Adipose tissue is an ideal tissue to use as an autologous substitute with which to approach tissue deficiency. Clinically, the use of fat grafts and adipose-derived stem cells has dramatically increased worldwide for reconstructive and aesthetic purposes. Human adipose tissue contains a population of pluripotent stem cells capable of differentiating along multiple mesenchymal cell lineages. Adipose tissue is an abundant, expendable, and easily obtained tissue that may prove to be an ideal source of autologous stem cells for regenerating tissues. The recent identification and characterization of multilineage cells from human adipose tissue has been met with a great deal of excitement by the field of tissue engineering. The authors' laboratory has characterized a population of cells obtained from human adipose tissue that have the capacity to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, and neuron-like cells in vitro. This article summarizes the basic study of the adipose tissue as a multipotential stem cell source of tissue engineering techniques that are currently being developed to solve common aesthetic problems.
Adipocytes ; Adipose Tissue ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Transplantation ; Chondrocytes ; Humans ; Osteoblasts ; Pluripotent Stem Cells ; Stem Cells ; Tissue Engineering ; Transplants

No abstract available.

Suture threads have been the mainstay material for bonding biologic tissues in the medical field, and are still used as the basic method for wound closure; on the other hand, various types of medical glue have also been continuously developed as an alternative approach. Cyanoacrylate, fibrin glue, protein glue, polyethylene glycol polymer hydrogel glue, and mussel protein are currently marketed as clinical products; among these, cyanoacrylate and fibrin glue are the most widely used bonding materials. Cyanoacrylate hardens rapidly with a high bonding strength, but is vulnerable to external stress and has tissue toxicity; fibrin glue may be easily applied on wide tissue surfaces and has an excellent hemostatic effect, but has a weak bonding strength and may provide a spreading source for infectious disease through its blood components. A perfect bonding material without such disadvantages is yet to be developed, and it is important to use each product judiciously with regard to its merits and drawbacks. Many types of medical glue are being developed and marketed in more medically advanced countries, and their usage in the medical field is constantly increasing. Global markets for such medical bonding products are undergoing rapid expansion; therefore, active research and development in the relevant fields is imperative.
Adhesives* ; Bivalvia ; Communicable Diseases ; Cyanoacrylates ; Fibrin Tissue Adhesive ; Hand ; Hydrogel ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Polymers ; Sutures ; Tissue Adhesives ; Wounds and Injuries

No abstract available.
Wounds and Injuries*

Based on the histopathologic findings of the lacrimal gland tumor, the lesion is classified as either epithelial or nonepithelial tumor. 22% of lacrimal gland lesions were primary epithelial neoplasm. 4%of epithelial tumor of lacrimal glands were primary malignant tumor. Squamous cell carcinoma arising from pleomorphic adenoma of lacrimal gland is a very rare(0.4%). Inspite of surgical intervention, postoperative radiation and chemotherapy, the mortality and recurrence rate of the carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of lacrimal gland is very high. We report a case of squamous cell carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of lacrimal gland, which was completely removed via lateral orbitotomy with bicoronal incision and had no major complication or recurrence.
Adenoma* ; Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Drug Therapy ; Lacrimal Apparatus* ; Mortality ; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial ; Recurrence

BACKGROUND: The prenatal ultrasound detection of cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) and its continuous management in the prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal periods using a multidisciplinary team approach can be beneficial for parents and their infants. In this report, we share our experiences with the prenatal detection of CL/P and the multidisciplinary management of this malformation in our institution's Congenital Disease Center. METHODS: The multidisciplinary team of the Congenital Disease Center for mothers of children with CL/P is composed of obstetricians, plastic and reconstructive surgeons, pediatricians, and psychiatrists. A total of 11 fetuses were diagnosed with CL/P from March 2009 to December 2013, and their mothers were referred to the Congenital Disease Center of our hospital. When CL/P is suspected in the prenatal ultrasound screening examination, the pregnant woman is referred to our center for further evaluation. RESULTS: The abortion rate was 28% (3/11). The concordance rate of the sonographic and final diagnoses was 100%. Ten women (91%) reported that they were satisfied with the multidisciplinary management in our center. CONCLUSIONS: Although a child with a birth defect is unlikely to be received well, the women whose fetuses were diagnosed with CL/P on prenatal ultrasound screening and who underwent multidisciplinary team management were more likely to decide to continue their pregnancy.
Abortion, Induced ; Child ; Cleft Lip* ; Cleft Palate ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Craniofacial Abnormalities ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fetus ; Humans ; Infant ; Interdisciplinary Communication ; Mass Screening ; Mothers ; Palate* ; Parents ; Plastics ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Prenatal Care* ; Psychiatry ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: Pemphigus vulgaris, a rare autoimmune blistering disease of the skin and mucous membranes remains a challenging disease to treat. Management is focused on immunotherapy against autoimmune antibodies that target keratinocyte cell adhesion molecules, and antibiotics preventing secondary infections. There is no established dressing protocol and skin is usually manipulated the least amount possible in order to minimize irritation. The authors suggest that early initiation of aggressive bathing and debridement of skin lesions, with nutritional support, is essential in accelerating resolution. METHODS: A 40 year-old male previously diagnosed with pemphigus vulgaris was admitted due to exacerbation of mucocutaneous lesions involving the epidermis and mucosa of the whole body. Steroids, immunosuppressants, intravenous immunoglobulin and antibiotics were administrated, but infection and de-epithelialization progressed, while his general condition deteriorated with a weight loss of over 20 kilograms. The plastic surgery department intervened with daily bathing, debridement of unhealthy debris and non-traumatizing coverage of growing epithelium. Total parenteral nutrition and mobilization with rehabilitation therapy was initiated as early as possible. RESULTS: After bathing, healthy epithelium gradually covered the patient's entire body, while his general condition improved with a corresponding weight gain of 14 kgs. CONCLUSION: Treatment of pemphigus vulgaris focuses on immunotherapy and infection control. However, an equal amount of attention should be laid on early intervention with daily dressings including bathing and irrigation, nutritional support, and exercise as this accelerates resolution of existing infections, promotes healthy epithelialization and leads to faster recovery.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antibodies ; Bandages ; Baths ; Blister ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; Coinfection ; Debridement ; Early Intervention (Education) ; Epidermis ; Epithelium ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Immunotherapy ; Infection Control ; Keratinocytes ; Male ; Mucous Membrane ; Nutritional Support ; Parenteral Nutrition, Total ; Pemphigus ; Skin ; Steroids ; Surgery, Plastic ; Weight Gain ; Weight Loss

Pressure sores are common complications in patients with spinal injuries or cerebrovascular accidents. The management of pressure sores requires prolonged hospitalization and repeated surgical interventions with a high recurrence rate. Particularly osteomyelitis following initial pressure sores persistently complicates wound healing and recovery. Furthermore, it may also ultimately result in serious sepsis; thus an early diagnosis of osteomyelitis in pressure sore patients is crucial along with appropriate surgical and antibiotic therapy. Although many diagnostic methods were reported, there is no single 'gold' standard for early diagnosis of pressure sore-associated osteomyelitis. Authors reviewed pre-operative CBC, plain X-ray, Tc-99m bone scan, and post-operative biopsy results in 37 patients who had received surgical treatment for pressure sores in a 5-year period from September 1991 to August 1996. Based on these reviews, authors compared and analyzed the sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing osteomyelitis.The results were as follows: 1. Of 37 patients studied, 25 cases were confirmed histologically as osteomyelitis. Ischial region revealed the highest incidence of pressure sore-related osteomyelitis(78%, 14 out of 18 cases) while the regional incidence was as following in descending order : ischial, sacral, and greater trochanteric area. 2. Tc-99m bone scan had superior sensitivity(100%) and specificity(83%) to other pre-operative studies in diagnosing osteomyelitis.In conclusion, authors suggest that Tc-99m bone scan is the best diagnostic method because of its high sensitivity and specificity if osteomyelitis is clinically suspected in pressure sore patients. And in case the test result is positive, agressive surgical bone resection and appropriate antibiotic therapy based on bacterial culture from deep bone specimen should be combined to prevent complications or recurrences.
Biopsy ; Early Diagnosis ; Femur ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Osteomyelitis ; Pressure Ulcer* ; Recurrence ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sepsis ; Spinal Injuries ; Stroke ; Wound Healing

Collagen is the major component of scar tissue. Considerable progress of fibroblast growth kinetics and of collagen synthesis has been achieved in the past decade. We have been interested in fibroblasts activities as they are expressed by cells cultured in collagen substrate. This study is to examine the effects of collagen substrate and peptide growth factors In culture medium on DNA and protein synthesis of human dermal fibroblasts. Collagen, interleukin-1(IL-1) and transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-beta) were added to fibroblast culture media according to the designed experiment model and DNA and protein synthesis were measured by [3H]-thymidine, [3H]-leucine, and [3H]-proline incorporation method. The morphological features of fibroblasts were observed by light microscope. The results were as follows ; 1) There were significant decreases of DNA and protein synthesis of cultured fibroblasts in the presence of collagen substrate compared with those in Control groups(p<0.01). 2) DNA and protein synthesis were decreased as dose dependant manner of collagen density in culture media. 3) Morphological features of fibroblasts became less stellate and flat, more spindle-like in the presence of collagen. 4) In responsiveness to IL-1, collagen non-treated groups responded to IL-1 but collagen treated groups were unresponsive to IL-1 (P<0.05). 5) Cells In collagen non-treated groups responded to TGF-beta as dose-related manner(P<0.01). Collagen treated groups desponded to TGF-beta but did not show TGF-beta dose-dependant relationship. In Conclusion, collagen substrate in the culture medium could lower the DNA and protein synthesis of fibroblasts. Cells in collagen substrate were unresponsive or less responsive to peptide growth factors than those in non-collagen substrate.
Cicatrix ; Collagen* ; Culture Media ; DNA* ; Fibroblasts* ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Interleukin-1 ; Kinetics ; Transforming Growth Factor beta

No abstract available.
Mucocele* ; Paranasal Sinuses*