BACKGROUND: The study aimed to determine the type of capsular insertion and the extent of capsular elongation in anterior shoulder instability by quantitatively evaluating their computed tomography arthrographic (CTA) findings, and to investigate the correlation of these parameters with surgical outcomes. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 71 patients who underwent CTA and arthroscopic capsulolabral reconstruction for anterior shoulder instability between April 2004 and August 2008. The control group comprised 72 patients diagnosed as isolated type II superior labrum anterior to posterior (SLAP) lesion during the period. Among the 143 patients, 71 were examined with follow-up CTA at an average 13.8 months after surgery. It was measured the capsular length and cross-sectional area at two distinct capsular regions: the 4 and 5 o'clock position of the capsule. RESULTS: With regards to the incidence of the type of anterior capsular insertion, type I was more common in the control group, whereas type III more common than in the instability group. Anterior capsular length and cross-sectional area were significantly greater in the instability group than in the control group. Among patients of the instability group, the number of dislocations and the presence of anterior labroligamentous periosteal sleeve avulsion lesion were significantly associated with anterior capsular redundancy. Postoperatively, recurrence was found in 3 patients (4.2%) and their postoperative capsular length and cross-sectional area were greater than those of patients without recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Capsular insertion type and capsular redundancy derived through CTA may serve as important parameters for the management of anterior shoulder instability.
Arthrography* ; Dislocations ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Joint Instability ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Shoulder*

No abstract available.
Foreign Bodies* ; Granuloma, Foreign-Body* ; Lipectomy*

No abstract available.
Dapsone* ; Hand* ; Neutrophils* ; Skin Diseases*

No abstract available.
Dapsone* ; Hand* ; Neutrophils* ; Skin Diseases*

PURPOSE: This study was done to identify predictors of the fighting spirit or helplessness/hopelessness in the patients' mental adjustment to cancer. Cancer patients' characteristics like performance status, metastasis and duration of diagnosis with demographic factors, spiritual support and social support were used as predictors of a fighting spirit or helplessness/hopelessness. METHODS: A total of 124 ambulatory cancer patients completed the Mental Adjustment to Cancer (MAC) scale and responded in a structured instrument about their characteristics, spiritual and social support. RESULTS: The results of multiple regression analysis revealed that confidence in the supporter (R2=.114, p=.000), duration of cancer diagnosis (R2=.041, p=.000) and faith (R2=.030, p=.000) were predictive of a fighting spirit (R2=.185, p=.000); whereas, education (R2=.074, p=.001), performance status (R2=.055, p=.000), satisfaction with social support (R2=.046, p=.000), and metastasis (R2=.037, p=.000) were predictive of helplessness/hopelessness (R2=.202, p=.000). CONCLUSION: Social support, spiritual support and disease related factors like metastasis, performance status, and duration of cancer diagnosis need to be considered in a psychosocial nursing intervention for a fighting spirit or helplessness/hopelessness.
*Adaptation, Psychological ; Adult ; Aged ; Emotions ; Female ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Male ; Mental Health ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neoplasms/*psychology ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Quality of Life ; Questionnaires ; Social Support

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to analyze 1,068 cases of prenatal genetic amniocentesis and to compare the results with reported studies. METHOD: We analyzed 1,068 cases of midtrimester prenatal genetic amniocenteses from September 1994 to February 1999, and investigated the fetal chromosomal abnormality, obstetric outcomes and complications by the indications of genetic amniocentesis and prophylactic antibiotic use at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ajou University School of Medicine. RESULTS: Abnormal maternal serum markers were the most common indication of amniocentesis (57.7%) and the most common age distribution was 25-29 years (39.2%). One case of early amniocentesis (14 gestational weeks) was performed. The overall incidence of chromosomal aberration was 5.2% (56/1,068), of which there were 28 cases (50.0%; 28/56) of numerical aberrations and 28 cases (50.0%; 28/56) of structural aberrations. There were 50 cases (4.7%) of autosomal chromosomal aberrations and 6 cases (0.6%) of sex chromosomal aberrations. The pregnancy outcome was full-term delivery in 86.5%, preterm delivery in 7.6%, termination of pregnancy in 4.0%. There were no cases of serious complications including fetal death except for a case of self-limited amniotic fluid leakage(high leakage) in which the pregnancy was maintained. There were no significant differences between prophylactic antibiotics user group and non-user group in obstetric complications and outcomes. CONCLUSION: We could confirm that the trend in the indication of genetic amniocentesis had changed from advanced maternal age(35 year-old) toward abnormal maternal serum marker(triple test), and we recognized the importance of genetic amniocentesis according to the various antenatal screening tests of maternal serum marker, antenatal ultrasound, past history of fetal anomaly or family history of fetal chromosomal anomaly in the younger age groups(< 35 year-old) that are involved in more than half of the chromosomal anomaly. Further study will be needed to elucidate the efficacy of using prophylactic antibiotics in amniocentesis.
Age Distribution ; Amniocentesis* ; Amniotic Fluid ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Biomarkers ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Female ; Fetal Death ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Obstetrics ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Ultrasonography

The androgen insensitivity syndrome is a heterogeneous disorder with a wide spectrum of phenotypic abnormalities, ranging from complete female to ambiguous forms that more closely resembles males. Mutations of the androgen receptor gene are responsible for a variable degree of impaired androgen action. The complete androgen insensitivity syndrome is characterized by normal female external appearance in spite of the normal male karyotype 46XY with testes and normal testosterone production and metabolism. This is transmitted by X-linked recessive manner. Wolffian duct does not develop. However, m llerian development does not occur in presence of antim llerian hormone activity. Recently we experienced a case of complete androgen insenditirity syndrome. We reported a case with concerned literatures.
Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome* ; Female ; Humans ; Karyotype ; Male ; Metabolism ; Receptors, Androgen ; Testis ; Testosterone ; Wolffian Ducts

PURPOSE: The clinical characteristics and post-operative prognosis of dissociated vertical deviation (DVD) combined with exotropia was evaluated. METHOD & MATERIALS: The clinical appearance such as the frequency of DVD, vision, amount of deviation, stereoacuity, sensory abnormality, the presence of latent nystagmus, head tilting and operation results were evaluated in patients who were diagnosed with comitant exotropia followed by surgical correction with 3 month follow-up. RESULTS: Eight (16.0%) patients had exotropia combined with DVD, the combined DVD showed an angle of vertical deviation 15.88+/-7.26 delta, for the right eye and 13.50+/-6.55 deltafor the left eye in the primary position. All but 1 patient showed subnormal stereoacuity in the Titmus stereopsis test and most showed suppression in near and far in the Worth 4 dot test. Four (50%) patients were associated with latent nystagmus and one (12.5%) patient showed head tilting. Three months after the operation, all patients showed a residual DVD under 8 delta. CONCLUSION: DVD is frequently combined with exotropia and is associated with decreased stereoacuity, latent nystagmus, head tilting, inferior oblique overaction (IOOA), and superior oblique overaction (SOOA). DVD showed no relation to the amount of deviation of exotropia but was usually associated with a small angle of exotropia (<25 delta) or large angle of exotropia (> or =50 delta). The correction of DVD with exotropia showed satisfactory results.
Depth Perception ; Exotropia* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Humans ; Prognosis

No abstract available.
Lichen Nitidus* ; Lichens*

PURPOSE: To assess the myotoxicity of local anesthetics and antibiotics which are considered as the main causes of diplopia and extraocular motility disturbance following cataract surgery. METHODS: A total of 48 rabbits were classified into 4 groups. The control group received an injection of 0.3 ml normal saline in the subconjunctival space above the superior rectus muscle. The first experimental group received an injection of the same amount of a local anesthetic (2% lidocaine) in the same manner as the control group. The second group received an injection of 0.3 ml of a local anesthetic directly into the extraocular muscle (superior rectus muscle), the third group received an injection of 0.3 ml of an antibiotic (gentamicin) in the subconjunctival space above the superior rectus muscle. Histologic and electron microscopic changes following injections were compared over time in each group. RESULTS: Light microscopic findings showed that subconjunctival injections of antibiotics caused the most severe inflammatory and fibrotic reactions of the muscular fascicle, whereas subconjunctival injections of local anesthetics led to the least damage of the muscular fascicle and less infiltration of inflammatory cells. Changes in histological findings showed that necrotic muscle fibers and inflammatory cell infiltration at 1 week following injections. Basophilic myogenous satellite cells indicating regeneration of the damaged muscles appeared thereafter. At 2 and 4 weeks, the group injected with antibiotic showed local and consistent infiltration of inflammatory cells and fibrosis, whereas the groups injected with anesthetics showed regeneration of most of the damaged fascicle. CONCLUSIONS: In terms of temporary or permanent diplopia following an injection of local anesthetics or antibiotics after cataract surgery, toxicity of anesthetics or antibiotics on extraocular muscle is the main cause from these Results.
Anesthetics ; Anesthetics, Local ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Basophils ; Cataract* ; Diplopia* ; Fibrosis ; Gentamicins ; Lidocaine ; Muscles ; Rabbits ; Regeneration