The normal values of glycogen contents in skeletal muscles in commonly used experimental animals and men were studied. In addtion, this study was designed to know the relationship between amount of exercise and glycogen content in muscle, and to know the causes of species difference. Glycogen contents were determined in quadriceps, gastrocnemius, and triceps in mouse, rat, rabbit, and man. The results of this study as follows: The value of glycogen content in human skeletal muscle is significantly higher than that of experimental animals. The heavier the body weight of experimental animal, the higher the value of glycogen content in each muscle. The value of glycogen content in gastrocnemius is higher than that of quadriceps. The value of glycogen content in quadriceps is higher than that of triceps.
Animals ; Body Weight ; Glycogen ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Rats ; Reference Values

Foot drop from paralysis of the muscles of the anterior and lateral compartments of the leg is common in leprosy. Surgical correction of foot drop in leprosy appears to have been neglected until Brand pointed out that anterior transposition of the tibialis posterior tendon to the intermediate cuneiform bone gave encouraging results. Many methods of correcting the functional problems associated with a foot drop have been tried with the object of providing a foot that is stable and socially acceptable. Fifteen cases of foot drop admitted to the Hospital of Leprosy Mission in Taegu, Korea during past 3 years from 1965 to 1968 were reviewed.
Daegu ; Foot ; Korea ; Leg ; Leprosy ; Muscles ; Paralysis ; Tarsal Bones ; Tendons

Malgaigne fracture is relatively rare and has many difficult problems for treatment. The author reviewed 15 cases of Malgaigne fracture treated at the orthopedic department of Kyungpook National University Hospital during the period from January 1963 to July 1969, and analyzed as to the cause of injury by mechanical forces, type of fracture, average duration for treatment, complication and end results. The clinical results were obtained as follows: 1. The causes of injury were mostly traffic accident (66.6%), cool miner accident (20%) and falling and stumbling(13.4%). 2. Males are roughly 5 times more frequent than females and almostly 4th to 5th decade of life. 3. Vertical shear type is the most common type in this series and had not been experienced the type of total pelvic disruption. 4. The most common complication is bladder and urethral injury and experienced a case of multiple long bone fracture. 5. All cases were treated by skeletal traction except 2 cases which were treated by skin traction. 6 Time of traction is 8 to 16 weeks (average 12 weeks) and observation was done 10 of 15 cases for 2 to 25 months (average 15 months).
Accidental Falls ; Accidents, Traffic ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Male ; Miners ; Orthopedics ; Skin ; Traction ; Urinary Bladder

Sixty fracture patients (98 fractures) with spastic paralysis due to brain damage have been treated and managed at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital during the 3 years period from June 1970 to June 1973. The authors experenced many problems such as nonunion, malunion which results of spasticity and exuberant callus formation. Up to now, there has been a few literatures regarding in the particular field. They were analysed clinically and the results of this study are as follows: 1. Immobilization of fracture site was unstable due to repeated and continued severe muscle spasm and many cases developed severe deformity which necessitated secondary correction. 2. The cases were handled with conservative or operative method according to the patients condition and less deformities were found in the cases which treated with skeletal traction. 3. Exuberant callus formation was observed very frequently in the healing stage of fractures associated with spastic paralysis. 4. In order to detect of inducing factors of exuberant callus formation, the authors studied blood chemistries including calcium, phosphorus, alkalinephosphatase and acid-phosphatase of the patients but no significant changes were found.
Bony Callus ; Brain ; Calcium ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Methods ; Muscle Spasticity ; Neurosurgery ; Orthopedics ; Paralysis ; Phosphorus ; Spasm ; Traction

A clinical analysis was done on 23 patients (24 hips) with fracture of the femoral neck, who had been admitted and treated at our Orthopedic department during the period of 4 years, from Jan. 1984 to May 1988. The results were as follows 1. 23 patients were comprised of 4 males and 19 females, and 11 patients were over 65 years old. 2. 18 cases of 24 cases were due to minor traumas such as slipping down, and for over 65 years old, all cases were due to simple minor traumas, 8 cases were showed a severe osteoporosis, below grade 3 of the Singh's index. 3. 14 cases of 24 cases were displaced subcapital fractures, and 6 cases displaced transcervical fractures. Only 4 cases were the undisplaced transcervical fractures. 4. In treatment of fractures internal fixations after manipulation were performed in 14 cases and primary arthroplasties in 10 cases. Secondary arthroplasties were done in complicated 4 cases of 14 cases treated with internal fixations. 5. Complications after internal fixation were developed in 7 cases out of 14 cases, avascular necrosis in 6, nonunions in 2, pin migrations in 3, and metal failure in 1 case. 6. In 14 arthroplasty immediate surgical fitness of femoral stem were related to late loosening of femoral stem (correlation coefficient γ=–0.68, p<0.01).
Arthroplasty ; Clinical Study* ; Female ; Femoral Neck Fractures* ; Femur Neck* ; Femur* ; Humans ; Male ; Necrosis ; Orthopedics ; Osteoporosis

It has been known that the inducing factors of low back pain are numerous such as songenitaI anormalies, degenerative, traumatic and inflamatory pricess of the spine and its adjacent structures. Despite many relevant literatures upon low back pain, it has been also known that to differentiate causes of low back pain is difficult but very important for treatment. Exclusive of those who had defenite trauma history of spine, 704 cases low back pain in adult, treated at Dept. of Orthopedic surgery Kyungpook University Hospital during recent 3yr & 4 months were reviewed and analyzed by the X-ray findings of lumbar spine. Anterioposterior and Iateral films of lumbar spine were available in each cases but oblique fiIms and myelography was also available as indicated, The results obtained were as follows. 1. The roentgenograms of the spine of 704 cases were reviewed. 494 cases revealed structual changes of the spine. 273 cases were non specific. 2. Of 494 cases reavold structual changes, 273 cases were disease entities, 190 cases were bony abnormalities, and combined cases were 67. 3. Among 273 cases of disease, disc herniation was most common except osteoarthritis(32cases) Tuberculous, spondylolitis, 23cases and pyogenic spondylolitis was 3 cases. 4. Among 257 cases of Bony afnormalities, spina bifida was most common (128 cases). 5. Degenerative changes of the spine was appeared in 3rd. decades (4.8%) and the incidence and severity increased with age. 6. Among 34 cases of multiple abnormalities, 33 cases were combined with spina bifida.
Abnormalities, Multiple ; Adult ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Incidence ; Low Back Pain ; Myelography ; Orthopedics ; Spinal Dysraphism ; Spine

Dysplasia epiphysealis multiplex is a rare syndrome, first discribed by Fairbank in 1935, but numerous publications have made it a well-recognized entity. The syndrome is caused by a congenital developmental error of unknown etiology, characterized by changes in the developing epiphyses, dwarfism and stubby digits in children of normal intelligence. Diagnosis is mainly by roentgenographic apperences of the epiphyses before fusion to the shaft. The centers of ossification of the epiphyses are late in appearing, slow in developing, deformed in shape and irregular in density. The spine is never affected, blood and biochemicaI studies show no abnormality. A case of dysplasia epiphysealis multiplex which revealed typical roentgenographic pictures is presented with a brief review of a literature.
Child ; Diagnosis ; Dwarfism ; Epiphyses ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Spine

One hundred and sixty five cases of the fracture of tibial shaft in adult have been treated and managed in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyunghook National University Hospital during the period from January, 1965 to December, 1970. Seventy one of 165 patients were analyzed clinically and we came to the following conclusions. 1. Most of the injuries were the results of traffic accident (67.6%). 2. The incidence of trauma was high in the young man, most frequent in the 3rd decade. 3. The closed fractures were three times more than open fractures and the middle third of tibial shaft was the most frequent site of fracture. 4. The average healing period was 16 weeks in mild case and 28 weeks in severe case. 5. Of 71 cases, we experienced 4 cases of non-union, 8 cases of residual joint stiffness at the knee and the ankle and 3 cases of leg shortening (more than 2 cm.) as complication.
Accidents, Traffic ; Adult ; Ankle ; Clinical Study ; Fractures, Closed ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Incidence ; Joints ; Knee ; Leg ; Orthopedics

Osteogenesis Imperfecta is a rare affection characterized by fragility of the bones, blue sclerae, and deafness, less frequently by hypermobility of the joints. The etiology is unknown, but it appears to be a mesenchymaldefect. A cases of osteogencesis imperfecta (tarda form) in a 18 yesrs old male is presented with a review of the literatures. The chief complaints were bowing deformity of the all extremites and blue sclera. In this cases, other typical features such as deafness and hypermobility of the joints were not observed. X-ray showed multiple malunited fraeture, of all long bones of extremities except Ieft humerus. For the treatment of bowing deformity of right humerus, multiple corrective osteotomy and intramedullary nailing was performed and the result was good.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Deafness ; Extremities ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Humans ; Humerus ; Joints ; Male ; Osteogenesis Imperfecta ; Osteogenesis ; Osteotomy ; Sclera

PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the treatment results according to bone union, union time, and complications, including infection of unreamed nailing of tibial fractures between closed and open fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 64 tibial shaft fractures that were treated with unreamed tibial nail. These included 42 closed fractures and 22 open fractures. RESULTS: Average union time of closed fractures was 19.8 weeks and that of open fractures was 20.2 weeks, nonunion rate were 4/42 and 3/22 in closed and open fractures. Average union time were 19.2, 20.4, 21.3 weeks in open grade I, II, llla fractures. According to the type of fractures, average union time were 18.5, 20.2, 24.6 weeks and nonunion rate were 2/29, 3/26, 2/9 in type A, B, C fractures. According to the level of fractures, average union time were 20.0, 20.3, 19.4 weeks and nonunion rate were 1/5, 4/37, 2/22 in proximal, middle, and distal fractures. There was no significant differences in average period of radiologic union, infection rate and nonunion rate between closed and open fracture group, but longer union time and higher nonunion rate in complex and comminuted fractures (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We consider unreamed intramedullary nailing in the tibial shaft fractures as a good treatment modality for closed and open grade I, II, IIIa fractures
Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Fractures, Closed ; Fractures, Comminuted ; Fractures, Open ; Tibial Fractures*