A corticocancellous core was removed from both femurs and tibias in 5 skeletally immature pigs. The cavity was treated with 5%, 25% phenol cautery, cryosurgery, and normal saline irrigation (control). The animals were sacrified after 7days. The extent of the bone necrosis was assessed by gross examination, simple radiography, MRI evaluation and histological examination with tissue mapping. After cryosurgery, the extent of necrosis was most profound in the depth of 2.0-9.0mm beyond the cavity wall. The effect of 25%-phenol was next to cryosurgery, with a depth of 1.0-3.0mm of necrosis. 5%-phenol made necrosis with the depth of 1.0-2.5mm. Very mild degree of necrosis with the width of 0.5-1.0mm was found along the cavity wall even in control group. On MRI, signal change was well visualized on T2 weighted coronal section and it was quite coincided with the extent of bone necrosis proved by histological tissue mapping to all cases. When the epiphyseal plate was open or very close to the cavity, curettage itself, 5%- and 25%-phenol cautery and cryosurgery all produced mild ischemic necrosis along the provisional calcification zone of physeal plate. These findings suggest that cryosurgery made more profound necrosis beyond cavity than phenol cautery and MRI is very sensitive and specific to find osteonecrosis along the cavity wall after phenol cautery or cryosurgery. When epiphyseal plate is open or very close to the cavity, phenol cautery, or cryosurgery, or even curettage itself could produce an ischemic necrosis to the physeal plate itself.
Animals ; Cautery* ; Cryosurgery* ; Curettage ; Femur* ; Growth Plate ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Necrosis* ; Osteonecrosis ; Phenol* ; Radiography ; Swine ; Tibia*

No abstract available.
Diskectomy*

No abstract available.
Diskectomy*

No abstract available.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis* ; Lung Abscess* ; Lung* ; Mucormycosis*

PURPOSE: To differentiate the genes that are up-regulated or down-regulated and the cellular morphology in the corneal stromal cells between normal and diabetic rat. METHODS: After isolation with trizol (GIBCO, NY, USA), labeling and purification of complementary DNA(cDNA) probes were carried out using Atlas(TM) Glass Microarrays 1.0. RESULTS: Autoradiographic analysis showed that 35 genes were up-regulated and 8 genes were down-regulated by Atlas Image(TM) Software. Up-regulated genes were as calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase I, proteasome 26S subunit 1, prostaglandin F receptor. Down-regulated genes were aquaporin 8, cytochrome c oxidase polypeptide Vb, glypican 1. CONCLUSIONS: There were many differential genes in hormone receptor, voltage gated ion channels, oncogenes and tumor suppressors, G protein between normal and diabetic keratocyte of rat.
Animals ; Cornea* ; Electron Transport Complex IV ; Glass ; Glypicans ; GTP-Binding Proteins ; Ion Channels ; Oncogenes ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex ; Protein Kinases ; Rats* ; Stromal Cells

BACKGROUND: Living related liver transplantation (LRLT) has gained acceptance as treatment modality for children with end-stage liver disease. The left lobe used in LRLT doesn't provide adequate parenchymal mass for its application to adults. We have used right lobe for LRLT in adults. Some criticism has been aroused becuase of the potential significant risk to the donors. METHODS: We analyzed the surgical risk and the stress to 20 donors in a right lobectomy for LRLT. We also analyzed anatomical points for safe harvest, and we describe techincal points based on anatomical variations. RESULTS: There were no deaths, and 6 major complications (3 bleeding, 1 perihepatic fluid collection, 1 pleural effusion, and 1 bile peritonitis after removal of the T-tube) occurred in 6 patients. Liver function was normalized within 2 weeks. There were anatomical variations in the hepatic vein, the portal vein, and the bile duct, especially the right inferior hepatic vein (55%), trifurcation of the portal vein (10%), low inserion of the right posterior bile duct into the common hepatic duct (10%), and separate insertion of the right anterior bile duct and right posterior bile duct into the hepatic duct (10%). We made a vena cava patch for the right inferior hepatic vein. In cases of the low insertion of the right posterior hepatic duct into the common hepatic duct, the cholecystectomy should be done carefully so as not to injure the right posterior hepatic duct. We ligated and divided the right posterior bile duct before dissection of the hepatic artery and the portal vein. In cases of trifurcation of the portal vein, closure of the left portal vein should be done to prevent the narrowing of the left portal vein lumen. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that a right lobectomy for LRLT is safe for donors. However, anatomical variations in the bile duct, the hepatic vein, and the portal vein should be kept in mind to ensure a safe and successful operation.
Adult* ; Bile ; Bile Ducts ; Child ; Cholecystectomy ; Hemorrhage ; Hepatic Artery ; Hepatic Duct, Common ; Hepatic Veins ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; Liver Transplantation* ; Liver* ; Living Donors* ; Peritonitis ; Pleural Effusion ; Portal Vein ; Tissue Donors

We report a case of hydrocephalus in a 8-year-old boy who presented bilateral hand tremor. The hydrocephalus was caused by the aqueductal stenosis due to expanding lacunae in the mesencephalothalamic area on MR findings. The tremor was improved after CSF drainage by spinal tap and ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The authors present the possible mechanism of hydrocephalus induced tremor.
Child ; Drainage ; Hand ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus* ; Male ; Spinal Puncture ; Tremor* ; Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to examine the difference in dental care utilization between diabetics (diabetes group) and nondiabetics (normal group). METHODS: We examined the data of 5108 subjects enrolled in the Korea Health Panel Survey, every year for three years between 2010 and 2012. Of these, 458 subjects were included in the diabetes group and 458 in the normal group using the propensity score matching method to control confounding variables. To compare dental care utilization by the diabetes and normal groups, we examined the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using a generalized estimating equation. RESULTS: We found that the odds of dental care utilization by the diabetes group compared with the normal group was significantly high (OR=1.82, 95% CI: 1.60-2.09). The result was consistent according to sensitivity analysis (OR=1.96, 95% CI: 1.63-2.35). CONCLUSIONS: Dental care utilization by the diabetes group was 82% higher than that by the normal group. Therefore, patients with diabetes need to be more concerned about oral health care.
Confounding Factors (Epidemiology) ; Dental Care* ; Humans ; Korea* ; Methods ; Odds Ratio ; Oral Health ; Propensity Score

The authors experienced on the use of bovine bone in 3 cases of interbody fusion employing the Cloward technique. Two patients were cervical fracture-dislocation and one patient was a case of lumbar spondylolysis. With use of bovine bone, iliac osteotomy is unnecessary, and this procedure is no problem of donor site pain and infection which can be possible in interbody fusion with iliac bone and rib graft. With the use of bovine bone the additional advantages are. 1) The operative procedure is simplified. 2) The time required for the operation is diminished. 3) Patient meralgia is eliminated completely. 4) The surgeon can have uniformly sized bones of a proven hardness on hand. 5) The epidural bleeding is showed through lattice of bovine bone.
Hand ; Hardness ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Osteotomy ; Ribs ; Spondylolysis ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants

PURPOSE: Calcific lesion of the hand is infrequently recognized, presenting with severe pain and swelling of the affected joint. The purpose of this study is to describe clinical features associated with this condition by reviewing surgically treated patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out in 11 patients who had operation clinical and radiographic data were collected by medical records. RESULTS: Eight patients were females and three were males with age ranging between 27-75 years (mean: 48 years). By location, five cases of interphalangeal joint, three cases of metacarpophalangeal joint of thumb, two cases of carpal tunnel and one case of distal ulna area were noted. Interval between symptom presentation and operation was 9.4 month (range: 6-18 month). During 10 month follow-up (range: 6-12 month), recurrence had not occurred. CONCLUSION: Although the prevalence of calcific lesion of hand and wrist is low, it may cause severe pain and swelling. If conservative treatment fails or any nerve compression symptom develops, surgical removal of the calcific lesion is recommended.
Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hand ; Humans ; Joints ; Male ; Metacarpophalangeal Joint ; Prevalence ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Thumb ; Ulna ; Wrist