PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the levels of compassion fatigue/satisfaction, communication efficacy, and job satisfaction among integrated nursing and care services (INCS) units, and to analyze the factors affecting their job satisfaction. METHODS: This descriptive study was conducted between January 1 and February 15, 2019 with 174 nurses working at INCS units. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson`s correlation coefficient, and hierarchial multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 23.0. RESULTS: Job satisfaction was significantly different according to age, marital status, monthly income, total clinical career, and job position. Job satisfaction was positively correlated with compassion satisfaction (r=.72, p<.001) and communication efficacy (r=.52, p<.001) and showed a negative correlation with compassion fatigue (r=.-25, p<.001). Factors affecting job satisfaction were compassion satisfaction (β=.61, p<.001) and communication efficacy (β=.18, p=.004). Overall, approximately 58.9% of the variability in job satisfaction was explained by these two variables in this study. CONCLUSION Compassion satisfaction has the effect of maintaining an emotional balance in the nurse's interprofessional relationships. High communication efficacy among professionals in the INCS ward is a necessary factor to increase nurses' job satisfaction. These results suggest that programs to improve compassion satisfaction and communication efficacy are needed to enhance nurses' job satisfaction.

INTRODUCTION: Studies evaluating rats and mice have provided convincing evidence that renal adenoma and carcinoma are induced by oral doses of lead acetate and lead subacetate, as well as by parenteral doses of lead phosphate. In addition, at least 2 cases of kidney cancer associated with heavy exposure to lead have been reported. However, there is still not enough information to confirm or rule out an association between kidney cancer and exposure to lead. CASE REPORT: In this study, we describe a case of kidney cancer in 54-year-old male worker that was exposed to lead-stearate while employed in the polyvinyl chloride processing industry for 17 years. The patient presented with gout and hypertension. Further examination revealed proteinuria, glucose in the urine and elevated blood urea nitrogen/creatinine levels. Renal ultrasonography, renal computed tomography and renal biopsy revealed chronic renal failure and renal cell cancer. CONCLUSION: We concluded that the gout and chronic renal failure in this case was caused by chronic lead exposure. However, further study is required to determine if the renal cancer was induced by lead exposure.
Adenoma ; Animals ; Biopsy ; Glucose ; Gout ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Kidney Neoplasms ; Lead ; Lead Poisoning ; Male ; Mice ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; Organometallic Compounds ; Polyvinyl Chloride ; Proteinuria ; Rats ; Renal Insufficiency ; Urea

Effects of Ultratiolet (UV) light was studied in isolated thoracic aortae of rabbits and porcine coronary arteries. The following results were obtained. 1) Radiation of UV light did not affect both arterial rings in resting tension. 2) Both arterial preparations contracted with various vasoconstrictors (KCI,NE,PE,BayK 8644 and (+S202 etc.) were relaxed by UV light radiation in a radiation time-dependent fashion. 3) The magnitudes of the relaxation were not significantly different in both the rings with or without intact endothelium. 4) MB and LY markedldy reduced the UV light-induced relaxation in both the rings. 5) PP significantly attenuated the UV light-induced relaxation of rabbit thoracic aorta, but did not affect that of porcine coronary artery. 6) The UV Light-induced relaxation of porcine coronary artery was significantly attenuated by DT or NF, while that of rabbit thoracic aorta was not. 7) (+)S202 significantly potentiated the UV light-induced relaxation of porcine coronary artery contracted with KCI or Hist. Above results suggest that the UV light-induced relaxation of vascular smooth muscles is independent on the endothelium, and the relaxation results from primarily activation of guanylyl cyclase and is in part related to adenylyl cyclase and calcium metabolism. In adddition, a dihydropyridine calcium agonist, (+)S202, may sensitize vascular smooth muscle to the relaxing effect of UV light through some unknown mechanism.
Adenylyl Cyclases ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Calcium* ; Coronary Vessels ; Endothelium ; Guanylate Cyclase ; Metabolism ; Muscle, Smooth* ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; Rabbits ; Relaxation* ; Ultraviolet Rays ; Vasoconstrictor Agents

BACKGROUND: To explore an interaction(s) of endothelin with other blood pressure regulating systems, effects of either a high concentration of sodium chloride vehicle or pretreatment with atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) on the pressor response to endothelin were investigated in rats. METHOD: Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with thiopental (50mg/kg, IP) and were cannulated into left lateral cerebral ventricle. The left femoral artery and vein were also catheterized to measure blood pressure and to serve as an infusion route, respectively. Endothelin (10pmol) dissolved in either normal (0.15M) or high concentration (3.0M) of NaCl vehicle with ANP (1 nmol, ICV). For intravenous (IV) infusion, endothelin(1pmol/min) dissolved either in normal or high concentration of NaCl vehicle was infused for 20min. RESULT: ICV endothelin caused an increase of arterial pressure, in which the NaCl did not affect but ANP-pretreatment significantly attenuated the pressor magnitude. IV endothelin also increased the arterial pressure, which was potentiated by NaCl, ie, the maximum increase caused by the IV endothelin in the high NaCl vehicle was greater than the sum of that induced by endothelin (infused in normal NaCl vehicle) and that induced by high NaCl vehicle only. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that endothelin has separate central and peripheral pressor actions, in which the former is not affected by high NaCl but is attenuated by the ANP system and the latter is potentiated by high NaCl.
Animals ; Arterial Pressure ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor ; Blood Pressure ; Catheters ; Cerebral Ventricles ; Endothelins* ; Femoral Artery ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium Chloride* ; Sodium* ; Thiopental ; Veins

It has been found that acetylcholine releases at least two different substances from the vascular endothelial cells, i.e., relaxing factor and hyperpolarizing factor. The present study was armed to investigate whether and to what extent these factors are involved in the relaxation of the corpus cavernosum. The corpus cavernosum was isolated from male New Zealand white rabbits and suspended longitudinally in an organ bath. The corporal strips were precontracted with phenylephrine, tetraethylammonium (TEA) or potassium chloride, and their responses to electrical field stimulation (EFS) or exogenously-administered acetylcholine were examined. EFS caused a frequency-dependent relaxation of the corpus cavernosum precontracted with phenylephrine, which was significantly inhibited or abolished in the presence of procaine (3.5 x 0.0001mol/L) or ouabain (0.0001mol/L). The corporal preparation precontracted with TEA also showed a frequency-dependent relaxation, however, the degree of which was lower than that precontracted with phenylephrine. EFS was without a significant effect on the corporal preparation precontracted with KCl (3 x 0.01mol/L). Acethylcholine elicted a concentration-dependent relaxation of the corpus cavernosum, the magnitude of which was significantly diminished in the presence of L-NAME (0.0001 mol/L). The relaxation response to EFS of the corporal preparation precontracted with phenylephrine was significantly attenuated in the presence of L-NAME (0.0001 mol/L), in which the residual relaxation was completely abolished by glibenclamide (0.00001mol/L). The relaxation of the corpus cavernosum in response to EFS was reversed into a contraction by methylene blue (0.0001mol/L) or TEA (0.01mol/L). These results suggest that endothelium-derived relaxing and hyperpolarizing factors released upon neural stimulation mediate the relaxation of the corpus cavernosum. It is also suggested that EDRF activates soluble guanylate cyclase and EDHF does ATP-sensitive potassium channels.
Acetylcholine ; Arm ; Baths ; Endothelial Cells ; Glyburide ; Guanylate Cyclase ; Humans ; KATP Channels ; Male ; Methylene Blue ; NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester ; Ouabain ; Phenylephrine ; Potassium Chloride ; Procaine ; Rabbits ; Relaxation* ; Tea ; Tetraethylammonium

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of sleep quality, lifestyle and successful aging in the elderly. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 125 elderly people, aged 65 years and older, who attended a senior welfare center in Cheongju city, Korea. They completed a structured self-reported questionnaire comprising measures of quality of sleep, lifestyle, and successful aging. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé's test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and hierarchical linear multiple regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 20.0. RESULTS: Lifestyle showed a positive correlation with the quality of sleep, and successful aging showed a significant positive correlation with quality of sleep and lifestyle. Pin money (β=.32), quality of sleep (β=.20) and lifestyle (β=.55) were strong influential factors in successful aging. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed the determinant variables account for 35.9% of the variation in successful aging (F=35.11, p < .001). CONCLUSION: Successful aging depends on controllable factors such as the willingness to change the lifestyle of choosing one's life and how one copes with applying appropriate sleep hygiene. These results suggest that improvement of the quality of sleep and lifestyle will be helpful to the successful aging process.
Aged* ; Aging* ; Chungcheongbuk-do ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Korea ; Life Style*

No abstract available.
Air Pollutants/*toxicity ; Air Pollution/*prevention & control ; *Dust ; *Environmental Exposure ; Humans ; Industrial Waste ; Republic of Korea ; Risk Reduction Behavior

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, asbestos-related chest radiograph abnormalities and abnormal pulmonary function tests among former asbestos textile factory workers and to reveal the related factors of these abnormal findings. METHODS: There were 119 persons former asbestos textile industry workers registered in the health management pocketbook. Of 97 retired asbestos workers living in Busan, Yangsan and Gimhae, 63(64.9%) retired asbestos workers were enrolled into this study. The researchers administered questionnaires, and performed chest radiographys, and pulmonary function tests (PFT) on participants. The survey was conducted during July, 2009. RESULTS: Among former workers the number of lung fibrosis, pleural plaque, pleural calcification, and pleural thickening was 13(20.6%), 6(9.5%), 3(4.8%), and 1(1.6%) in chest radiography, respectively. Asbestos-related disorders and abnormal pulmonary function test groups had higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms. Participants with crocidolite exposure or long latency period had higher asbestos-related x-ray findings or abnormal PFT findings. CONCLUSIONS: Former asbestos textile workers had a high rate of asbestos-related disorders. Workers with crocidolite exposure or having had a longer latency period had more asbestos-related disorders. Because gradual increase of asbestos related disorders among high asbestos exposure group is expected, sustained, and intensive management is needed for these former workers.
Asbestos ; Asbestos, Crocidolite ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Latency Period (Psychology) ; Lung ; Prevalence ; Questionnaires ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Retirement ; Textile Industry ; Textiles ; Thorax

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to investigate the association between work ability and job stress factors in three manufacturing industries. METHODS: The data were gathered from 705 workers of 3 manufacturing industries, from August 2007 to January 2008. A structured, self-reported questionnaire was used to access the demographic, socioeconomic and work related characteristics. Work ability and job stress factors were determined using two questionnaires: the work ability index (WAI) of the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health and the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS), respectively. RESULTS: According to the logistic regression analysis results, WAI was related to job stress factors after adjustment for age, shift work, employment type and exercise. Of the eight subscales, job demand, interpersonal conflict, lack of reward, occupational climate and total score were significantly associated with WAI. In the analysis of each factory, interpersonal conflict, job insecurity and lack of reward were significantly associated with WAI in factory II, and organizational system, lack of reward and total score in factory III, but there was no significant association in factory I. CONCLUSIONS: Job stress factors were significantly associated with WAI in two of the three manufacturing industries. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to reduce the job stress and improve the work ability.
Climate ; Employment ; Logistic Models ; Occupational Health ; Questionnaires ; Reward

Compression of the airway is relatively common in pediatric patients, although it is often an unrecognized complication of congenital cardiac and aortic arch anomalies. Aortopexy has been established as a surgical treatment for tracheobronchial obstruction associated with vascular anomaly, aortic arch anomaly, esophageal atresia, and tracheoesophageal fistula. The tissue-to-tissue arch repair technique could result in severe airway complication such as compression of the left main bronchus which was not a problem before the correction. We report three cases of corrective open heart surgery monitored by intraoperative bronchoscopy performed during prebypass, and performed immediately before weaning from bypass, to evaluate tracheobronchial obstruction caused by congenital, complex cardiac anomalies in the operating room.
Airway Obstruction* ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Aortic Coarctation ; Bronchi ; Bronchoscopy* ; Esophageal Atresia ; Humans ; Operating Rooms ; Thoracic Surgery ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula ; Weaning