BACKGROUND: This study was performed to compare anesthetic agents and adjuvants for general anesthesia or regional anesthesia between university hospitals, resident-training general hospitals and hospitals without training program of residents. METHODS: We surveyed university hospitals, resident-training hospitals and hospitals without training program of residents and divided randomly each hospital groups to become twenty hospitals. We compared the use frequency of inhalation anesthetics, muscle relaxants, induction agents, reversing agents, local anesthetics, premedicants, cardiovascular drugs and plasma expanders. RESULTS: Enflurane was most commonly used inhalation anesthetic in all hospital groups. Isoflurane was less commonly used inhalation anesthetic in hospitals without training program of residents. Pancuronium was most commonly used muscle relaxant in university hospitals. Midazolam, ketamine, fentanyl, propofol were commonly used induction agents during induction in university hospitals and resident-training general hospitals. Differences of use frequency of local anesthetics among hospital groups were not significant, but epinephrine mixing with local anesthetics was more frequent in university hospitals and resident-training general hospitals. Midazolam as a premedicant and norepinephrine, phenylephrine, amrinone, esmolol, pentastarch were less used in hospitals without training program of residents. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that university hospitals and resident-training general hospitals didn't show difference in anesthestics or adjuvants but hospitals without training program of residents used less commonly isoflurane, atracurium, midazolam, ketamine, propofol, fentanyl, cardiovascular drugs and pentastarch.
Amrinone ; Anesthesia, Conduction ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthetics* ; Anesthetics, Inhalation ; Anesthetics, Local ; Atracurium ; Cardiovascular Agents ; Education ; Enflurane ; Epinephrine ; Fentanyl ; Hospitals, General* ; Hospitals, University* ; Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives ; Inhalation ; Isoflurane ; Ketamine ; Midazolam ; Norepinephrine ; Pancuronium ; Phenylephrine ; Plasma ; Propofol

No abstract available.

Retropsoas space below the level of kidney has been suggested as a portion of inferior extensions of perirenal and anterior and posterior pararenal spaces. With this being true, the space may play an important role in disease extension. A study was performed to verify the existence of retropsoas peritoneal recess by means of identifying the extension of bowel loops into this space. Abdominal CT scans of 146 cases evaluated retrospectively revealed extension of 5 small bowel and 7 large bowel loops (6 descending and 1 ascending colons)(n=12/8.2%) into the retropsoas space verifying its existence. Since pathologic collection within the retropsoas space might be falsely inter preted as a retroperitoneal pathology and percutaneous uroradiologic intervention could result in intraperitoneal injury or contamination without the knowledge on the existence of this space, observation of this space is essential in CT scans.
Kidney ; Pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Animals ; Cerebral Cortex* ; Imipramine* ; Rats* ; Receptors, Adrenergic*

No abstract available.
Guinea*

The cornell medical index is self-administered instrument that collects a large body of significant medical and psychiatric data. The original C. M. I. consists of 195 questions, but authors selected 60 questions from the original C. M. I. to simplify it. The purpose of this investigation is to clarify if there are any correlations between low back pain and extraskeletal disorders. This investigation was conducted on 144 in-and out-patients who were treated at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,Our Lady of Mercy Hospital, Catholic Medical College from Jan. to July 1977. Among them 75 patients were male,69 patients were female, and 22 patients had decompression laminectomy and discectomy. The results of this investigation are as follows; 1. The majority of patients with low back pain are 2nd to 4th decade. (Male: 30±10.7) (Femal:36.1±10.5) 2. Average number of complaints is 19.9/60 in male, 21.8/60 in female. 3. Complaints in section F(Fatigability) and G(mental) are predominant in all cases. 4. There are no significant difference in number of complaints between the operative and non-operative case, and between each decade.
Cornell Medical Index ; Decompression ; Diskectomy ; Female ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; Low Back Pain ; Male ; Outpatients

No abstract available in English.
Amputation

This is the clinical studies of 171cases of acute poisoning in pediatric age which were visited at the emergency room of Han-gang Sacred Heart Hospital during the past 2 years and 5 months (Apr., 1974~Aug., 1976). The results were summerized as followings; 1. The incidence of acute poisoning among the emergency pediatric patients were 2.3%(171/7,310). 2. The sex ratio of male to female was 1.5:1. 3. The peak age group was 2 to 5 years of age (41.5%). 4. The peak incidence in a year was shown in August (17.5%) with prominence in summer season (47.3%). 5. The accidental poisoning was occured the most frequently from 4: 00 P.M. to 8:00P.M. during the day. 6. The motive of poisoning was mainly accidental causes (85.9%). 7. The most frequent causative substances were insecticides (29.8%) and then rodenticides (14%), D.D.S. (8.8%), reserpine (4.1%) were the next causes. 8. RH-787 poisoning were occured in 4 cases with the complication of diabetes mellitus 2 cases. 9. In poisonous plants, there were azalea (Rhododendron) poisoning (4 cases) and Gingko biloba Linne fruit poisoning (1 case).
Child* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Emergencies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Fruit ; Ginkgo biloba ; Heart ; Humans ; Incidence ; Insecticides ; Male ; Plants, Toxic ; Poisoning* ; Reserpine ; Rodenticides ; Seasons ; Sex Ratio

No abstract available.
DNA* ; Laryngeal Neoplasms*

BACKGROUND: It is not yet clear whether the abnormal cytokine production in relation to serum IgE levels in atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with the amount of mRNA of cytokine gene. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to delineate the effect of reciprocal correlation in the level of mRNA between interleukin-4 (I") and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in severe AD. METHODS: We examined 15 cases including 5 AD patients with high serum IgE (>2,000 kU/liter), 5 AD patients with low serum IgE (<100 kU/liter), and 5 healthy controls. Using semi quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, IL-4 and IFN-γ gene expressions in peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMC) were examined. RESULTS: 1) IL-4 gene expression in spontaneous PBMC was higher in AD patient groups than in control group, significantly higher only in AD patient group with high serum IgE level (p < 0.05). 2) IFN-γ gene expression in spontaneous PBMC showed increased tendency in AD patient groups than in control group without statistical significance. 3) IL-4 and IFN-γ gene expressions in stimulated PBMC were not different among all three groups. CONCLUSION: In light of our results, high and low IgE subgroups in AD can exist and AD may not be R characterized by the shift in the reciprocal relationship between IL-4 and IFN-γ when T cells are stimulated under antigen presenting cell-independent conditions.
Dermatitis, Atopic ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E* ; Interferon-gamma* ; Interleukin-4* ; RNA, Messenger ; T-Lymphocytes