No abstract available.
Humans ; Urinary Retention*

Intussusception in adult is a rare disease and laparotomy is usually considered because of the probability of malignancy. Especially with obstruction symptom or sign, it might be needed emergency operation. This case was a simultaneous development of small bowel intussusception and acute hepatitis A. The patient had abdominal pain and vomiting. Intitial laboratory examination with elevated aminotransferase revealed that the diagnosis was acute hepatitis. As managing acute hepatitis, the abdominal pain was not improved and the patient had tenderness on periumbilical area on physical examination. A jejunal intussusception with a lead point was proved on the abdominal computed tomography scan. Fortunately, symptom of intussusception was relieved while nulli per os (NPO) and intravenous hydration. After recovery of acute hepatitis, laparotomy was done. The lead point was 2.5x3.0 cm sized hamartoma. This was the case that the symptom of intussusception was confused with that of acute hepatitis.
Abdominal Pain ; Adult ; Emergencies ; Hamartoma ; Hepatitis ; Hepatitis A ; Humans ; Intussusception ; Laparotomy ; Physical Examination ; Rare Diseases ; Vomiting

Adenoviral pneumonia is rare in healthy adults. However, several cases were recently reported in a military training center in South Korea. Adenovirus genotype 3, 6, and 7 are predominant in South Korea. More recently, genotype 55, which emerged sporadically in China, has been reported in South Korea. In this study, we present a case of adenoviral pneumonia caused by genotype 55 in a healthy soldier from an army recruit training center in South Korea.
Adenoviridae* ; Adult ; China ; Genotype* ; Humans ; Korea ; Military Personnel ; Pneumonia*

Since February 26, 2021, when vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) began in South Korea, patients who visited the Korea University Guro Hospital with suspected adverse events after COVID-19 vaccination were monitored actively with interest. We encountered five unusual cases of polyarthralgia and myalgia syndrome in patients who received the ChAdOx1 nCOV-19 (AstraZeneca) vaccine. The patients (median age 67 years) were not previously diagnosed with arthropathy and rheumatologic diseases. They developed fever, myalgia, joint pain, and swelling three to seven days after vaccination. The symptoms persisted for up to 47 days despite antipyretic treatment. Arthralgia occurred in multiple joints, including small and large joints. A whole-body Technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate bone scan revealed unusual uptakes in the affected joints. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with or without prednisolone relieved the symptoms of all patients. Further monitoring is required to clarify the long-term prognosis of this syndrome.

Since February 26, 2021, when vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) began in South Korea, patients who visited the Korea University Guro Hospital with suspected adverse events after COVID-19 vaccination were monitored actively with interest. We encountered five unusual cases of polyarthralgia and myalgia syndrome in patients who received the ChAdOx1 nCOV-19 (AstraZeneca) vaccine. The patients (median age 67 years) were not previously diagnosed with arthropathy and rheumatologic diseases. They developed fever, myalgia, joint pain, and swelling three to seven days after vaccination. The symptoms persisted for up to 47 days despite antipyretic treatment. Arthralgia occurred in multiple joints, including small and large joints. A whole-body Technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate bone scan revealed unusual uptakes in the affected joints. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with or without prednisolone relieved the symptoms of all patients. Further monitoring is required to clarify the long-term prognosis of this syndrome.

Collective changes caused by orthodontic tooth movement evaluated in a specific treatment modality could give suggestive information on the specific treatment strategy. The aim of this study was to investigate retrospectively the characteristics of the orthodontic tooth movement during surgical-orthodontic treatment in order to provide an effective presurgical orthodontic treatment planning for the maxillary premolar extraction modality in the skeletal Class III malocclusion patient. Pre- and posttreatment dental casts of skeletal Class III malocclusion patients with nonextraction (N=24) and the maxillary premolar extraction (N=31) were collected. The angulation and inclination measuring gauge (Invisitech Co. Seoul, Korea) was used to evaluate the orthodontic tooth movement. The changes in the maxillary and mandibular dental arch widths were also measured from the canines to the second molars. As a result, more palatal inclination change in the maxillary dentition was found with the premolar extraction modality than with the nonextraction modality. Linear regression analysis showed that the inter-arch width coordination was mainly due to the inclination changes of maxillary posterior teeth. We conclude that the indications and proper treatment planning for surgical-orthodontic treatment in skeletal Class III malocclusion with maxillary premolar extraction could depend partly on the magnitude of the transverse inter-arch coordination especially in the maxillary dentition.
Bicuspid* ; Dental Arch ; Dentition ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Malocclusion ; Molar ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul ; Tooth ; Tooth Movement

There are many reports of subacute thyroiditis (SAT) that occurred after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but no such case has been reported in Korea. Moreover, the simultaneous occurrence of SAT and Graves’ disease (GD) is rare. Here, we describe a patient who developed SAT and GD after the second episode of COVID-19. A 27-year-old woman with no known history of thyroid disease presented with fever, upper respiratory tract symptoms, and painful neck swelling. Thyroid function tests revealed thyrotoxicosis, and thyroid ultrasound showed heterogeneous echogenicity of enlarged thyroid glands. Her initial clinical presentation was consistent with SAT after viral infection, with typical neck tenderness and spontaneous improvement of thyrotoxicosis without antithyroid drug use. However, this case had some atypical features, such as an elevated thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin level, relapse of thyrotoxicosis in short-term follow-up, and increased Tc-99m pertechnetate uptake, suggesting the coexistence of GD. About two months after methimazole (15 mg/day) was prescribed, she was lost to follow up again. We report the first case of unusual co-occurrence of SAT and GD following COVID-19.

We investigated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination rate in patients admitted to chronic pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and cancer wards in the third week of April 2022 to determine the immunity level of these vulnerable groups. Compared to the general population, our study subjects had lower vaccination rates, except for higher percentages of boosted individuals in patients with chronic pulmonary disease and cardiovascular disease. This tendency was most pronounced in cancer patients, less than half of whom were boosted. Patients with cancer should be encouraged to complete their COVID-19 vaccination.

Social distancing has been adopted as one of basic protective measures against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). During 2019–2020 season, influenza epidemic period was exceptionally short and epidemic peak was low in comparison with previous seasons in Korea. Influenza epidemic pattern was bimodal in 2016–2017 and 2018–2019 seasons, however, influenza viruses have rarely been circulating in spring, 2020 in Korea. Although multiple factors could affect the size of influenza epidemic, extensive application of nonpharmaceutical interventions including mask wearing and social distancing in response to COVID-19 seems to be a major factor of reduced influenza epidemic. Social distancing measures with high feasibility and high acceptability should be implemented even if severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines are developed in the future. Establishment of guideline for workplace social distancing is needed and it would contribute to reduce disease burden of influenza, especially in vaccine mismatch year.

Background: Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can unknowingly spread the virus to several people during the early subclinical period. Methods: We evaluated the viral dynamics in various body fluid specimens, such as nasopharyngeal swab, oropharyngeal swab, saliva, sputum, and urine specimens, of two patients with COVID-19 from hospital day 1 to 9. Additional samples of the saliva were taken at 1 hour, 2 hours, and 4 hours after using a chlorhexidine mouthwash. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load was determined by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). Results: SARS-CoV-2 was detected from all the five specimens of both patients by rRT-PCR. The viral load was the highest in the nasopharynx (patient 1 = 8.41 log10 copies/mL; patient 2 = 7.49 log10 copies/mL), but it was also remarkably high in the saliva (patient 1 = 6.63 log10 copies/mL; patient 2 = 7.10 log10 copies/mL). SARS-CoV-2 was detected up to hospital day 6 (illness day 9 for patient 2) from the saliva of both patients. The viral load in the saliva decreased transiently for 2 hours after using the chlorhexidine mouthwash. Conclusion SARS-CoV-2 viral load was consistently high in the saliva; it was relatively higher than that in the oropharynx during the early stage of COVID-19. Chlorhexidine mouthwash was effective in reducing the SARS-CoV-2 viral load in the saliva for a short-term period.