BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Despite the rapid growth of the online food delivery service market since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019, little research has focused on how consumers are using food delivery service and what they are concerned about when using food delivery service. Moreover, previous studies have not paid adequate attention to how these concerns are related to consumers’ intention to use food delivery service. Therefore, our study examines behaviors and concerns regarding food delivery service and identifies the key factors in consumers’ intention to use food delivery service. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Using data collected from 549 Korean consumers, we conducted descriptive analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and multiple regressions. RESULTS: We found that using food delivery service is not only for main meals at home or the office but also to meet a variety of dietary needs and occasions. The findings indicated that Korean consumers are most concerned about the sustainability of food delivery service, followed by health, hygiene, hedonic, and usability aspects of the service. Hygiene concerns and a hedonic aspect of the service were negatively associated with consumers’ intention to use food delivery service among users, while health concerns decreased the intention of non-users. CONCLUSION The findings have implications for practitioners and policy makers in food delivery service. To further propel market growth, they should help reduce health concerns of non-users, as well as hygiene and hedonic concerns of existing users.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has dramatically changed nearly every aspect of our lives. Although Dietary lifestyle includes attitudes and behaviors to meet their most basic needs, but few studies have examined the pattern of changes in dietary lifestyle driven by COVID-19. This study explores changes in dietary attitudes and behaviors among Korean consumers after COVID-19. SUBJECTS/METHODS: An online survey was conducted with 549 Korean adults aged 20 and older to identify general demographics and changes in dietary attitudes and behaviors. Data were collected from Oct 12 to Oct 18, 2020. Frequency, percentage, and mean values were calculated and a K-means cluster analysis was performed to categorize consumers based on the 5S of dietary attitudes (i.e., savor-oriented, safety-oriented, sustainability-oriented, saving-oriented, and socializing-oriented). RESULTS: Findings indicate consumers considered safety, health, and freshness to be most important when choosing groceries and prepared meal such as home meal replacement and delivery food. Among the types of services, a large proportion of consumers increased their delivery and take-out services. Regarding retail channels, the increase in the use of online retailers was remarkable compared to offline retailers. Finally, consumers were classified into four segments based on changes in dietary attitudes: “most influenced,” “seeking safety and sustainability,” “abstaining from savor and socializing,” and “least influenced.” Each type of consumer exhibited statistically significant differences by sex, age, household composition, presence of disease, and perceived risk of COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS This exploratory study provides initial insights for future research by identifying various aspects of dietary attitudes and behaviors among Korean consumers after COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: Pregnancy-associated aplastic anemia remains a rare occurrence. The aim of this study was to examine the maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnancy-associated aplastic anemia treated with supportive care. METHODS: From January 1995 to December 2004, a total of 14 women newly diagnosed with pregnancy-associated aplastic anemia were recruited for the study. RESULTS: Eleven (78%) of the 14 women were diagnosed with pregnancy-associated aplastic anemia during the second or third trimester. There were eight severe cases; three of which were diagnosed at the initial presentation. All 14 women had conservative management with transfusions but not specific immunological or hormonal therapies during pregnancy. Blood transfusions were performed prenatally in seven mothers and perinatally in 13. Of the 12 patients eligible for follow-up, one achieved complete remission and another eight showed partial remission after delivery. During the follow up period, there was no case of maternal-fetal death in our series. The pregnancies were continued uneventfully in most cases. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated favorable maternal and neonatal outcomes with transfusion support alone for pregnancy-associated aplastic anemia. Therefore, pregnancy continuation with meticulous blood support should be considered, rather than therapeutic termination, for women with pregnancy-associated aplastic anemia.
Anemia, Aplastic* ; Blood Transfusion ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mothers ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Prognosis

OBJECTIVE: The incidence of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is greatest in female during their childbearing years, so the concurrence of pregnancy and ITP is not unusual. Numerous studies have examined the outcomes of newborns, whereas fewer studies have been conducted with regard to the morbidity of obstetric patients with ITP. This study was aimed to find the outcome of pregnancy combined with ITP and the influence of the pregnancy on the severity of this disease. METHODS: From January 1996 to December 2005, a total of 62 pregnant women with ITP and their 73 deliveries were recruited for the study. Among them, 38 were diagnosed with ITP during pregnancy and the other 24 had pre-existing ITP before pregnancy. RESULTS: The severity of thrombocytopenia was exacerbated during pregnancy, but recovered to a level of non-pregnant period after delivery in most cases. The outcome of pregnancy of all the patients was uneventful except each one case of fetal demise at 35 gestational weeks and preterm delivery at 30 gestational weeks. One patient suffered from multiple subdural hemorrhage during pregnancy, which was spontaneouly recovered. Twenty newborns (27.8%) had transient congenital thrombocytopenia and 18 of them required treatment for hemostatic impairment. CONCLUSION: For women with ITP, Pregnancy can affect the severity of ITP, but life-threatening complication was almost lacking. Although, in not a few cases, there may need to treat both mothers and infants to raise their platelet counts, most mothers with ITP can proceed with their pregnancies and delivery healthy infant without complication.
Female ; Hematoma, Subdural ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Mothers ; Platelet Count ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnant Women ; Purpura* ; Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic ; Thrombocytopenia* ; Thrombocytopenia, Neonatal Alloimmune

Fetal vesicoallantoic cyst is extremely rare anomaly of umbilical cord. This disorder is thought to be a remnant of the extraembryonic portion of the allantois and incomplete obliteration of the vesico-allantoic lumen results in a wide spectrum of urachal anomalies. A 23-years-old primigravida was referred to our hospital at 18 weeks of gestation age because of fetal abdominal cystic mass in basal part of umbilicus. On the ultrasonographic examination, the cystic mass appeared to be in direct communication with the urinary bladder markedly distended. The cytogenetic study by amniocentesis showed normal 46, XY. The fetus was dead at 21 weeks of gestation age. The results of autopsy showed multiple anomalies. We report this rare case with review on similar anomalies of the allantois.
Allantois ; Amniocentesis ; Autopsy ; Cytogenetics ; Fetus ; Pregnancy ; Ultrasonography* ; Umbilical Cord ; Umbilicus ; Urinary Bladder

Because doxylamine is an antihistamine commonly used as over-the counter sleep preparation, it may bring out overdose. The usual clinical course of the overdose is dominated by the anticholinergic effect of these agents; it include significant autonomic and central nervous system effect. The most frequent symptom included impaired consciousness, seizure, tachycardia, mydriasis and a psychosis similar to that in catatonic stupor. A serious complications may be rhadbomyolysis with subsequent impairment of renal function and acute renal failure. Though the exact mechaism is not clear yet, it seems likely that doxylamine has a direct toxic effect on striated muscle. We report a case of a 22-year-old man who was complicated by rhabdomyolysis and impairment of renal function after doxylamine overdose. He was transported due to reddish urine from other hospital. According to transfer note, when he arrived at emergency room, he had slight drowsy mental state without tonic clonic seizure. He developed a elevated muslce enzyme and showed generalized, multiple uptake in damages muscle with the image of 99MTc-MDP bone scan. He was managed with hydration, urine alkalinization and supportive care during hospitalization. If doxylamine overdose are suspected, we should obtain creatine kinase level. Recognition of the potential for rhabdomyolysis and institution of vigorous treatment may prevent acute renal failure in patients who have taken an overdose of the drug.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Central Nervous System ; Consciousness ; Creatine Kinase ; Doxylamine* ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Muscle, Striated ; Mydriasis ; Psychotic Disorders ; Rhabdomyolysis* ; Seizures ; Stupor ; Tachycardia ; Technetium Tc 99m Medronate ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the CT findings of parasitic ectopic infestation in theperitoneal cavity, a transitional route for parasites invading the gastrointestinal tract, to migrate to varioustarget organs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT scans of nine patients with pathologically(n=8) or serologically(n=1)proven intraperitoneal involvement of parasitic infestation were retrospectively reviewed. The primary causes ofparasitic infestation in nine patients were Paragonimus westermani(n=5), Sparganosis(n=2), and hepaticfascioliasis(n=2). We analyzed the CT findings with regard to the sites and patterns of lesions in the peritonealcavity and gastrointestinal track, as well as in other solid organs. The clinical features of these patients werealso evaluated. RESULTS: The clinical symptoms and signs were chronic abdominal pain and general weakness inseven patients, while peripheral blood eosinophilia was observed in four. The CT features of these nine patientsincluded multiseptated cystic masses of 2 -6cm, diameter (mean 4.1 +/-1.7cm) in the omentum or mesentery insix(67%), omental or mesenteric infiltration in seven(78%), focal peritoneal thickening in seven(78%),lymphadenopathy in five(56%), and ascites in four(44%). In six of the nine patients, the gastrointestinaltract(stomach in four, colon in one, both stomach and colon in one) was concomitantly involved with focal wallthickening. Branching patterns of hypoattenuating lesions were noted in the liver of three patients ; two of thesehad hepatic fascioliasis and one had paragonimiasis. CONCLUSION: Ectopic parasitic infestation in the peritonealcavity manifests as mass formation, adjacent gastrointestinal wall thickening, and focal peritonitis. Anunderstanding of these image features is important for both early diagnosis and adequate treatment.
Abdominal Pain ; Ascites ; Colon ; Early Diagnosis ; Eosinophilia ; Fascioliasis ; Gastrointestinal Tract* ; Humans ; Liver ; Mesentery ; Omentum ; Paragonimiasis ; Paragonimus ; Parasites ; Peritonitis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Background: The benefits of transradial access (TRA) over transfemoral access (TFA) for bifurcation percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are uncertain because of the limited availability of device selection. This study aimed to compare the procedural differences and the in-hospital and long-term outcomes of TRA and TFA for bifurcation PCI using secondgeneration drug-eluting stents (DESs). Methods: Based on data from the Coronary Bifurcation Stenting Registry III, a retrospective registry of 2,648 patients undergoing bifurcation PCI with second-generation DES from 21 centers in South Korea, patients were categorized into the TRA group (n = 1,507) or the TFA group (n = 1,141). After propensity score matching (PSM), procedural differences, in-hospital outcomes, and device-oriented composite outcomes (DOCOs; a composite of cardiac death, target vessel-related myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization) were compared between the two groups (772 matched patients each group). Results: Despite well-balanced baseline clinical and lesion characteristics after PSM, the use of the two-stent strategy (14.2% vs. 23.7%, P = 0.001) and the incidence of in-hospital adverse outcomes, primarily driven by access site complications (2.2% vs. 4.4%, P = 0.015), were significantly lower in the TRA group than in the TFA group. At the 5-year follow-up, the incidence of DOCOs was similar between the groups (6.3% vs. 7.1%, P = 0.639). Conclusion The findings suggested that TRA may be safer than TFA for bifurcation PCI using second-generation DESs. Despite differences in treatment strategy, TRA was associated with similar long-term clinical outcomes as those of TFA. Therefore, TRA might be the preferred access for bifurcation PCI using second-generation DES.