No abstract available.
Accidents, Traffic*

BACKGROUND: The Cobas(R) Integra is a new automated chemistry analyzer with continuous and random-access features for routine chemistries, specific proteins, electrolytes, therapeutic drugs and drugs of abuse. The system maintains 68 test-specific reagent cassettes on board and have test principles of absorbance photometry, immunoturbidometry, fluorescence polarization and ISE measurements. We evaluated the usefulness of Cobas(R) Integra in the aspect of accuracy, precision, linearity, comparison study, test speed and general performance. METHODS: We evaluated the analytical performance of the Cobas(R) Integra for T. bilirubin, CRP, BUN, creatinine, sodium, potassium, chloride, valproic acid, phenytoin and carbamazepine according to NCCLS guidelines (EP5-T2, EP6-P, EP9-T and GP10-T). RESULTS: In accuracy study, error ranges(%) of most test items, except sodium and chloride, were within analytic goals. In within-run and between-run precision study, Coefficient of variation (CV, %) of most items, except sodium, were lower than limits suggested by College of American Pathologists Survey 1991. The linearities were maintained well in the range of medically significant levels and were statistically acceptable (p<0.001). The comparison study for most items, except sodium and chloride, indicated good correlation with Hitachi 747 and TDx FLx(TM) and correlation coefficients (r) were above 0.98. Throughput was about 450 tests/hr. CONCLUSIONS: Cobas(R) Integra showed satisfactory accuracy, precision, linearity, good correlation with other analyzers and high throughput. So, we concluded that Cobas(R) integra is highly suitable for not only routine use but also emergency tests in medium to large-sized hospitals because of its high productivity and reliability.
Bilirubin ; Carbamazepine ; Chemistry* ; Creatinine ; Efficiency ; Electrolytes ; Emergencies ; Fluorescence Polarization ; Phenytoin ; Photometry ; Potassium ; Sodium ; Street Drugs ; Valproic Acid

BACKGROUND: The Cobas(R) Integra is a new automated chemistry analyzer with continuous and random-access features for routine chemistries, specific proteins, electrolytes, therapeutic drugs and drugs of abuse. The system maintains 68 test-specific reagent cassettes on board and have test principles of absorbance photometry, immunoturbidometry, fluorescence polarization and ISE measurements. We evaluated the usefulness of Cobas(R) Integra in the aspect of accuracy, precision, linearity, comparison study, test speed and general performance. METHODS: We evaluated the analytical performance of the Cobas(R) Integra for T. bilirubin, CRP, BUN, creatinine, sodium, potassium, chloride, valproic acid, phenytoin and carbamazepine according to NCCLS guidelines (EP5-T2, EP6-P, EP9-T and GP10-T). RESULTS: In accuracy study, error ranges(%) of most test items, except sodium and chloride, were within analytic goals. In within-run and between-run precision study, Coefficient of variation (CV, %) of most items, except sodium, were lower than limits suggested by College of American Pathologists Survey 1991. The linearities were maintained well in the range of medically significant levels and were statistically acceptable (p<0.001). The comparison study for most items, except sodium and chloride, indicated good correlation with Hitachi 747 and TDx FLx(TM) and correlation coefficients (r) were above 0.98. Throughput was about 450 tests/hr. CONCLUSIONS: Cobas(R) Integra showed satisfactory accuracy, precision, linearity, good correlation with other analyzers and high throughput. So, we concluded that Cobas(R) integra is highly suitable for not only routine use but also emergency tests in medium to large-sized hospitals because of its high productivity and reliability.
Bilirubin ; Carbamazepine ; Chemistry* ; Creatinine ; Efficiency ; Electrolytes ; Emergencies ; Fluorescence Polarization ; Phenytoin ; Photometry ; Potassium ; Sodium ; Street Drugs ; Valproic Acid

A case of arterial priapism was treated by superselective transcatheteric autologous clot embolization of cavernosal artery 25 days after blunt periheal trauma. No immediate improvement was noted but the priapism subsided on 48th day after the procedure. Normal physiclogic erectlie function was achieved on 53rd day after the procedure, and the period of postprocedure impotence was shortened, as compared with previously reported cases. Autologous blood clot embolization may be an effective treatment method even in delayed priapism, and superselective technique is thought to be more effective to shorten the postprocedure erectlie dysfunction
Arteries ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Male ; Priapism*

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in the concern and attitudes of Nursing students toward the disabled before and after the disability experience program. METHOD: 151 Nursing students with clinical practice in National rehabilitation hospital were conveniently selected as the subject. All subjects had experience the disability program, and their attitudes toward the disabled were measured before and after the 3hours' program. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS 11.0 with paired t-test. RESULTS: 1. The concern toward the disabled after their disability experience program was more positive than before(t= -4.930, p= .000). 2. The attitudes toward the disabled after their disability experience program was more positive than before(t=5.892, p=.000). 3. The appreciation of daily life after their disability experience program was higher than before(t=- -8.563, p= .000). CONCLUSION: In summary, the disability experience program should be effective in order to promote the positive attitude toward the disabled. Therefore expansion of this program is of profound significant.
Humans ; Nursing* ; Rehabilitation ; Students, Nursing*

We have recently managed three cases of cerebellar hemangioblastomas in adult male in which the vertebral angiograms and C-T scan led us to diagnose the vascular mass lesions involving the right, left lobe and superior vermis respectively. Polycythemia, angiomatosis retinae and familial incidence were not detected but signs of increased intracranial pressure and of cerebellar dysfunction in varying degrees were common to all three cases. The duration of symptoms and signs ranged from weeks to years. The lesion in the right lobe was a fairly large mass harboring multiple small cysts in it and able to removed completely. The mass in the left lobe was paramedian in location and obstructing the 4 th ventricle. It was also large and entirely cystic accompanying a mural nodule in it and easily removed completely. The lesion occupying the cerebellar vermis was a large solid one and extending diffusely up to posterior third ventricle region and could only be removed partially.
Adult ; Cerebellar Diseases ; Hemangioblastoma* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intracranial Pressure ; Male ; Polycythemia ; Third Ventricle ; von Hippel-Lindau Disease

The selection of the chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of the urologic malignancy was one of the difficult problem in urologic practice. After the development of the in vivo sensitivity test using subrenal capsular implantation of the cancer tissue, a lot of the application of this assay were performed in various field of the advanced malignancies. We examined the histopathological changes of the implanted urologic cancer tissues under the renal capsule of the mice. The specimens, implanted under the renal capsule, were 14 cases of the bladder cancer, 2 cases of the renal cell carcinoma and one case of the prostatic carcinoma. In experiment, we used 472 immunocompetent normal mice and divide them into two groups, non-immunosuppressed normal mice and immunosuppressed group with intravenous infusion of the cyclophosphamide 200mg/kg 24 hours prior to assay. As the control group, we used athymic nude mice for human urologic cancer and C3H/He strain for MBT-2 bladder cancer. The results we found were as follow ; 1. The growth of the implanted cancer tissues was noticed in 270 mice among 291 which were sacrificed until the 6th postoperative day and the take rate was 92.8%. 2. The growth of the implanted cancer tissues was continuous until the 6th postoperative day progressively but reduced thereafter in immunocompetent group. But in immunosuppressed group, it showed progressive growth of the implanted tissue until the 8th postoperative day. The growth of the control group was similar to the immunosuppressed group, until the 6th postoperative day. 3. Calculation of the proportion of the host cellular infiltration in total dimension of the grafted tissue was done and in immunocompetent group, the 4th postoperative day group was 27.3%, the 6th postoperative group was 89.4% and the 8th postoperative group was 100%. But in contrast in immunosuppressed group, at the 4th postoperative day group was less than 10%, the 6th postoperative day was 29.4% and at the 8th postoperative day group was 91.7%. With above histopathological study, we conclude that the most easy and reasonable subrenal capsular assay(SRCA) in the in vivo chemosensitivity test for the selection of the anticancer chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of the malignancy is the test performed under the immunosuppressed state with cyclophosphamide, 24 hours prior to SRCA, and the results is the most proper at the examination at postoperative 6th day after implantation.
Animals ; Biological Assay ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Cyclophosphamide ; Humans* ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Transplants ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urologic Neoplasms*

Juvenile dermatomyositis is an uncommon autoimmune disease with classic heliotrope discoloration of eyelids, erythematous skin rash of joints and proximal muscle weakness. Quite different from adults, malignancy is rarely accompanied in juvenile dermatomyositis. However vasculitis, muscle atrophy, calcification and gastrointestinal involvement are often observed in juvenile dermatomyositis. A six year old boy was admitted with chief complaints of general weakness and skin rash. Muscle biopsy was performed which was consistent with dermatomyositis. The patient was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin, steroid, methotrexate and physiotherapy. We report a case of juvenile dermatomyositis.
Adult ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Biopsy ; Dermatomyositis* ; Exanthema ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Joints ; Male ; Methotrexate ; Muscle Weakness ; Muscular Atrophy ; Vasculitis

Chordomas are congenital tumor which develop from remnant of the notochord. Most of them arise at the clivus Blumenbachii, at the junction of the sphenoidal and occipital bones or sacrococcygeal region. Rarely chordomas arise at the thoracic spine, which compress the spinal cord epidurally and sometimes invade the substance of the spinal cord. The authors report a case of chordoma at T9-T10 vertebral level in which the characteristic "physaliferous" cells were found in the slides of operative specimen. The tumor was compressing the spinal cord and extending into body and lamine of the vertebra, which resulted the patient, 52 year-old Korean male, in paraplegia.
Chordoma* ; Cranial Fossa, Posterior ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Notochord ; Occipital Bone ; Paraplegia ; Sacrococcygeal Region ; Spinal Cord ; Spine*

Recently, motor evoked potential(MEP) using cortical surface of transcranial stimulation have been used to monitor the integrity of motor pathways and map motor cortex in human and animal. The primary concept using motor evoked potentials(MEPs) for test of motor pathways was based on the assumtion that pyramidal neurons in the motor cortex are activated by electrical stimulation applied on the cerebral cortex and synchronized compound action potentials are conducted mainly along the corticospinal tracts in the spinal cord. However, the origins and the descending pathways of these MEPs in small animals may be different from those of potentials evoked by intracortical microstimulation because of current spread. Our previous study revealed that the origns of the MEPs in rats differed from those previously believed and may be reticular nuclei. To further clarify those results and localize the intraspinal pathways conduction MEPs, consecutive vertical and/or horizontal sections of the spinal cord were performed at T9 cord level in twelve rats. MEPs were recorded at T2/3 and L2/3 before and after each section and sequential alterations of MEPs were observed. In six rats, the stimulation was alternated between the right and left cortex and the lateralities of conduction pathways were compared. All six cases showed no differences of MEPs and pattern of wave abolition after each section between right and left brain stimulation. The alteration of MEPs after each consecutive section was categorized by analyzing latency shift, amplitude change, and disappearance of waves. We divided a cross section of T9 spinal cord into forty-six squares. If one of the categorized changes occurrd after cutting an area, the appropriate score was given for the area since more change of waves meant more significant contribution of the cut area to conduction of MEPs. The score of twelev rats were summed in each forty-six spots and map showing the distribution of MEPs was constructed. The map revealed that MEPs were conducted along the wide area of ventral and lateral funiculus of the spinal cord but mainly along the medial portion of the ventral funiculus of the spinal cord but mainly along the medial portion of the ventral funiculus and ventral portion of the larteral funiculus through which reticulospinal and vestibulospinal tracts pass. No conduction of MEPs along the corticospinal tracts was confirmed. This finding supports the result of our previous study. However, this extrapyramidal MEP conducted along ventral spinal cord in addition to somatosensory evoked potential(SSEP) which is conducted along posterior funiculus can be useful to monitor the integrity of the whole spinal cord. Moreover, the extrapyramidal MEP can be more useful than pyramidal MEP in rats because the reticular formation plays a more important role in motor function and pyramidal tract is located in posterior funiculus.
Action Potentials ; Animals ; Brain ; Cerebral Cortex ; Efferent Pathways ; Electric Stimulation ; Evoked Potentials, Motor* ; Extrapyramidal Tracts ; Humans ; Motor Cortex ; Neurons ; Pyramidal Tracts ; Rats* ; Reticular Formation ; Spinal Cord