Diabetes mellitus, obstructive uropathy and urinary infection were considered to be most important in the etiology of renal papillary necrosis in the past literature. However, since 1953, Spuhler and Zollinger reported an association between phenacetin abuse and renal papillary necrosis, the most frequent cause of renal papillary necrosis has been diabetes mellitus, while analgesic abuse (contained phenacetin) has been the second most common factor in recent reports. In the more recent literature, most of the patient have had neither obstructive uropathy nor urinary infection, and it is quite possible that there two condition are of no direct etiological significance. But in this case, we can not suggest definite etiological factor except urinary infection clinically. Only one case is reported showing clinical manifestations laboratory findings, pyelographic findings and pathological changes compare with previous papers.
Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Necrosis* ; Phenacetin

Langerhans sell bistiocytosis(LCH) is a reactive disease in which abnomal Langerhans cells accurnulate in various body sites and cause damage to affected organs. LCH usually occurs in childrea bur can also affect adults although rarely. LCH in a case of 65-year-old man initially involwed the lymph nodes (left supraclacicular and right inguinal area) and pelvis bone, and eight months later curancous involvement was noted. The skin lesions were waxy from the waxy papules showed that the dense infiltrate, ptedominantly of histiocytes, was present in the dermis, Immunohistochemistry for S-100 protein showed positive staining snd electron miscoroscopy disclosed Birbeck granules, which is characteristic findings of Langerhans cells.
Adult* ; Aged ; Dermis ; Histiocytes ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell* ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Langerhans Cells ; Lymph Nodes ; Pelvis ; S100 Proteins ; Skin

No abstract available.
Granuloma* ; Intubation*

OBJECTIVES: The present study was designed to determine the characteristics of shift work and the relationship between shift work and the level of self-rated health using the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study (KLIPS) data, which represents urban households in Korea. METHODS: Using the 9th wave of KLIPS, this study analyzed 2,087 male workers aged 25 to 64 years; participants missing data were excluded from analysis. To determine the impact of shift work on the level of self-rated health, logistic regression analysis was applied that controlled for socio-demographic characteristics, labor environment, and health-related behaviors. RESULTS: Shift workers comprised 13.4% of study subjects overall. The majority(69.2%) of participants were in 2-teams and in 2-shifts. Week 1 shift cycle changes were the highest, 56.3%. The risk of poor self-rated health was not significantly higher among shift workers compared to non-shift workers (OR=1.08, 95% CI=0.79~1.48). When divided by tenure, shift workers with more than 10-years experience (OR=1.79, 95% CI=0.91~3.50) tended to show greater risk than non-shift workers at marginal significance. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, a significantly higher risk of self-rated poor health among shift workers was not observed. However, shift workers with more than 10-years experience tended to show increased health risk compared to non-shift workers. Further studies are required to determine time-series data and to consider both healthy worker effect and information bias.
Aged ; Bias (Epidemiology) ; Family Characteristics ; Healthy Worker Effect ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Male

No abstract available.
Bone Marrow Transplantation* ; Bone Marrow* ; Graft vs Host Disease* ; Humans ; Meningoencephalitis* ; Streptococcus pneumoniae* ; Streptococcus*

No abstract available.
Bone Marrow Transplantation* ; Bone Marrow* ; Graft vs Host Disease* ; Humans ; Meningoencephalitis* ; Streptococcus pneumoniae* ; Streptococcus*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The retrocaval dissection, with venous collaterals, is sometimes difficult, making subsequent hemostasis less easy during orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT). We have recently applied a modified technique of vena caval preservation during OLT, and undertook this study to evaluate retrospectively its effects. METHODS: Five patients with liver cirrhosis underwent a modified OLT from March 1999 through July 2001. The procedure includes a side to side anastomosis between the IVC of the donor and the recipient without vena cava occlusion during OLT. RESULTS: This technique pemitted the avoidance of vena caval occlusion in all cases. We could performed OLT without venovenous bypass in 3 patients who tolerated the temporary portal clamping test before the recipient hepatectomy. As retrocaval dissection was not performed, hemostasis was esier during anhepatic phase. We could reduce anhepatic phase into average 60 minutes from only one caval anastomosis during OLT. CONCLUSIONS: We think this alternative technique, requiring only one caval anastomosis, can reduce the duration of the anhepatic phase and the need for venous bypass.
Constriction ; Hemostasis ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver Transplantation* ; Liver* ; Retrospective Studies ; Tissue Donors

OBJECTIVE: Symptomatic epidural fluid collection (EFC) arising as a complication of cranioplasty is underestimated and poorly described. The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors for development of symptomatic EFC after cranioplasty following traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS: From January 2010 to December 2014, 82 cranioplasties following decompressive hemicraniectomy for TBI were performed by a single surgeon. Of these 82 patients, 17 were excluded from this study due to complications including postoperative hematoma, hydrocephalus, or infection. Sixty-five patients were divided into 2 groups based on whether they had developed symptomatic EFC: 13 patients required an evacuation operation due to symptomatic EFC after cranioplasty (Group I), and 52 obtained good outcome without development of symptomatic EFC (Group II). We compared the 2 groups to identify the risk factors for symptomatic EFC according to sex, age, initial diagnosis, timing of cranioplasty, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage during cranioplasty, size of bone flap, and bone material. RESULTS: A large bone flap and CSF leakage during cranioplasty were identified as the statistically significant risk factors (p<0.05) for development of symptomatic EFC. In Group I, 11 patients were treated successfully with 5 L catheter drainage, but 2 patients showed recurrent EFC, eventually necessitating bone flap removal. CONCLUSION: A larger skull defect and intraoperative CSF leakage are proposed to be the significant risk factors for development of symptomatic EFC. Careful attention to avoid CSF leakage during cranioplasty is needed to minimize the occurrence of EFC, especially in cases featuring a large cranial defect.
Brain Injuries* ; Catheters ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Decompressive Craniectomy* ; Diagnosis ; Drainage ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Risk Factors ; Skull

This experiment was performed to evaluate the morphological responses of the rectal intestinal glands of the mouse, inoculated with Ehrlich carcinoma cells, following administration of adriamycin or composition of the extracts of the Croton tiglium and Coptis chinensis rhizome (CP-2, Institute of Experimental Tumor Research, Seoul, Korea). Healthy adult ICR mice weighing 25 gm each were divided into normal and experimental groups (tumor control group, adriamycin treated group, and CP-2 treated group). In the experimental groups, each mouse was inoculated with 1 x 10(7) Ehrlich carcinoma cells subcutaneously in the inguinal area. From next day, 0.2 mL of saline, adriamycin (2 mg/kg) or CP-2 (30 mg/kg) were injected subcutaneously to the animals every other day, respectively. The day following the 7th injection of anticancer drugs, each mouse was injected with a single dose of 0.7 microCi/gm of methyl- 3H-thymidine through tail vein. Seventy minutes after the thymidine injection, animals were sacrificed. and rectal tissues were collected and fixed in 10% neutral formalin. Deparaffinized sections were coated with autoradiographic emulsion EM-1 (Amersham Lab., England) in the dark room and dried. The number of the labeled epithelial cells of the rectal crypts (mean number of labeled epithelial cells per 3.5 mm length of mucosa) were observed and calculated. On histological study, in the rectum of adriamycin treated groups, length of the intestinal crypts is shorter than those of the normal control ones. Disrupted intestinal crypts and epithelial cells were observed. But in the CP-2 treated group, morphological changes of the rectum were not observed. On autoradiographic study, number of the labeled cells of normal control, rumor control, adriamycin-treated, CP-2-treated groups were 263.1 (+/-38.65), 395.7 (+/-52.52), 73.3 (+/-22.54), 96.3 (+/-28.36), respectively. In the adriamycin and CP-2 treated groups., poorly-labeled cells containing only a few silver grains of 3H-thymidine were observed more frequently than in those of the normal and tumor control groups. But in the tumor control group, number of the heavy labeled cells were observed more frequently than in those of the normal control group. From the above results, adriamycin and CP-2 may suppress the DNA synthesis of the cells of the rectal crypts. But CP-2 does not result any histological defect on the rectal mucosa. These results suggest that CP-2 is expected as one of most effective anticancer drugs.
Adult ; Animals ; Edible Grain ; Coptis ; Croton ; DNA ; Doxorubicin* ; Epithelial Cells ; Formaldehyde ; Humans ; Intestinal Mucosa ; Mice* ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Mucous Membrane* ; Rectum ; Rhizome ; Seoul ; Silver ; Thymidine ; Veins

The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the stress distribution on the length and diameter of the miniscrew and cortical bone width. Three dimensional finite element models were made of diameter 1.2mm, 1.6mm, 2.0mm and length 6.0mm, 8.0mm, 10.0mm, 12.0mm and cortical bone width 1.0mm. Also, another three dimensional finite element models were made of diameter 1.2mm, 1.6mm, 2.0mm and length 8.0mm and cortical bone width 1.0mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm. Two-hundred grams horizontal force were applied on the center of the miniscrew head and at that stress distribution and its magnitude had been analyzed by ANSYS, which is three dimensional finite element analysis program. The obtained results were as follows : 1. The comparison of the maximum von-Mises stress in the miniscrew showed that as the diameter increases from 1.2mm to 2.0mm stress has been decreased, while on the same diameter stress was not changed regardless of the length change. 2. The comparison of the maximum von-Mises stress in the cortical and cancellous bone showed that as the diameter increases from 1.2mm to 2.0mm stress has been decreased, while on the same diameter stress was not changed regardless of the length change. 3. In the analysis of the stress distribution in the cortical and cancellous bone, the most of the stress had been absorbed in the cortical bone, and did not transmitted much to the cancellous bone. 4. In the analysis of the maximum von-Mises stress according to the cortical bone width, the same diameter of the miniscrew showed a constant stress value regardless of the cortical bone width change. The above results suggest that the maintenance of the miniscrew is more reliable on diameter than length of the miniscrew.
Finite Element Analysis ; Head