Although the definition of male pseudohermaphroditism remains controversial, male pseudohermaphrodites will be defined as chromatin-negative individuals who have testis with the failure of normal development of the normal male. Also included are those individuals who may have more than one cell line, but at least one cell line, containing a Y chromosome and no cell line having two X chromosomes. Gonadal histologic findings may be either testicular or streak, but not ovarian. Male pseudohermaphroditism can result as a consequence of 1) absent M(llerian regression, 2) Inadequate synthesis of testosterone, 3) inadequate synthesis of dihydrotestosterone and 4) androgen receptor deficiency. We have seen 5 cases of male pseudohermaphroditism with manifestations of penoscrotal or perineal hypospadias, pubertal virilization, cryptorchism or atrophied testes, and feminization. Four cases had been reared as male and one case as female. All revealed chromatin-negative pattern in buccal smear and testes. After the plausible discussion, two cases were decided to be reared as female and three were as male.
46, XY Disorders of Sex Development* ; Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome ; Cell Line ; Cryptorchidism ; Dihydrotestosterone ; Female ; Feminization ; Gonads ; Humans ; Hypospadias ; Male* ; Testis ; Testosterone ; Virilism ; X Chromosome ; Y Chromosome

The clinicopathological study was performed on 80 patients with urinary bladder tumor between 1973 and 1983. The histopathological survey was carried out using preserved tumor specimen slide on the retrospective fashion, that included the growth pattern and vessel invasion. The results were as follows : 1. The tumor histology were papillary and nonpapillary in 70 %, and 30 %, respectively in growth pattern and 74 transitional cell carcinoma(TCC), 3 squamous cell carcinoma(SCC), 2 adenocarcinoma (AC) and 1 mucoepithermoid carcinoma in cell type. 2. The Fade of TCC, Go, G1. G2 and G3 were 1.4%, 36.5%, 39.2% and 22.9% respectively, and the stage of those, in which superficial tumors(pTis-pT1) and invasive tumors( pT2-pT4) were 57.0% and 30.8% respectively. The histopathological mode of local spread was to have strands, nests and individual cells in about one sixth, lymphatic invasion in about one third and venous invasion in about one fifth. 3. The intramural hispathological mode of local spread (INF alpha,beta, and alpha), lymphatic invasion ( lyo, 1 and 2) and venous invasion were highly significant with respect to the hispathological grade and stage, and also within mutual relationship on the other hand.
Adenocarcinoma ; Hand ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder*

Restoration of functional and anatomic changes of kidney in UPJ stricture is one of most important subjects in urology. A clinical observation was made on the 28 cases (29 kidneys) of pyeloplasties for UPJ stricture from Jan. 1976 to Dec. 1981. Of them 20 cases (21 kidneys) were followed up for more than 6 months postoperatively. The following results were obtained; 1. The patients in this series were 22 males and 6 females, and 11 children and 17 adults. The left side was 3 times more frequently affected than the right. They symptoms on admission were mostly flank pain, palpable mass, and etc. 2. Preoperative status of UPJ was; UPJ stricture alone in 20, UPJ stricture with aberrant vessel in 4, UPJ stricture with stone in 3, and UPJ stricture with vesicoureteral reflux in 1 case. 3. Preoperative grade of hydronephrosis was closely related to each other in the functional and anatomic aspects of kidney. In general, children showed relatively more advanced hydronephrosis than adults and the degree of improvement of hydronephrosis postoperatively was similar to each other. 4. Anderson Hynes' method of pyeloplasty in most cases (20 kidneys) and simple pyeloureterostomy in 9 kidneys were performed, and results between both operations showed no difference. But Anderson Hynes' method was more effective in marked hydronephrosis such as giant hydronephrosis and simple pyeloureterostomy in mild hydronephrosis. 5. In cases in which UTI was present preoperatively, postoperative UTI tended more to persist than in those not complicated with preoperative UTI, and in both sides postoperative UTI mostly persisted for 2 months and disappeared within 6 months. 6. The period of nephrostomy and ureteral stent was not directly related to postoperative results, but nephrostomy without ureteral stent relatively showed good results. 7. Postoperative complication was UTI in 2, re-do pyeloplasty in 1 and secondary nephrectomy in 1 case. 8. Improvement Of hydronephrosis continued for about a year after operation. It is recommended that more careful attention should be paid for the first year and be continued to watch for consecutive 2 years.
Adult ; Child ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Kidney ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Postoperative Complications ; Prognosis* ; Stents ; Ureter ; Urology ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

Urachal carcinoma is an uncommon neoplasm associated with a poor prognosis. We have encountered two another cases of urachal adenocarcinoma recently 5 years after our first report. The common sign of urachal cancer was painless hematuria. We diagnosed the specific site of origin preoperatively by means of computerized tomography. One patient was performed partial cystectomy and another was total cystectomy with double barrel ureterocutaneostomy. A brief review of the literature of urachal adenocarcinoma was also made.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Cystectomy ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Prognosis

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

This study was designed to investigate the mole- cular mechanism of chemokine induction by lipopoly-saccharide(LPS) of E. coli. Chemokine gene expression was evaluated by the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) assay using RNAs isolated either from kidneys of LPS-injected inice or from the mesangial cells stimulated with LPS, IFN-r or TNF-a. LPS was shown to induce interferon gamma(IFN- 7 ) inducible protein 10 (IP-10) and monokine induced by interferon gamma (MIG) in kidney. IP-10 gene expression was induced by LPS and IFN-r, but MIG gene expression was induced by IFN-r in mesangial cell. Chemokines induced by LPS increased splenocyte migration. Sodium salicylate, wortmanin and piperazine blocked LPS mediated chemokine induction suggesting the activation of nuclear factor-a B pathway. It is concluded from this study that mesangial cells are the target of LPS in the renal failure resulting from the systemic infections. LPS induces chemokines directly and/or indirectly in the mesan- gial cells, and these chemokines may associated with renal inflammation.
Chemokines ; Gene Expression* ; Inflammation ; Interferons ; Kidney ; Mesangial Cells* ; Renal Insufficiency ; RNA ; Sodium Salicylate

Dendritic cell (DC)s are protessional antigen presenting cells and they have been used for antitumor immunotherapy or cell vaccines. However therapy using DC is restricted because the number of DC available from tissue is very low. Flt3 ligand (FL) has been known as a hematopoietic growth factor that increases proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells and progenitor cells, and recently it showed inducibility of dendritic cell (DC)s and signiticant antitumor effects in vivo. Thus FL will be frequently used for DC induction and antitumor immunotherapy in future. Here we constructed FL plasmid and studied its in vivo effect. FL plasmids were made by cloning of partial FL cDNA into pcDNA3 plasmid, and gene expression and protein producibility of FL plasmid were confirmed in Renca cells transfected with FL plasmid. Mice were injected with FL plasmid (100ug/mouse) three times and 20 days later mouse spleens were harvested for staining and RT-PCR. There were lots of blastogenic cells in the spleen of mice treated with FL plasmid. FL plasmid also induced DEC205, IL-12 and GM-CSF gene expression in mouse splenocyte. All these data suggest FL plasmid may be used for induction of DC and antitumor therapy as DNA adjuvant.
Mice ; Animals

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell* ; Urinary Bladder*