The goals of treatment of the slipped capital femoral eiphysis(SCFE) are to stabilize the slipped epiphysis, prevent further slipping and induce early closure of the epiphyseal plate. Mutiple pinning was used for the treatment but in recent years, percutaneous in-situ fixation technique with 1 or 2 cannulated screws is preferred due to the advantages of low rate of complication such as pin penetration. We report the results of experimental study and the functional results after percutaneous pinning. The purpose of the experimental study was the investigation for changes of the screw length and the site of screw entry point according to the degree of slipping by bony model. The entry point of the screw was changed toward anterior and proximal portion of femoral neck and the length of inserting screw was changed to be shorter according to the degree of slip. We have treated 10 patients(13 hips) with slipped capital femoral epiphysis(SCFE) at our department since Jan. 1989. Among them, 6 patients(7 hips) could be followed for more than 2 years. There were 5 boys and 1 girl. One case was affected on the both hip. The average age at operation was 11.8 year old. All cases were obese. Degree of slipping was showed 6 cases in mild and 1 case in moderate. The slipping of acute onset was 3 cases, acute-on chronic 3 cases and chronic 1 case. In radiographic results, 6 cases were showing in Grade 0, 1 case was in Grade II. In functional results, 3 cases were excellent, 3 cases in good and 1 case in poor. One poor functional result was a case complicated by chondrolysis.
Epiphyses ; Female ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Growth Plate ; Hip ; Humans ; Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphyses

The incidence of congenital syphilis was decreased after penicillin was introduced in the treatment of the disease in 1943. However, occurrence of the disease is rapidly increasing in recent years. The authors observed 46 cases of congenital syphilis in the newborn and infants, in which 28 cases born at this hospital and 18 cases admitted from O.P.D., treated at Han-Gang Sung-Shim Hospital from January 1973 to 1978. The results were as follows : 1) The ratio of the cases delivered at this hospital was 0.35% and that of the cases admitted via O.P.D. was 0.23%. 2) The incidence of congenital syphilis in the newborn infants who were delivered at this hospital was 0.25% in fullterm babies and 0.10% in premature babies. 3) Birth weights of the cases born in this hospital were as follows : Fullterm babies, 71.5% : 2,000~2,300Gm, 14.3% : 1,501~2,000Gm, 14.3% : and no cases below 1,500Gm. 4) Cliniccl manifestations were developed at neonatal period in 77.8% and at infancy in 22.2%. 5) Common clinical manifestations were skin manifestation (73.9%), hepatomegaly (71.7%), splenomegaly (63.1%), and anemia (60.8%). 6) Peripheral blood findings of patients born at this hospital showed mild anemia (hemoglobin level below 15 Gm/dl) of 60.7%, and severe anemia (hemoglobin level below 10Gm/dl) of 25%. 7) VDRL titer of all cases were above 1 : 2. and those of mothers were above 1 : 2 except 1 case. 8) 83.3% of affected cases revealed periostitis and osteochondritis. Most common sites of involvement were tibia (75%) and ulnar (66.6%). 9) Three out of the 46 patients had complications during the treatment : one was nephrot ic syndrome, second was acute pyelonephritis, and third was pneumonia with sepsis.
Anemia ; Birth Weight ; Hepatomegaly ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Mothers ; Osteochondritis ; Penicillins ; Periostitis ; Pneumonia ; Pyelonephritis ; Sepsis ; Skin Manifestations ; Splenomegaly ; Syphilis, Congenital* ; Tibia

Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) is associated with a wide spectrum of benign and malignant disorders including leukoplakia, Hodgkin's lymphoma, central nervous system lymphoma, peripheral T cell lymphoma and nasopharyngeal undifferentiated carcinoma. There are several distinctive aspects of biology of the virus that are important in investigation of virus in clinical specimens. The abundant expression of the EBER mRNA transcripts makes possible the sensitive detection of latent expression in EBV-associated tumors. Although there has been a dramatic increased interest in the direct characterization of EBV in clinical specimens, there have been few studies about the effective and reliable positive controls in performing in situ hybridization technique for EBV, especially on paraffin-embedded tissue. We applied Burkitts lymphoma cell line as positive control in EBV in hydridization using Oncor Kit. The cell block of Burkitt lymphoma cell line(CCL85 EB-3) showed strong and specific positivity for EBER in situ in nuclei of EBV infected cells.
Biology ; Burkitt Lymphoma ; Carcinoma ; Cell Line* ; Central Nervous System ; Herpesvirus 4, Human* ; Hodgkin Disease ; In Situ Hybridization* ; Leukoplakia ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral ; RNA, Messenger*

Transhiatal gastric transpositions were performed in two case of long gap esophageal atresia without tracheoesophageal fistula. The patients were a 12 months old female and an 18 months old male. Stamm type gastrostomies were performed at other hospitals in both cases. The stomach was mobilized preserving the right gastric artery, the right gastroepiploic artery and spleen. The proximal and distal esophageal pouches were excised by transcervical and transhiatal route, respectively. The mobilized stomach was pulled up to the neck through esophageal hiatus and posterior mediastinal route. The esophagogastrostomy, the only one anastomosis of this procedure, was performed in the neck. There was no clinical evidence of anastomotic leakage, stricture, regurgitation, difficulty of gastric emptying, hoarseness or respiratory problem. Transhiatal gastric transposition seems to be a safe and easy alternative surgical procedure for esophageal replacement in long gap esophageal atresia.
Anastomotic Leak ; Arteries ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Esophageal Atresia* ; Female ; Gastric Emptying ; Gastroepiploic Artery ; Gastrostomy ; Hoarseness ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Neck ; Spleen ; Stomach ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula

19 patients with blunt renal trauma who was checked renal angiography have been studied in the department of urology, national medical center, Catholic medical college and Seoul national university hospital , from Jan, 1976 to May. 1978. The results were followed; 1) Renal angiography was a best diagnostic procedure for a salvage of injured kidney. 2) If I. V. P. slowed abnormal findings in conservative management group, angiography was necessitated for the lesion diagnosed only with angiography. 3) In case of normal I. V. P. with stable vital sign, renal angiography was less helpful for treatment 4) In case of polar rupture and stable vital sign conservative management was more reliable therapy.
Angiography* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Rupture ; Seoul ; Urology ; Vital Signs

Diabetic nephropathy is characterized by one or a combination of the following lesions: (1) glomerular involvement with three distinctive patterns: diffuse glomerulosclerosis, nodular glomerulosclerosis, and exudative lesions; (2) arteriolo sclerosis; (3) urinary tract bacterial infection with pyelonephritis and sometimes emphysematous pyelonephritis. Emphysematous pyelonephritis is an uncommon life-threatening and acute suppurative infection of the kidney, and usually occurs in diabetic female patients. It is characterized by the production of intraparenchymal gas. Glucose fermentation has been considered the main cause of the gas formation. We presented two illustrative nephrectomy cases of emphysematous pyelonephritis in addition to the typical pathologic features of diabetic nephropathy.
Bacterial Infections ; Diabetic Nephropathies* ; Female ; Fermentation ; Glucose ; Humans ; Kidney ; Nephrectomy ; Pyelonephritis* ; Sclerosis ; Urinary Tract

BACKGROUND: Both atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia may progress to gastric dysplasia. This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing progression of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia to dysplasia. METHODS: People diagnosed with atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia for the first time received a follow-up endoscopy and were investigated for the cumulative incidence rate of gastric dysplasia by age, gender, smoking habit, alcohol intake, rice consumption and family history of stomach cancer. RESULTS: The cumulative incidence rate increased with age, consuming > or =3 bowls of rice per day and family history of stomach cancer. Multivariate analysis showed that the cumulative incidence rate of gastric dysplasia increased in subjects >61 years (RR=2.54, P=0.014), in those consuming > or =3 bowls of rice per day (RR=1.46, P=0.021) and in those with a family history of stomach cancer (RR=1.31, P=0.037). CONCLUSIONS: More active management, such as intensive endoscopic follow-up examinations, lifestyle change and education regarding gastric dysplasia, are required in those older than 61 years, having a higher intake of grain or with a family history of stomach cancer.
Edible Grain ; Endoscopy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastritis, Atrophic ; Humans ; Incidence ; Life Style ; Metaplasia ; Multivariate Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Stomach ; Stomach Neoplasms

We report a 58 year old man who complained that his nails didn't grow for a year and developed yellowish discoloration. On physical examination his nails showed yellow greenish discoloration, increased corvexity, loss of lunulae and cuticles. C]iest X ray revealed atelectasis on right lower lung field and bronchiectasis on left lower lung field. Mild restrictive pattern was observed in pulmoniry function test. We gave him 800IU of Vitamin E claily for 3 months, but rio remarkable changes have been observed as yet..
Bronchiectasis ; Humans ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Physical Examination ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Vitamin E ; Vitamins ; Yellow Nail Syndrome*

Gastric adenocarcinoma is the most common cancer of the gastrointestinal tract in Korea, and its prognosis is related to several factors, such as depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and differentiation. Heat-shock proteins (HSPs) are present constitutively in normal cells, where they play an important role in normal cell metabolism. In mammarian cells, they are induced by a variety of physical and chemical stimuli. Among them, HSP70 is found at a higher level in growing cells than in resting cells. The p53 gene is located on the short arm of the chromosome 17 and acts as a cancer suppressor gene. A mutant p53 gene induces a malignant transformation. The mutant p53 protein binds with HSP70 and the p53-HSP70 complex has functional significance in the transforming capacity of the mutant p53. We evaluated the correlation between the HSP70 scores and the p53 protein expression by immunohistochemical methods and compared it with well-known prognostic factors, such as depth of invasion, size, histologic type, and DNA ploidy pattern, in 37 gastric adenocarcinomas. The HSP70 expression was scored according to the staining intensity and extent. An immunoreactivity of over 1% in tumor cell nuclei was considered as positive for p53 protein. The results are summarized as follows: The p53 protein expression rate did not significantly differ based on depth of invasion, histologic type, lymph node metastasis, or DNA ploidy. The HSP70 scores was higher in group II (AGC with TNM stage III) than in group I (EGC & AGC with TNM stage II) and in p53-positive carcinomas than in p53- negative carcinomas(P<0.05). In conclusion, the p53 protein and HSP70 were closely correlated to each other in our immunohistochemical study for gastric adenocarcinomas and the HSP70 scores may play a role in the progression of a gastric adenocarcinoma. However, further studies are needed for determining their prognostic values in gastric adenocarcinomas. HSP70 and p53 expression are factors, just like depth of invasion. The question is their value.
Adenocarcinoma ; Arm ; Cell Nucleus ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 ; DNA ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; Genes, p53 ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Heat-Shock Proteins* ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins* ; Korea ; Lymph Nodes ; Metabolism ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Ploidies ; Prognosis ; Stomach

Gastric adenocarcinoma is the most common cancer of the gastrointestinal tract in Korea, and its prognosis is related to several factors, such as depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, and differentiation. Heat-shock proteins (HSPs) are present constitutively in normal cells, where they play an important role in normal cell metabolism. In mammarian cells, they are induced by a variety of physical and chemical stimuli. Among them, HSP70 is found at a higher level in growing cells than in resting cells. The p53 gene is located on the short arm of the chromosome 17 and acts as a cancer suppressor gene. A mutant p53 gene induces a malignant transformation. The mutant p53 protein binds with HSP70 and the p53-HSP70 complex has functional significance in the transforming capacity of the mutant p53. We evaluated the correlation between the HSP70 scores and the p53 protein expression by immunohistochemical methods and compared it with well-known prognostic factors, such as depth of invasion, size, histologic type, and DNA ploidy pattern, in 37 gastric adenocarcinomas. The HSP70 expression was scored according to the staining intensity and extent. An immunoreactivity of over 1% in tumor cell nuclei was considered as positive for p53 protein. The results are summarized as follows: The p53 protein expression rate did not significantly differ based on depth of invasion, histologic type, lymph node metastasis, or DNA ploidy. The HSP70 scores was higher in group II (AGC with TNM stage III) than in group I (EGC & AGC with TNM stage II) and in p53-positive carcinomas than in p53- negative carcinomas(P<0.05). In conclusion, the p53 protein and HSP70 were closely correlated to each other in our immunohistochemical study for gastric adenocarcinomas and the HSP70 scores may play a role in the progression of a gastric adenocarcinoma. However, further studies are needed for determining their prognostic values in gastric adenocarcinomas. HSP70 and p53 expression are factors, just like depth of invasion. The question is their value.
Adenocarcinoma ; Arm ; Cell Nucleus ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 ; DNA ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; Genes, p53 ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Heat-Shock Proteins* ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins* ; Korea ; Lymph Nodes ; Metabolism ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Ploidies ; Prognosis ; Stomach