No abstract available.
Osteotomy*

No abstract available.
Constriction, Pathologic* ; Decompression* ; Laminectomy*

Laryngeal trauma is rare compared to other head and neck traumas, but it occurs, it can be life threatening. As for treatment, a laryngeal fracture that involves displacement of cartilage or extensive injury requires appropriate surgical treatments. For severe laryngeal fractures, conservative management is usually preferred with placing a stent to prevent laryngeal stenosis. But the downside of placing stents in the larynx includes the risk of granulation and infection. In this report, the authors describe a 35-year-old patient, who was diagnosed with blunt laryngeal trauma and treated by Horizontal partial laryngectomy. The patient's post-operative breathing and voice were fair, and airway stenosis did not occur afterwards.
Adult ; Cartilage ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Fractures, Cartilage ; Head ; Humans ; Laryngeal Cartilages ; Laryngectomy* ; Laryngostenosis ; Larynx ; Neck ; Respiration ; Stents ; Voice

Olfaction is an important aspect of quality of life, beyond simply smelling food and recognizing danger. Recently, research has focused on its association with various diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases or viral infections. The evaluation of olfactory function must take into consideration the cultural experience of the target group. A new Korean culturefriendly olfactory function test, the YSK olfactory function test (YOF test, Kimex Co.), uses safe odorants, such as phenyl-ethyl alcohol (PEA) (not n-butanol), for the threshold test. Furthermore, odorants in the YOF identification test reflect each of eight major chemical functional groups. The diagnostic cut-off for anosmia was a Threshold Discrimination Identification (TDI) score of ≤14.5 and that for hyposmia was 14.5

Mucormycosis is one of the most fatal and rapidly progressive fungal infections in humans; among its many forms. rhinocerebral mucormycosis is the most common. It is known to occur as opportunistic infection in patients with uncontrolled diabetes, metabolic disorders, organ transplantation, or autoimmune disease with prolonged steroid use. Pott’s puffy tumor is the subperiosteal abscess of the frontal bone caused by trauma complication or frontal sinusitis. It is considered as a very rare complication since the dawn of antibiotic treatments. We report a case of chronic rhinocerebral mucormycosis involving Pott’s puffy tumor in a patient receiving immunosuppressive therapy after lung transplantation.

While simultaneous bilateral partial nephrectomy with a conventional multiport robot has been consistently reported since the 2010s, the introduction of the DaVinci SP system (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) could provide a novel way to perform surgery on bilateral kidneys while innovatively reducing the number of incisions. In our first report worldwide, the patient with bilateral small renal mass (2.0 cm for the left and 1.5 cm for the right side) and preoperative normal renal function was placed in the lateral decubitus position on an inverted bed. After tilting the bed to be as horizontal as possible, a 4-cm incision was made in the lower part of the umbilicus for the floating trocar technique. The partial nephrectomy was performed reliably as with the conventional transperitoneal approach, and then the patient could be repositioned to the contralateral side for the same procedure, maintaining all trocars. Total operation time (skin to skin), total console time, and the left- and right-side warm ischemic times were 260, 164, 27, and 23 minutes, respectively, without applying the early declamping technique. The estimated blood loss was 200 mL. The serum creatinine right after the operation, on the first day, 3 days, and 90 days after surgery were 0.92, 0.77, 0.79, and 0.81 mg/dL, respectively. For 90 days after the procedure, no complications or radiologic recurrence were observed. Further clinical studies will reveal the advantages of using the DaVinci SP device for this procedure over traditional multiport surgery, maximizing the benefit of a single port-based approach.

Pituitary apoplexy presenting with subarachnoid haemorrhage(SAH) is rare and thus may be easily mistaken for aneurysmal rupture. The authors report a case of pituitary apoplexy presented with SAH mimicking aneurysmal rupture of anterior communicating artery. A 70-year-old woman presented with sudden severe headache, vomiting and drowsiness. Computerized tomography showed diffuse SAH in basal cistern and enhancing sellar mass lesion that was overlooked. Because cerebral angiography showed a suspicious small aneurysmal sac at the origin of anterior communicating artery, we regarded it as an aneurysmal rupture. Craniotomy was performed but we could not find any aneurysm. There was a definite hemorrhagic mass lesion in the sellar and suprasellar area. Histopathological examination revealed a micronodular pituitary adenoma with hemorrhage. The authors stress that pituitary apoplexy must be included in the differential diagnosis of SAH, and proper preoperative radiologic imaging and careful interpretation is demanding for rule out the possibility of pituitary apoplexy.
Aged ; Aneurysm* ; Arteries* ; Cerebral Angiography ; Craniotomy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Headache ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Pituitary Apoplexy* ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; Rupture* ; Sleep Stages ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Vomiting

We present a case of an athetoid cerebral palsy with quadriparesis caused by kyphotic deformity of the cervical spine, severe spinal stenosis at the cervicomedullary junction, and atlantoaxial instability. The patient improved after the first surgery, which included a C1 total laminectomy and C-arm guided righ side unilateral C1-2 transarticular screw fixation. C1-2 fixation was not performed on the other side because of an aberrant and dominant vertebral artery (VA). Eight months after the first operation, the patient required revision surgery for persistent neck pain and screw malposition. We used intraoperative VA angiography with simultaneous fluoroscopy for precise image guidance during bilateral C1-2 transarticular screw fixation. Intraoperative VA angiography allowed the accurate insertion of screws, and can therefore be used to avoid VA injury during C1-2 transarticular screw fixation in comorbid patients with atlantoaxial deformities.
Angiography ; Cerebral Palsy ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Fluoroscopy ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; Neck Pain ; Quadriplegia ; Spinal Stenosis ; Spine ; Vertebral Artery

OBJECTIVE: Previous standard surgical approaches for aneurysms of anterior circulation are concerned with possible injury to the normal brain by cerebral retraction. Simplified skull base approaches have been introduced to fulfill the ideal goals of skull base surgery, brain protection and technical minimalism. Superolateral orbital craniotomy and orbital roof craniotomy via eyebrow incision offered sufficient working space for aneurysmal neck clipping of anterior circulaton and have advantages of minimal brain retraction and rapid recovery. METHODS: The concept and technique of the superolateral orbital craniotomy and orbital roof craniotomy are presented in detail. We conducted a retrospective study in which we evaluated the technical aspect of the superolateral orbital craniotomy and orbital roof craniotomy considering the indications, limitations, and complications of these approaches. RESULTS: The superolateral orbital craniotomy and orbital roof craniotomy provide an ample space to access the neurovascular structure of the anterior skull base without using brain retractors, enable rapid anatomical reconstruction for closure and acceptable cosmetic results. CONCLUSION: The superolateral orbital craniotomy and orbital roof craniotomy via eyebrow incision offer better surgical possibilities and approach related morbidity than conventional approaches in the treatment of anterior circulation aneurysms.
Aneurysm* ; Brain ; Craniotomy* ; Eyebrows* ; Neck ; Orbit* ; Retrospective Studies ; Skull Base* ; Skull*

OBJECTIVE: Previous standard surgical approaches for aneurysms of anterior circulation are concerned with possible injury to the normal brain by cerebral retraction. Simplified skull base approaches have been introduced to fulfill the ideal goals of skull base surgery, brain protection and technical minimalism. Superolateral orbital craniotomy and orbital roof craniotomy via eyebrow incision offered sufficient working space for aneurysmal neck clipping of anterior circulaton and have advantages of minimal brain retraction and rapid recovery. METHODS: The concept and technique of the superolateral orbital craniotomy and orbital roof craniotomy are presented in detail. We conducted a retrospective study in which we evaluated the technical aspect of the superolateral orbital craniotomy and orbital roof craniotomy considering the indications, limitations, and complications of these approaches. RESULTS: The superolateral orbital craniotomy and orbital roof craniotomy provide an ample space to access the neurovascular structure of the anterior skull base without using brain retractors, enable rapid anatomical reconstruction for closure and acceptable cosmetic results. CONCLUSION: The superolateral orbital craniotomy and orbital roof craniotomy via eyebrow incision offer better surgical possibilities and approach related morbidity than conventional approaches in the treatment of anterior circulation aneurysms.
Aneurysm* ; Brain ; Craniotomy* ; Eyebrows* ; Neck ; Orbit* ; Retrospective Studies ; Skull Base* ; Skull*