No Abstract Available.
Retinal Detachment* ; Retinal Perforations* ; Retinaldehyde*

BACKGROUND: CD22 is a glycoprotein expressed on the surface of normal mature B cells and in the cytoplasm of normal B cell precursors. Cytoplasmic CD22 (cCD22) has been proposed as a immunologic marker for the diagnosis of B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) while membrane CD22 (mCD22) has been used as the marker for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, B-lineage lymphoma, and hairly cell leukemia, and mCD22 has not been routinely used for the diagnosis and subgrouping of ALL. The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of mCD22 in B-lineage ALL and its clinical significance. METHODS: From 1992 to April, 1998, the leukemic cells of 64 patients newly diagnosed as B-lineage ALL by immunophenotyping were analyzed by the direct immunofluorescence method using monoclonal antibodies including mCD22. RESULTS: mCD22 was positive in 53% (34/64) of all patients, 50% (21/42) of children and 59% (13/22) of adults. According to the immunologic classification, mCD22 was positive in 44% (4/9) of group II, 53% (19/36) of group III, 69% (11/16) of group IV, but negative in 3 cases of group V and VI. The complete remission rate of the mCD22 negative group in group III was significantly higher than that of the mCD22 positive group (P=0.008). There were significant differences in survival rates between the mCD22 positive group and the mCD22 negative group in group II, III and IV (P=0.046) and the above observed significant difference was seen when group III was separately tested (P=0.014). CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that the expression of mCD22 may be a poor prognostic factor in B-lineage ALL and that mCD22 shall be clinically used as a prognostic marker especially in group III, which is most common among the subgroups of B-lineage ALL.
Adult ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; B-Lymphocytes ; Biomarkers ; Child ; Classification ; Cytoplasm ; Diagnosis ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct ; Glycoproteins ; Humans ; Immunophenotyping ; Leukemia ; Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell ; Lymphoma ; Membranes* ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma* ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate

No abstract available.
Osteotomy* ; Rabbits*

No abstract available.
Osteotomy* ; Rabbits*

To know the efficacy of intravenous gammaglobulin(IVGG) treatment and the resulting outcome at 18 months for acute Guillain-Barr syndrome (GBS) in children, clinical courses of 27 GBS patients who had been treated with IVGG in a dose of 1g/kg/day oyer 2 consecutive days were investigated. One died with respiratory failure and 8 patients received assisted ventilatory care with improvement. All consecutively treated patients responded well to IVGG. The mean plateau period in 26 recovered patients was 8.5 days. At the 6th month evaluation, only one failed to reach grade 2 on GBSSG scales. At the 18th month evaluation, minor motor symptoms such as easy fatigability or mild tremor on writing were remained in 9 patients. 9 patients showed mild to moderate febrile response to IVGG infusion, but no significant side effects were noted. IVGG can be chosen as an initial treatment for acute GBS in children because of its rapid effect, relative safety even in unstable patients and convenience of administration.
Child* ; Humans ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Tremor ; Weights and Measures ; Writing

No abstract available.
Heart Valve Diseases* ; Heart Valves* ; Heart*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Inpatients*

PURPOSE: This study was performed to investigate the ultrastructural changes of the optic nerve after intravitreal injection of herpes simplex virus-1. METHODS: Herpes simplex virus was separated from the culture media after observing the cytopathic effect on cultured vero cells. Viruses were then injected on the optic nerve head of 21 rabbit eyes. Eyes were enucleated at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14 days after injection of herpes simplex virus and examined under the electron microscope. RESULTS: The intranuclear inclusion body was noted in eyes examined at 2 days after injection. The histopathological changes were perivascular infiltration of inflammatory cells, cytoskeletal degeneration of large diameter of myelinated nerve, demyelination of axonal nerve fiber, and the accumulation of mitochondria within axonal nerve fiber. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that optic neuritis may be induced by herpes simplex virus. The accumulation of mitochondria may be related to the interruption of the axonal transport through the axonal nerve fibers of optic nerve.
Axonal Transport ; Axons ; Culture Media ; Demyelinating Diseases ; Herpes Simplex* ; Intranuclear Inclusion Bodies ; Intravitreal Injections ; Mitochondria ; Myelin Sheath ; Nerve Fibers ; Optic Disk ; Optic Nerve ; Optic Neuritis* ; Rabbits* ; Simplexvirus ; Vero Cells

OBJECTIVES: Delirium is a disorder defined as a sudden disturbance in thinking, speaking, acting and sleep pattern due to altered level of consciousness and cognitive function. The objective of this study is to analyze characteristics and therapeutic methods of the delirious patients during the recent 5 years, and provide basic data for further studies and investigation regarding delirium in the occurrence and treatment. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 475 patients who were consulted for delirium in Kyunghee University Medical Center from January 2007 to December 2011. RESULTS: During the 5 years, among the 475 patients who were diagnosed as delirium, men were more common(61.7%). The most commonly consulted reason and cause were sleep disturbance(80.8%) and post-operational delirium(30.9%), respectively. The medication prescription percentage was 76.6% and was significantly increased year after year. Ratio of using antipsychotics were 76.4% among prescribed medication and the most frequently prescribed antipsychotic drug was quetiapine(46.8%). Other specialists commonly misdiagnosed delirium when the patient was previously diagnosed as dementia(6.8%). CONCLUSIONS: In our study, post-operational delirium was the most commonly referred reason and the percentage of medication prescription tended to increase. Patients with history of dementia were more easily misdiagnosed as diseases other than delirium. Our study suggests that we should evaluate symptoms, causes, reasons of consultation, management tendency of delirium. We should also closely observe changes in sleep patterns and establish the prevention strategies for post-operational delirium and therapeutic bases for pharmacotherapy.
Academic Medical Centers ; Antipsychotic Agents ; Consciousness Disorders ; Delirium ; Dementia ; Humans ; Male ; Medical Records ; Prescriptions ; Retrospective Studies ; Specialization ; Thinking

The abnormalities in Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA) axis are associated with many psychiatric symptoms including depression. We present a report of a 71 year old man who was admitted to the psychiatric department presenting symptoms of headache, avolition, loss of energy, psychomotor retardation, poor appetite, insomnia, anxiety resulting from adrenal insufficiency and hypopituitarism. Hypothyroidism and electrolyte disturbance were managed and headache, insomnia, anxiety, GI symptoms were improved. But he remained in anergic state. After discharge, he was readmitted to infection department with high fever and drowsy mentality. Adrenal insufficiency was recognized and he was treated with corticosteroid replacement therapy. Finally his diagnosis was made as panhypopituitarism and overall symptoms were resolved. In this case, we showed how the atypical symptoms resulting from hypopituitarism develop and progress. Hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency, and growth hormone deficiency resulting secondarily from panhypopituitarism were associated with various nonspecific symptoms such as loss of energy, fatigue, insomnia, weight loss, decreased appetite etc. In clinical situation, differential diagnosis with depression is needed when clinicians were met a patient with these nonspecific symptoms. It is important that laboratory tests and differential diagnosis with endocrine diseases should be conducted, especially in geriatric patients with nonspecific symptoms like anergia, fatigue, poor appetite and so on.
Adrenal Insufficiency ; Anxiety ; Appetite ; Axis ; Depression ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Endocrine System Diseases ; Fatigue ; Fever ; Growth Hormone ; Headache ; Humans ; Hypopituitarism ; Hypothyroidism ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Weight Loss