No abstract available.

Osteoma is the most common benign tumor of the cranium, and the frontal sinus is its most frequent location in the cranium. A 39-year-old woman presented with left exophthalmos was found to have orbital and intracranial extension of a giant osteoma involving anterior cranial fossa. The etiology, presenting features, diagnosis and treatment of this tumor are reviewed.
Adult ; Cranial Fossa, Anterior* ; Diagnosis ; Exophthalmos ; Female ; Frontal Sinus ; Humans ; Orbit ; Osteoma* ; Skull

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Brain Edema* ; Brain* ; Microvessels* ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A*

No abstract available.
Brain Edema* ; Brain* ; Meningioma* ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A*

OBJECTIVE: The lateral extracavitary approach(LECA) to the thoracic spine is known as one of the procedure which allows direct vision of pathologic lesion, ventral decompression and dorsal fixation of the spine through the same incision. The authors present a usefulness of the LECA to the complicated unstable thoracic spine caused by trauma. METHODS: The authors performed LECA on six patients from January 1999 to June 2001. All patients were male and their age distribution was from 17 to 65 years. Perioperative neurological state, radiological image, and their changes during follow-up period were evaluated in all patients. RESULTS: After operation, neurological symptoms were improved and there were no significant post-operative complications. Among these trauma cases, three patients showed rapid recovery of their impending paraparesis. In two patients with paraplegia from severe fracture-dislocation, only one patient was minimally improved to motor grade 3. Spinal alignments were maintained in all. CONCLUSION: Lateral extracavitary approach is considered to be a alternative method for the treatment of traumatic thoracic vertebra with high grade instability. The major advantage of this approach is that circumferential decompression of the spine and rigid fixation can be obtained throurh the same incision.
Age Distribution ; Decompression ; Dislocations ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Paraparesis ; Paraplegia ; Spine*

A rare case of gliosarcoma with neurofibromatosis typeI is presented. The patient was a 33-year-old woman who had headache and vomiting for one week. Multiple neurofibromas over her whole body with many cafe-au-lait spots were present since childhood. At admission, she had no focal neurological deficit and ophthalmologic examination revealed bilateral Lisch nodules. Brain CT and MRI revealed a heterogeneously enhancing mass in the left fronto-parietal region with marked peritumoral edema and mass effect. The tumor was removed gross totally and a gliosarcoma was diagnosed histopathologically. Post operative course was uneventful with resolution of symptom, followed by radiotherapy with 60 Gy. A brief overview is given of this rare case together with the pertinent literature.
Adult ; Brain ; Cafe-au-Lait Spots ; Edema ; Female ; Gliosarcoma* ; Headache ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Neurofibromatosis 1* ; Radiotherapy ; Vomiting

OBJECTIVE: There is increasing evidence that the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, eicosapentanoic acid(EPA), induces relaxation in vessels from various animal models as cardiovascular protective nutrients. In vivo study was undertaken to investigate the potential therapeutic application of EPA to resolve vasospasm. METHODS: The basilar artery was visualized using transclival exposure, and its diameter monitored using videomicroscopy. Rabbits were divided randomly into seven groups:1) normal rabbits basilar artery treated with topical application of 100nM/L EPA only;2) normal rabbits basilar artery treated with 20nM/L phorbol dibutyrate(PDB), then 20 nM/L PDB+100nM/L EPA;3) normal rabbits basilar artery treated with 80mM/L KCL, then 80mM/L KCL+100nM/L EPA;4) normal rabbits basilar artery treated with 20nM/L endothelin 1(ET-1) only;5) normal rabbits basilar artery treated with 20nM/L ET-1, then 20nM/L ET-1+100nM/L EPA;6) subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) rabbits basilar artery treated with artificial CSF only;7) SAH rabbits basilar artery treated with 100nM/L EPA. RESULTS: In normal(non-SAH) rabbits, EPA:1) had no effect on basal tone;2) did not reverse KCL or PDB-induced constriction;and 3) substantially reversed ET-1-induced constriction. The diameter of normal rabbit basilar artery was 779.1+/-17.9nm(mean+/-standard error). After SAH, the mean diameter was 521.0+/-32.5nm. The addition of EPA reversed this SAH-induced constriction to 80.4% of baseline diameter. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that EPA induces relaxation in cerebrovascular arteries constricted with ET-1, and that it prevents and partially reverses SAH-induced vasoconstriction.
Arteries ; Basilar Artery ; Constriction ; Eicosapentaenoic Acid* ; Endothelins ; Microscopy, Video ; Models, Animal ; Rabbits ; Relaxation* ; Spasm* ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ; Vasoconstriction

The recent introduction of chemotherapy in the treatment of the gynecologic malignancies has gained wide acceptance along with preoperative and postoperative adjuvant therapy and with preradiation and concurrent chemoradiaton therapy. But, the side effects of chemotherapy including bleeding and infection due to bone marrow suppression have resulted in increased morbidity and mortality of the patients and delayed treatment and a reduction in the chemotherapeutic agents used. In spite of the development of antibiotics and the supportive care of infection, sustained leukopenia in the patients during chemotherapy accounts for the high mortality rate due to sepsis. The early detection of the leukopenia during chemotherapy may enable clinicians to overcome infection problems by timely use of prophylactic broad spectrum antibiotics and G-CSF or GM-CSF. The author investigated the grade, duration, time of onset and other clinical features of the leukopenia and the effects of the age (> or =60 years vs <60 years), the number of the cycle of chemotherapy (> or =3 cycles vs < 3 cycles), fever and performance scale on the leukopenia. 79 cases (32 patients) of the leukopenia during chemotherapy of various gynecologic malignancies at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Hanyang University between January, 1996 and December, 1998 entered to this study. The results were as follows; 1. Leukopenia occurred at 14.2+/-6.1 day from the first day of chemotherapy, 2. The duration of leukopenia was 2.5+/-1.6 days 3. No significant difference was found between eldely patients ( > or =60 years, n=13) and younger patients ( <60 years, n=66) about the severity, duration and time of onset of leukopenia. 4. No significant difference was found between the patients with more than 3 cycles of chemotherapy (n=40) and less than 3 cycles (n=39) about the severity, duration and time of onset of leukopenia. 5. Febrile leukopenic cases (n=6) had significantly lower granulocyte count, longer leukopenic period and earlier onset of leukopenia than afebrile (n=73). 6. It is thought that performance status scale does not affect the grade of leukopenia, onset of leukopenia and the leukopenic period.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bone Marrow ; Drug Therapy* ; Fever ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Granulocytes ; Gynecology ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Leukopenia* ; Mortality ; Obstetrics ; Sepsis

Much controversies still exist with respect to the risk factors influencing symptomatic cerebral vasospasm. In our study, the patient group had some unique characteristics, ie.:42.5%(65) of the 153 patients were aged 60 years or older(mean;55.6 years) and consequently the proportion of Hunt-Hess grade 3-5 was higher than grade 1-2(57.5% vs 42.5%). The authors analyzed the relationship between vasospasm and Hunt & Hess grade, Fisher grade, hydrocehalus, age & hypertension among these 153 early operative cases after a 3 year follow up study. The incidence of vasospasm was significantly higher in the Hunt-Hess grade III, IV, V and the Fisher grade III, IV, compared to grade I & II, and also in preoperative hydrocehalus but it was insignificant in old and hypertensive patients. These results suggest initial severe direct insults and complicating preoperative hydrocephalus increase the chance of postoperative symptomatic vasospasm in this older aged, poorer grade study group.
Aneurysm* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Risk Factors ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage* ; Vasospasm, Intracranial