Formaldehyde is contained in various everyday products such as shampoos, detergents, leathers and papers, and is thought to be one of the important couses of clothing related contact dermatitis(ACD). The results about the minimum sensitizing concentrations of formaldehyde were different, and the concentration of 30 pg per gram of textiles was the least one. We measured the quantity of formaldehyde in 16 different types of textiles which are widely used in Korea to investigate whether the textiles contain an enough amount of formaldehyde to induce ACD and washing can reduce the amount of it. The results were as follows : 1. The quantity of formaldehyde ranged from 3 to 1246 pg per gram of textiles. 2. Three types textiles contained more than 100pg of formaldehyde per gram of textiles and 6 between 50 pg and 100pg. 3. 1.00% cotton, ramie and rayon contained the highest content of formaldehyde per gram fabric. 4. After washing, the average quantity of formaldehyde decreased to 60% of that, of pre-wash measure.
Boehmeria ; Clothing ; Detergents ; Formaldehyde* ; Korea ; Textiles*

No abstract available.
Lipomatosis, Multiple Symmetrical*

The bone formation of periarticular connective tissue after head injury and total hip arthroplasty is included in the category of heterotopic ossification. Induction of a new bone formation in the soft tissue is related to various materials such as bone morphogenic protein. The alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase act as important factors in the formation and absorption of the bone. The acid phospatase has the important function of acting as the control with specific activity of phosphatase in vivo. Cholecalciferol induces absorption of the calcium in the alimentary tract and bone resorption and increment of bone calcification, whereas disodium etidronate inhibits the deposition and dissolution of calcium salt and formation of heterotopic bone. This paper reports on the relationship of alkaline phosphatase and various phosphoaminoacid phosphatase which affect the cellular differentiation and remodelling in the heterotopic ossification, with the effect of cholecalciferol and disodium etidronate on the heterotopic bone induction in rats. The following results were obtained: 1. The contents of the calcium in the implanted bone matrix increased markedly from two to five weeks. There was no changes in the calcium content by cholecalciferol or in the administration of small doses of disodium etidronate (5mg/kg). However, in the administration of large dose of disodium etidronate (25mg/kg), calcium mobilization was totally suppressed for the whole period of the experiment. 2. The protein content in the implanted bone matrix did not much change for the whole period of the experiment and the administratinn of cholecalciferol or disodium etidronate also had no effect on the protein content. 3. The activities of alkaline phosphatase in the implanted bone matrix peaked at two weeks in control or cholecalciferol group, whereas disodium etidronate admninstration caused the highest activity in the third week. 4. The activity of acid phosphatase in the implanted bone matrix increased in first and third weeks by cholecalciferol treatment. Disoidum etidronate inhibited the activity of the acid phosphatase in the first, fourth & sixth weeks of implantation. 5. The activity of phosphoserine phosphatase increased due to cholecalciferol treatment, but was significantly inhibited by disodium etidronate (25mg/kg) treatment. 6. The activity of phosphothreonine phosphatase in the implanted bone matrix slightly increased due to cholecalciferol treatment, whereas the activity decreased significantly for the whole period of the experiment by disodium etidronate (25mg/kg) treatment. 7. The activity of phosphotyrosine phosphatase in the implanted bone matrix was not change much for the whole period of the experiment and the administration of cholecalciferol or disodium etidronate had no effect on the activity of phosphotyrosine phosphatase. In conclusion, the disodium etidronate (25mg/kg) almost completely inhibited the molilization of calcium and the activities of acid phosphatase, phosphoserine and phosphothreonine phosphatases. Therefore, it can be suggested that the above phosphatases are closely related to the action mechanism of disodium etidronate.
Absorption ; Acid Phosphatase ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Animals ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Bone Matrix ; Bone Resorption ; Calcium ; Cholecalciferol ; Connective Tissue ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Etidronic Acid ; Ossification, Heterotopic ; Osteogenesis ; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases ; Phosphoserine ; Phosphothreonine ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases ; Rats

To investigate frequency of painful and/or silent myocardial ischemia(SMI) determined by ECG ST-segment depression(more than 1.0mm depression for 0.08 second after J point over 60 seconds) during unrestricted daily activities, 24-hour dynamic ECG was performed in 19 patients(11 males, 8 females) with chronic stable angina pectoris, aged 57.4 years(44 to 73 years). During 456 hours of recording, there were 154 episodes of SMI. Of these, 139 episodes(90.3%) were silent and 15 episodes(9.7%) accompaned chest pain. The higher incidence of SMI than previously published data is probably influenced by 1 patient who disclosed 56 episodes (excluding this, SMI 84.7%). Sixty one percent of episodes of SMI occurred during light activities such as slow walk, hand labor, eating or at rest(sitting at ease), smoking and sleep, and 39% during more strenuous activites such as walk, climbing stairs and physical exercise. In contrast, most of the painful myocardial ischemia(PMI) developed during climbing stairs, walk and physical exercise. Heart rate during episodes of SMI varied ranging from 85.2+/-13.7/min at rest to 115.5+/-19.2/ min druing climbing stairs. Mean ST-segment depressions during episodes of SMI and PMI were 2.0(1.0-4.0)mm and 2.6(1.2-7.0)mm, respectively, in 6 patients who disclosed both SMI and PMI on 24-hour ECG recordings. However, frequency of ischemic episodes was higher(9.0 vs 2.5/day) and duration was longer(13.8min vs 3.0min) in SMI. These findings indicate that transient SMI in patients with chronic stable angina pectoris occurs more frequently than painful myocardial ischemia. In addition, SMI develops during activities that increase heart rate(increased O2 demand) as well as during activites that do not increase heart rate(decreased O2 supply). Therefore, both O2 demand and supply mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of transient SMI in Patients with chronic stable angina pectoris.
Angina, Stable* ; Chest Pain ; Depression ; Eating ; Electrocardiography ; Exercise ; Hand ; Heart ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Myocardial Ischemia* ; Smoke ; Smoking

The authors analyzed data from 15 patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy to evaluate the hemodynamic changes and left ventricular cineangiogram as compared with normal control. Mean right atrial pressure, right ventricular systolic pressure, mean pulmonary artery pressure and mean pulmonary wedge pressure were signigicantly elevated in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Left ventricular enddiastolic volume was increased in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy(139.9+/-58.73 ml/m2). Cardiac index, left ventricular ejection fraction and circumferential fiber shortening were significantly reduced in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy as compared with normal control(p<0.001). Hypokinetic, diffuse wall motion abnormalities of left ventricle were common in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. A few cases of akinetic or dyskinetic segmental wall motion abnormalities were present. Left ventricular configurations in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy were globe shape(53.4%) as compared with pear core shape(90%) of normal control. Associated mitral regurgitations in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy confirmed by left ventricular cineangiogram were 53.3 percent. Mild to moderate mitral regurgitations were often present(46.6%).
Atrial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated* ; Heart Ventricles ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Pulmonary Artery ; Pulmonary Wedge Pressure ; Pyrus ; Stroke Volume

PURPOSE: This study was to measure the quality of life(QOL) and to identify the related factors in gynecological cancer patients during chemotherapy. METHOD: The subjects of this study were the patients who had undergone a hysterectomy and were admitted for chemotherapy at S university hospital between November 2006 and April 2007. Data was collected from 106 gynecological cancer patients with the use of a structured questionnaire which measured the QOL(FACT-G), body image, the presence of anxiety & depression, uncertainty, and family support. The data was analyzed by the SPSS win 12.0 program. RESULTS: The mean FACT-total score was 62.1(+/-16.7) (range; 26-107). Positive correlations were found between QOL and body image(r= .67, p= .00), and QOL and family support(r= .32, p= .00), whereas there were negative correlations between QOL and anxiety(r= -.54, p= .00), QOL and depression(r= -.70, p= .00), and QOL and uncertainty(r= -.59, p= .00). Fifty seven precent of the variance in subjective overall QOL can be explained by depression, body image, and uncertainty(Adj R2= .57, F=47.00, p= .00). CONCLUSION: Our patients had a relatively low QOL score. Factors significantly affecting quality of life were depression, body image and uncertainty. Nursing interventions, therefore, should be focused on improving QOL in gynecological cancer patients during chemotherapy, particularly so in patients with depression, uncertainty or poor body image.
Anxiety ; Body Image ; Depression ; Drug Therapy* ; Female ; Genital Neoplasms, Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Nursing ; Quality of Life* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Uncertainty

No abstract available.
Mortality* ; Tuberculosis*

There is a definite need for safe and potent intravenously administered anesthetics of .short duration which combine analgesic and sleep-producing effects without significant cardiovascular and respiratory depression. There are many intravenous drugs to choose from and there have been many types of balanced anesthesia, but no one is satisfactory yet. This experimental study was carried out to seek the possibility of some improved features of cardiovascular and respiratory systems, with the combination of propanidid and ketamine, using rabbits as experimental animals. The following results were obtained. 1) Propanidid is freely miscible with ketamine without significant change of pH, colour or any sediment, so it seems that the effects of both drugs may be preserved well. 2) The propanidid-ketamine mixture group shows that ketamine compensates for the depressive effect of propanidid on blood pressure and pulse rate. 3) The propanidid-ketamine mixture group shows that ketamine compensates for the respiratory depression of propanidid to some extent and propanidid alleviates increased muscle tone by ketamine. Taking together the present results, ketamine compensates well the for depressive effects of propanidid on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Thus propanidid-ketamine mixture seems to be a suitable anesthetic.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthetics ; Animals ; Balanced Anesthesia ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Ketamine ; Propanidid ; Rabbits* ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Respiratory System*

No abstract available.
Choledochal Cyst*

No abstract available.
Incontinentia Pigmenti*