This study was designed for the evaluation of the mean proportions and range of individual difference of muscle fiber types in human Gastrocneminus, Soleus, Peroneus longus and Tibialis anterior muscles, respectively. Flash-frozen muscle sections obtained from 15 cadavers were stained for H&E, trichrome, PAS, regular & reversed myosin ATPase, succinic dehydrogenase (SDH), acid phosphatase (Ac-Pase) and alkaline phosphatase (Alk-Pase). The results obtained were as follows. 1) Differentiation of muscle fiber types was not evident in H&E and trichrome stained specimen. Three types of muscle fibers were, however, evident in PAS-stained sections according to the degree of positivity in observed skeletal muscles. 2) Two fiber types (Types I and II) were only differentiated and the predominant muscle fiber type was type I by regular myosin ATPase reaction in Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Peroneus longus and Tibialis anterior muscles. 3) Three muscle fiber types (Type I, IIa and IIb) were, however, differentiated and the predominant muscle fiber type was type IIa, contrary to patterns of regular myosin ATPase in skeletal muscles except for Soleus muscle by reversed myosin ATPase stains. Only two muscle fiber types (Type I and II) and predominant type I fibers were shown in Soleus muscle. 4) SDH stains showed three types of muscle fiber except Soleus muscle. The mean proportions(%) of type 1 fibers were 48.0% in Gastrocnemius, 62.3% in Soleus, 40.8% in Peroneus longus, and 39.8% in Tibialis anterior muscles, respectively. 5) The mean proportions (%) of muscle fiber types in human skeletal muscles were markedly different, according to individuals and various enzyme histochemical stains. 6) The size of muscle fibers was relatevely small in type I fibers compared with type IIb. 7) Evaluation for the combination patterns of various enzyme histochemical activities showed that the common muscle fiber types (Type I, IIa and IIb) were markedly reduced in the mean proportions and unusual rare muscle fibers predominant. This predominance of unusual muscle fiber types and marked discrepancy in muscle fiber types between regular and reversed myosin ATPase seemed to be ascribed to decreased muscle enzyme activities following postmortem period.
Humans

No abstract available.

We developed Extor pins for Extor external fixator, it made of stainless steel and applied it clinically to manage open fractures and chronic osteomyelitis from December, 1993 to January, 1995. The main aim of present study is to compare the mechanical strength and biocompatibillity between Extor pins and AO Schanz pins, and to determine the safety and possibility of clinical use. We performed the biomechanical test for bending, tension, and shearing of pin itself using universal testing machine (LR5OK) and pullout test in cadeveric cortical femur to determine the bone holding power. There was no significant difference between Extor and AO Schanz pin (p>0.05). Clinically, the incidence of pin site infection, pin lossening, radiological rarefaction, and pathological change were not different significantly (p>0.05). Although Extor pins are somewhat different from AO Shanz pins in material and design characteristics, we can find the safety and possibility of clinical use of Extor pins made in Korea.
External Fixators* ; Femur ; Fractures, Open ; Incidence ; Korea ; Osteomyelitis ; Stainless Steel

Ki-1 lymphoma is a rare, large cell anaplastic non Hodgkin's lymphoma. It expresses the CD30 antigen and is recognized by the antibodies Ki-1. This Ki-1 positive anaplastic lymphoma was first described in 1985 as a new histological subtype and was added to the updated Kiel classification in 1988. Morphological and immunological features of this lymphoma have been well described, but clinical studies have been limited and follow up has been short. The authors report a case of Ki-1 lymphoma of the skin without systemic involvement in a young adult based on clinical, pathological and immunological features.
Antibodies ; Antigens, CD30 ; Classification ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphoma* ; Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; Skin ; Young Adult*

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of fentanyl and midazolam on in vitro fertilization rate and early embryo development in a mouse IVF model. METHODS: Mouse oocytes were exposed in vitro to fentanyl at a concentration of 0(control), 50, 250, 500, 1000, 5000 pg/ml, and midazolam, 0(control), 2.5, 12.5, 25, 50, 250 ng/ml for 30 minutes, washed and inseminated. Thereafter fertilization was assessed. And subsequent in vitro development to the blastocyst stage was monitored daily. RESULTS: Where fertilization occurred, subsequent embryo cleavage and development up to the blastocyst stage was affected significantly by the presence of fentanyl and midazolam solution in the medium(i.e., 14% to 31%, 10% to 35%), in comparison with control group( 60%, 62%). CONCLUSION: It can be concluded from these experiments that even a brief exposure of cumulus enclosed oocytes to a low concentration of fentanyl, midazolam is deleterious to subsequent cleavage.
Anesthetics ; Animals ; Blastocyst ; Embryonic Development ; Embryonic Structures* ; Female ; Fentanyl* ; Fertilization ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Mice* ; Midazolam* ; Oocytes ; Pregnancy

In thirteen adult male patient with scaphoid nonunion associated with DISI(Dorsal intercalated Segment Instability) defined as scapholunate angle is greater than 70 degrees of the radiolunate angle is greater than 10 degrees, anterior interpostitional bone grafting has been performed. Surgical procedure: 1) Closed reduction of lunate(reduction of DISI) by volar flexing of the wrist and holding the position by Kirschner wire inserted obliquely through the radial styloid to lunate. 2) Radical curettage of nonunion site and intraoperative measurement of the gap in the scaphoid through volar approach. 3) A bicortical wedge shaped graft from the iliac crest was then impacted between the fragments. 4) Temporary K-wire fixation of the grafted scaphoid from the scaphoid tubercle to prevent distortion of nonunion site and loss of fixation. 5) A Herbert screw was then inserted. Results: Mean patient age was 24.5 years, and mean duration of nonunion before surgery was 19.4 months. Mean follow-up time was 22.6 months. The nonunion involved the middle one-third of scaphoid in 11 patients and distal one-third in 2 patients. The mean postoperative grip strength was 39.4kg by Dynamometer(PC-5303J). The mean postoperative range of motion was volar flexion 50.5 degrees; dorsiflexion 47.3 degrees. The scaphlunate angle decreased from a mean of 78.8 preoperatively to 52.9 degrees postoperatively. The radiolunate angle was decresed from a mean of 16.8 degrees prope- ratively to a mean of 1.8 degrees postoperatively. Union was obtained in all 13 cases, According to Herbert and Fisher's formulation, 2 excellent, 10 good and 1 fair results were obtained from our study. The results of the series suggest that treatment of scaphoid nonunion associated with DISI by this method is an effective method that reconstitutes scaphoid anatomy and promotes excellent wrist function.
Adult ; Bone Transplantation ; Curettage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hand Strength ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Transplants ; Wrist

No abstract available.
Humans ; Iron* ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory*

BACKGROUND: Most current reseatch using prognostic scoring systems in critically ill patients have focused o prediction using the first intensive care unit(ICU) day data or daily updated data. Usually the mean ICU length of stay in Korea is longer than in the western world. Consequently, a more cost-effective and practical prognostic parameter is required. The principal aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of the seventh day(7th day : the average mean ICU length of stay) APACHE III score in a medical intensive care unit. METHODS: 241 medical ICU patients from July 1997 to April 1998 were enrolled. The 1st and 7th scores were measured by using the APACHE III scoring system and compared between survivors and non-survivors. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship between the 1st and 7th APACHE III scores and the mortality risk. RESULTS: 1) The mean length of stay in the ICU was 10.3±13.8 days. 2) The mean 1st and 7th day APACHE III scores were 59.7±30.9 and 37.9±27.7. 3) The mean 1st day APACHE III scores was significantly lower in survivors than in non- survivors(49.9±23.8 vs 86.3±32.3 P<0.0001). 4) The mean 7th day APACHE III scores was significantly lower in survivors than in non- survivors(30.1±18.5 vs 80.1±30.4, P<0.0001). 5) The odds ratios among the 1st and 7th day APACHE III scores and the mortality rate were 1.0507 and 1.0779 respectively. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the seventh day APACHE III scores is as useful in predicting the outcome as is such like the first day APACHE III score. Therefore, in comparison to the daily APACHE III score, measuring the 1st and 7th day APACHE III scores are also useful for predicting the prognosis of critically ill patients in terms of cost-effectiveness. It is suggested that the 7th day APACHE III score is useful for predicting the clinical outcome.
APACHE* ; Critical Illness ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units* ; Critical Care* ; Korea ; Length of Stay ; Logistic Models ; Mortality ; Odds Ratio ; Prognosis ; Survivors ; Western World

No abstract available.
Cryptococcosis* ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung*

No abstract available.
Cryptococcosis* ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung*