BACKGROUND: A fully automated enzyme-immunoassay (EIA) analyzer, Enzymun System, ES-300 (Boehringer Mannheim, Germany) uses streptavidin technology and performs single test or panels of up to 12 tests per run. We evaluated the results of ES-300 for anti-HCV by comparing the results with microplate-EIA, radioimmunoassay (RIA), and confirmatory test. METHODS: Total 79 sera (51 positive, 24 negative, 4 indeterminate results confirmed by Lucky HCD Confirm) were analysed. ES-300 with Enzymun-Test(R) Anti-HCV (Boehringer Mannheim, Germany) and microplate-EIA (Green Cross Center Innotest HCV 3.0(R)) were used. Fifty one sera were examined additionally by 2nd-generation RIA method, NANBDINE 125C(General Biologicals Corp., R.O.C.). And all results were compared to the results of Lucky HCD Confirm. RESULTS: The overall concordance rate of ES-300 and Innotest(R) was 72/79 (91.1%). The results of Lucky HCD Confirm on seven discrepant samples were five negative and two indeterminate. The results of ES-300 and NANBDINE 125C showed concordance rate of 90.2%. The sensitivity and specificity of ES-300 with regard to Lucky HCD Confirm were 94.5%, and 87.5%, respectively, and that of Innotest(R) were 98.2% and 66.7%, respectively. Clear distinction of positive and negative results by signal/cut off ratio was available in both EIAs. The positive predictive values of ES-300 and Innotest(R) were 94.5%, and 87.1%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: ES-300 showed relatively good results in sensitivity and positive predictive value with regard to confirmatory test. In EIA-positive persons, however, follow-up study would be necessary for reliable evaluation of HCV infection.
Humans ; Radioimmunoassay ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Streptavidin

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Cervix Uteri* ; Female

No abstract available.
Animals ; Colon* ; Colonic Neoplasms* ; Oncogenes* ; Point Mutation* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Leiomyoma*

OBJECTIVE: The clinical value of preoperative serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen(SCC) in relation to clinical stage, tumor volume, disease extent and prognosis has already reported in many papers. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between preoperative SCC level and pelvic lymph node metastasis. Matrials and METHODS: From March 1995 to December 1998, 157 patients who examined pretreatment SCC levels before undergoing radical hysterectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix were included. The effect of pelvic lymph node status on the SCC level was examined by comparing 125 cases with cancer limited uterus or upper vagina and 32 cases with cancer confined to the uterus (including upper vagina) and pelvic lymph node using multivariate analysis. RESULTS: 90% of patients without pelvic lymph node metastasis showed SCC levels of 2.9ng/ml or below. 60.7% of patients with serum SCC level more than 2.9ng/ml exhibited pelvic lymph node metastasis. The marker values exceeding 2.9ng/ml increased risk of nodal metastasis 5 times compared with serum level 2.9ng/ml or below. Multivariate analysis confirmed that the pelvic lymph node metastasis had a large impact on the marker level than did tumor size or depth of stromal infilteration. CONCLUSION: SCC levels greater than 2.9ng/ml can be considered a high risk zone for nodal metastasis
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Cervix Uteri ; Female ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Lymph Nodes ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Prognosis ; Tumor Burden ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms* ; Uterus ; Vagina

BACKGROUND: Recent DNA polymorphism analysis using numerous DNA markers has been used to determine the parental origin of the extra chromosome 21 in Down syndrome. In this study we used seven dinucleotide repeat polymorphisms on chromosome 21 to characterize a case of rea(21q21q) and to know whether it is consistent with an isochromosome or a true Robertsonian translocation. METHODS: Cytogenetic investigation was done by conventional G banding DNA was extracted from whole blood of a proband and her parents and was amplified by PCR using seven sets of (GT)n repeat dinucleotide markers located on the long arm of chromosome 21 After electrophoresis of the PCR product in polyacrylamide gel and silver staining the parental origin and number of DNA copy were determined by visual comparison of the band intensities within and between individuals. RESULTS: Conventional cytogenetics showed that the proband had a 46.XX.re(21q21q) chromosome pattern. Parental chromosome studies were normal, therefore, the rearrangement was a de novo event. All seven DNA markers showed one or two alleles, demonstrating rea(21q21q) to be an isochromosome. For D21S215 and D21S156 markers both parents were heterozygous and the proband inherited one copy of paternal allele and two copies of maternal allele which both parents did not share. This finding was consistent with a maternally derided isochromosome. CONCLUSION: Use of dinucleotide repeat DNA polymorphisms after PCR amplification will be very useful to detect the parental origin of additional chromosome 21 or rearrangement of chromosome 21 in Down syndrome. Besides employing siltier staining of a PCR product we will be able to avoid using of radioisotopes and apply to clinical laboratory diagnosis.
Alleles ; Arm ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; Cytogenetics ; Dinucleotide Repeats* ; DNA ; Down Syndrome ; Electrophoresis ; Genetic Markers ; Humans ; Isochromosomes ; Parents ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Radioisotopes ; Silver Staining

OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to compare health value cognition and health promotion behavior compliance between healthy group and not being healthy group, and to evaluate the difference of health promotion behaviors compliance between high group and low group in health value cognition. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 565 workers, 233 healthy workers, 172 observation cases and 160 disease cases, selected from 4,919 transit coporations workers. RESULTS: In health promoting behavior compliance, not being healthy group showed lower level than healthy group in exercise and showed higher level than healthy group in interpersonal support significantly. A worker who replied on health as the most value in life was consisted in 37.3% of healthy group and 36. 1% of not being healthy group, Health value cognition according to general characteristics showed no significant difference except only variable of age in healthy group. Health promoting behavior compliance according to cognition of health value showed in healthy group that a high level group of health value cognition was more significant difference than a low level group in self actualization and health responsibility of health promoting behavior and didn't show difference significantly in not being healthy group. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the relationship between health value cognition, health promotion behavior compliance and periodic health examination results showed weakly. Therefore, in order to develop and apply spontaneous health promotion program, it was considered that should emphasize compliance than cognition.
Cognition* ; Compliance ; Health Promotion*

We evaluated the muscle fiber characteristics, the mean proportion of muscle fiber types and its range of individual difference in human vertebral muscle. Muscle samples used were from subjects who had a relatively brief history of spinal dysfunction such as compression fracture, disc hernia etc., and obtained from precisely defined superficial and deep sites on both sides of the vertebral column. In particular, samples were collected from three different levels of the column and flash-frozen sections of biopsied adult vertebral muscles were stained for H–E, trichrome, PAS, regular and reversed myosin ATPase, and SDH. Discrimination of muscle fiber types in H–E and trichrome stained sections was not evident. Three types of muscle fibers were, however, evident in PAS-stained sections according to the degree of positivity in observed vertebral muscles. The mean proportion of musele fiber types was different in regular and reversed myosin ATPase, and SDH stains and the majority of fiber types in human vertebral muscles was type I in three different levels of vertebral clumn. There was a decreasing tendency in percentage of type I fibers at both superficial and deep levels as the vertebral column descended. The size of muscle fibers was relatively larger in deep levels than in superficial levels of vertebral muscles. The human vertebral muscle showed moderately individual and regional differences in the mean size of fiber types. The evaluation for the combination patterns of various enzyme histochemical activities showed that the common musele fiber types(type I, II A and II B) were moderately reduced in the mean proportions and unusual rare muscle fiber types increased in number. And the decreasing tendency in the mean proportion of type as the vertebral column descended was not evident in the combination patterns of histochemical activities
Adult ; Coloring Agents ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Fractures, Compression ; Hernia ; Humans ; Individuality ; Muscles ; Myosins ; Spine

Laparotomy performed for resection of hepatoma in 34 cases at Seoul National University Hospital for 3 .5years since Oct. 1978. Resection of hepatoma was done in 21 cases, ligation with or without canulation of hepaticartery was performed in 12 cases, and open and closure was made in 1 case. Angiographic findins were analyzed forresectability of hepatoma. The results of hte analysis were as follows; 1. Most reliable signs for resectablehepatoma were peripheral location and confinement in one hepatic lobe. Most reliable signs for non-resectablehepatoma were presence of tumor thrombus in portal vein, bilateral hepatic arterial feeding. 2. Less reliablesigns for resectable hepatoma were absence of portal vein invasion, less than 10cm in size and absence of findingsof liver cirrhosis. Less reliable signs for non-resectable hepatoma were right or left massive type. 3. Presenceof arteriovenous fistula, more than 10cm in size, and presence of findings of liver cirrhosis were no reliablecriteria for resectability of hepatoma. 4. Predictability for resectability with those reliable signs ofangiography was around 80%. 5. In addition to routine celiac angiography, oblique celiac angiography or superiormesenteric arteriography for portal vein opacification will be helpful in order to obtaine highly reliable signsfor resectability of hepatoma.
Angiography ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Laparotomy ; Ligation ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Portal Vein ; Seoul ; Thrombosis