissue formation was more prominent at 35 days in control than test groups. 4. The NC and HA/CS particles were encapsulated by loose connective tissues at 10 days and by dense connective tissues at 35 days, respectively. 5. In the test groups, resorption of graft particles was not found through the experimental time. From the above results, natural coral and hydroxyapatite/calcium sulfate hemihydrate may be biocompatible and osteoconductive and have a weak adverse reaction to the periodontal tissues.
Anesthesia, General ; Animals ; Anthozoa ; Connective Tissue ; Dental Cementum ; Glutaral ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Male ; Mandible ; Molar ; Perfusion ; Periodontal Ligament ; Rats* ; Transplants* ; Wound Healing

No abstract available.
Humans ; Pregnancy, Twin* ; Twins*