No abstract available.
Cesarean Section* ; Female ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.
Pancreatitis*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of CT in the diagnosis of bowel and mesenteric injury we studied the CT findings and its usefulness in patients of abdominal trauma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT scans of 27 patients who were confirmed to have bowel and/or mesenteric injury due to abdominal trauma were analyzed retrospectively. Of these 27 patients 15 had bowel injury only and 12 had both bowel and mesenteric injury. CT findings analysed were bowel wall thickening, presence or absence of highly attenuated bowel wall, sentinel clot, mesenteric infiltration, peritoneal fluid collection and free intraabdominal air in cases with bowel injury only and with both bowel and mesenteric injury respectively. Ten patients had other accompanying abdominal injuries, such as liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney, bladder injuries, intraperitoneal abscess or retroperitoneal hemorrhage. RESULTS: Findings observed were bowel wall thickening in 23 cases(85%), peritoneal fluid collection in 21 (78%), highly attenuated bowel wall in 19(70%), mesenteric infiltration in 17(63%), free intraperitoneal air in 10 (37%) and sentinel clot in 7(26%). Pneumoperioneum were observed in 10 of 24 patients(41.7%) having bowel perforation. Two cases did not show any CT findings suggesting bowel and/or mesenteric injury. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of the CT findings between the patient group with bowel injury only and the patient group with both bowel and meseneric injury. CONCLUSION: CT scan is a useful tool in evaluating the degree and extent of bowel and/or mesenteric injury as well as in planning the patient's management.
Abdominal Injuries ; Abscess ; Ascitic Fluid ; Diagnosis ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Kidney ; Liver ; Pancreas ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Spleen ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Urinary Bladder

PURPOSE: Billroth II gastroenterostomy is a typical reconstruction method after distal gastrectomy for gastric carcinoma, but it has problems, especially frequent reflux esophagitis. Various methods have been tried to address this problem. Among them are Braun enteroenterostomy and Roux-en-Y gastroenterostomy, which are performed separately according to the size of the gastric remnant. The aim of our study was to determine whether these applications are compatible. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between September 2003 and April 2007, we performed Roux-en-Y gastroenterostomy operations (14 patients) when the size of the gastric remnant was <10%, Braun enteroenterostomy (17 patients) when the size was between 10 and 20%, and Billroth II gastroenterostomy (14 patients) when the size was between 20 and 40% after subtotal gastrectomy for gastric cancer by a single surgeon at our hospital. We analyzed the results of each treatment. We evaluated the symptoms and endoscopic findings using questionnaires and hospital records. To evaluate nutritional states, we reviewed albumin and hemoglobin levels and body weight changes. RESULTS: All operations were performed safely mortality was 0% and postoperative complications were 8.9%. On endoscopy, reflux gastritis was observed to occur in 7.63%, 18.65% and 40.0%, respectively, of patients who had undergone Roux-en-Y, Braun and Billroth II operations (P=0.13). Reflux esophagitis was observed in 1 patient in the Roux-en-Y group and 1 patient in the Braun group. Endoscopic gastrostasis was observed in 2 patients in the Roux-en-Y group, one of which was thought to cause reflux esophagitis. Patients in the Roux-en-Y group and Braun groups ingested a lower volume of food than did those in the Billroth II group (respectively, 7.1%, 0.0% and 28.7%) and complained less of postprandial discomforts (respectively, 14.3%, 23.5% and 57.1%) and reflux symptoms (respectively 0.0%, 11.8% and 42.9%). CONCLUSION: The application of Braun enteroenterostomy and Roux-en-Y gastroenterostomy to the small gastric remnant may be effective for reducing reflux symptoms and abdominal discomfort after distal gastric resection. We recommend Roux-en-Y gastroenterostomy when the size of the gastric remnant is <10%, and Braun anastomosis in the others. It will need to be determined which reconstructive procedure is better for many different conditions.
Body Weight ; Endoscopy ; Esophagitis, Peptic ; Gastrectomy ; Gastric Stump ; Gastritis ; Gastroenterostomy ; Hemoglobins ; Hospital Records ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Stomach Neoplasms

It is known that excitotoxicity and oxygen radicals were two major pathogenic events related to mesial temporal sclerosis(MTS), which was the most common histopathologic features in intractable temporal lobe epilepsy. The experiment was designed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of 2-methylaminochroman U-78S17F, a second generation series of nonsteroidal lazaroid compounds, against excitotoxic and oxygen radical injuries on the human fetal hippocampal neurons in vitro. Neuron-enriched cultures were seeded on both 96 well multichamber plates and poly-L-Iysine coated Aclar cover slips to determine cytotoxicity by MTT(3-4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay and cytopathologic features respectively. Dose-dependent neuronal injuries were developed by treatment of 100, 200, and 500 microM glutamate (p<0.01), and 100 microM hypoxanthine plus 10 to 20 mU xanthine oxidase (p<0.01). The glutamate-induced cytotoxicity was completely blocked by pretreatment of 20 microM MK-801 (p<0.01), however, U-78S17F did not attenuate the glutamate toxicity. The fetal hippocampal neurons were protected from oxygen radical injuries by pretreatment of 2 to 16 microM U-78517F (p<0.01). The cytopathologic changes observed by phase-contrast inverted microscope, neurofilament protein (NF) immunocytochemistry, and MTT stain correlated well with the degree of neuronal injuries in experimental groups. Considerably swollen neurons with disintegrated neurites were noted by the excitotoxic and oxygen radical injuries, however, there was no characteristic cytologic difference between them. These data indicated that U-78S17F had only a significant protective effect from oxygen radical injury on fetal hippocampal neurons in culture, and it was suggested that the early treatment of both glutamate-antagonists and antioxidants would be beneficial to reduce MTS following epileptic seizures.
Antioxidants ; Dizocilpine Maleate ; Epilepsy ; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe ; Glutamic Acid ; Humans* ; Hypoxanthine ; Immunohistochemistry ; Neurites ; Neurons* ; Neuroprotective Agents* ; Oxygen ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Xanthine Oxidase

Intramuscular stimulation (IMS) is widely used to treat myofascial pain syndrome. IMS is a safe procedure but several complications have been described. To our knowledge, spinal subarachnoid hematoma has never been reported as a complication of an IMS. The authors have experienced a case of spinal subarachnoid hematoma occurring after an IMS, which was tentatively diagnosed as intracranial subarachnoid hemorrhage because of severe headache. Patient was successfully treated with surgery. Here, we report our case with a review of literature.
Headache ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Myofascial Pain Syndromes ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Rheumatic Heart Disease*

No abstract available.
Respiratory Insufficiency* ; Ventilators, Mechanical* ; Weaning*

No abstract available.
Chungcheongnam-do* ; Ships*

It is. commonly assumed that nasorespiratory function can exert a dramatic effect upon the development of the dentofacial complex. Specially, it has been stated that chronic nasal obstruction leads to mouth breathing, which causes altered tongue and mandibular positions. If this occurs during a period of active growth, :the .outcome is development of the "adenoid facies". Such patients characteristically: manifest a vertically long lower third facial height, narrow alar bases, lip incompetence, a long and narrow maxillary arch and a greater than normal mandibular plane angle. But several authors have reported that so-called adenoid facies is not always associated with adenoids and mouth breathing, and that a particular type of dentition is not alwarys found in mouth breathers with or without adenoids. Some authors have believed adenoids lead to mouth breathing in cases with particular facial characteristics and types of dentition. We assumed that the ability to adapt to individual's neuromuscular complex is various. So, we compared the difference of influence of mouth breathing between childrens who have different facial types. This study included 60 patients and they were divided into three groups by Rickett's facial type. Their dentition and tongue position were compared. The results are as follows. 1. There is a significant difference in arch width of upper molars between different facial types. Especially dolichofacial type patients have narrowest arch width. 2. There is a significant difference in tongue position between different facial types. Especially dolichofacial type patients have lowest positioned tongue.
Adenoids ; Child ; Dentition* ; Facies ; Humans ; Lip ; Molar ; Mouth ; Mouth Breathing ; Nasal Obstruction ; Respiration* ; Tongue