Eruption disturbances of the mandibular first molars can cause multiple problems in occlusal development although they are extremely rare. Early diagnosis and treatment are very important to prevent complications associated with eruption disturbances. The present case report describes the treatment of two cases of eruption disturbances of the mandibular first permanent molar. A fixed appliance composed of a cantilever spring with mandibular second deciduous molar as an anchor tooth was used to tract the impacted mandibular first permanent molar. The success of both cases shows that this novel traction appliance can be used to induce the eruption of an impacted mandibular first permanent molar within a short time in patients with intact mandibular second deciduous molar as an anchor tooth.

This study was performed to evaluate the restoration combined with resin infiltration (RI) of early cavitated smooth surface caries lesion in terms of microleakage. Flowable resin and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) were compared. Sound 20 extracted 3rd molars were divided into 2 groups randomly. Artificial decalcified lesion was induced. Cavities were prepared on the mesial and distal surfaces, and randomly set as experimental and control group. RI was applied to the experimental group before cavity restoration. The control group was restored without RI. In group I and II, flowable resin and RMGIC was used for restoration respectively. After thermocycling and silver nitrate immersion, microleakage was assessed by μ-CT. Depth of microleakage was lower in experimental group than control group only in group II (p = 0.05). Microleakage depth was lower in group II than group I in both xperimental and control groups (p = 0.05). RI pretreatment before restoration of early cavitated caries lesions might reduce the microleakage and help long-term maintenance of restoration. In this study, RMGIC was less polymerization shrinkage. Restoration with RMGIC after RI pretreatment reduced the microleakage of the restoration compared to the flowable resin.

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is a rare X-linked, recessively inherited disorder of purine metabolism, caused by complete absence of the enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase. This syndrome is characterized by 3 major features: neurological dysfunction, hyperuricemia, and cognitive and behavioral disturbances (e.g., self-mutilation, which begins at 2 to 3 years of age). Uncontrollable self-mutilation begins with biting of the perioral tissues and extends into patterns such as finger biting and head hitting. This report describes the case of a 31-month-old boy who was diagnosed with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome with severe lip injuries caused by self-mutilative behaviors. The behaviors were blocked with a semi-fixed lip bumper for a short period. The device was applied to the patient on the day of the visit without the requirement for an oral impression. It was easy to manage oral hygiene and adjust the device because it was detachable by clinicians and guardians. Therefore, a semi-fixed lip bumper may be useful as an interim appliance to block self-mutilative behaviors in children with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.

No abstract available.
Granuloma ; Optic Disk ; Optic Nerve ; Sarcoidosis

The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the survival rate by comparing Class II restoration using flowable resin composite with stainless steel crown in primary molars.
Electronic medical records and radiographs of 1,504 primary molars with proximal caries of 590 patients from June 2015 to August 2019 were analyzed. With the collected data, survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method.
The 1-year survival rate of flowable resin composite in the primary molar was 98.5%, 3-year survival rate was 87.7%, and mean survival time was 39 months. There was no statistically significant difference between flowable resin composite and stainless steel crown (p = 0.896).
Within the limits of this study, Class II restoration using flowable resin composite can be considered a promising option for the treatment of proximal caries in primary molars.

This study aimed to analyze the preoperative factors of immature first molars treated with vital pulp therapy and to find out their correlation in pediatric patients. From May 2014 to January 2020, 523 patients and 1,242 immature first molars were investigated. Factors including age, sex, tooth location, Molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH), caries cavity location, and history of previous restoration were evaluated. As a result of the study, the vital pulp therapy group had 5.56 times more MIH, 3.39 times more mesial cavities, and 8.73 times more distal cavities. In order to avoid vital pulp therapy in immature first molar, early diagnosis and active management of MIH and preventive treatment of mesial and distal caries are necessary after its immediate eruption.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of pre-eruptive intracoronal radiolucencies (PEIR) from panoramic radiographs in Korean children and adolescents.
This study examined panoramic radiographs of 3,000 patients aged between 5 and 14 years old who visited ten dental hospitals in Korea. The age and gender of the patients, the tooth type, the number of intracoronal radiolucent lesions, and the location and size of the lesions were recorded.
The overall prevalence of patients with PEIR was 2.5%. The difference in the presence of PEIR between both genders was not significant. Within each tooth type, the mandibular first molar showed highest prevalence of PEIR (29.6%). The central part of the crown was the most frequently observed location of PEIR (56.8%). The size of the PEIR lesions was mostly limited to less than one-third of the thickness of coronal dentin.

This study examined the maxillary labial frenum (MLF) and its clinical implications, focusing on its anatomy, developmental changes, and management strategies. The MLF functions as a connective tissue linking the upper lip to the alveolar ridge, facilitating essential processes such as speech production, food consumption, and the maintenance of proper dental alignment. Abnormal development or attachment can result in midline diastema, speech difficulties, and breastfeeding challenges. During growth, the MLF typically migrates from the alveolar crest in infancy to the mucogingival junction by adulthood; however, in some cases, this migration fails, leading to persistent diastema or other oral health concerns. The timing of frenectomy remains unclear. Certain experts advocate for early intervention to facilitate orthodontic treatment, while others recommend postponing surgical procedures until orthodontic efforts are completed, as the majority of diastemas close naturally with the eruption of permanent canines. In instances where diastema persists, frenectomy may be necessary to prevent relapse. Restrictive frenum attachments have been linked to breastfeeding difficulties; however, feeding outcomes can also be influenced by factors such as maternal technique and infant feeding patterns. This review highlights the need for individualized assessment and treatment planning, balancing surgical intervention with natural development, to ensure the best outcomes for each patient.

This study examined the maxillary labial frenum (MLF) and its clinical implications, focusing on its anatomy, developmental changes, and management strategies. The MLF functions as a connective tissue linking the upper lip to the alveolar ridge, facilitating essential processes such as speech production, food consumption, and the maintenance of proper dental alignment. Abnormal development or attachment can result in midline diastema, speech difficulties, and breastfeeding challenges. During growth, the MLF typically migrates from the alveolar crest in infancy to the mucogingival junction by adulthood; however, in some cases, this migration fails, leading to persistent diastema or other oral health concerns. The timing of frenectomy remains unclear. Certain experts advocate for early intervention to facilitate orthodontic treatment, while others recommend postponing surgical procedures until orthodontic efforts are completed, as the majority of diastemas close naturally with the eruption of permanent canines. In instances where diastema persists, frenectomy may be necessary to prevent relapse. Restrictive frenum attachments have been linked to breastfeeding difficulties; however, feeding outcomes can also be influenced by factors such as maternal technique and infant feeding patterns. This review highlights the need for individualized assessment and treatment planning, balancing surgical intervention with natural development, to ensure the best outcomes for each patient.

This study examined the maxillary labial frenum (MLF) and its clinical implications, focusing on its anatomy, developmental changes, and management strategies. The MLF functions as a connective tissue linking the upper lip to the alveolar ridge, facilitating essential processes such as speech production, food consumption, and the maintenance of proper dental alignment. Abnormal development or attachment can result in midline diastema, speech difficulties, and breastfeeding challenges. During growth, the MLF typically migrates from the alveolar crest in infancy to the mucogingival junction by adulthood; however, in some cases, this migration fails, leading to persistent diastema or other oral health concerns. The timing of frenectomy remains unclear. Certain experts advocate for early intervention to facilitate orthodontic treatment, while others recommend postponing surgical procedures until orthodontic efforts are completed, as the majority of diastemas close naturally with the eruption of permanent canines. In instances where diastema persists, frenectomy may be necessary to prevent relapse. Restrictive frenum attachments have been linked to breastfeeding difficulties; however, feeding outcomes can also be influenced by factors such as maternal technique and infant feeding patterns. This review highlights the need for individualized assessment and treatment planning, balancing surgical intervention with natural development, to ensure the best outcomes for each patient.