Fetal bilateral renal agenesis is a lethal congenital anomaly. An early and reliable prenatal diagnosis is extremely important as it may offer options for pregnancy termination as early as possible. The criteria for the ultrasonographic diagnosis of bilateral renal agenesis are severe oligohydramnios, nonvisualization of the bladder, and the empty renal fossa. However, severe oligohydramnios makes it difficult to diagnose the disease because of poor sonographic resolution. We present two cases of bilateral renal agenesis, one is diagnosed by ultrasonography after amnioinfusion at 24 weeks gestation, the other is diagnosed postnatally after term delivery.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Oligohydramnios ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Bladder

No abstract available.
Eosinophilic Granuloma* ; Eosinophils* ; Meningitis, Bacterial*

No abstract available.

A ICL TM(STAAR Collamer Posterior chamber Implantable Contact Lens) lents ranging from -11D to -21.3D. And then we investigated the visualwas implanted in 12 eyes of 7 patients with preoperative spherical equivalents ranging from -11 D to -21.3 D. And then we investigated the visual acuity, mean endothelial cell loss, change of refractive error and postoperative complications.Average follow-up was 28.1 months. In the immediate postoperative days, all eyes had a significant increase in uncorrected visual acuity and the best corrected visual acuity was improved in 7 eyes(58.3%). Mean percent difference between preoperative and postoperative endothelial cell count was 3.22+/-0.05% . The mean preoperative spherical equivalent refraction was -15.65+/-2.78 D. At a mean follow-up of 1 month, mean spherical equivalent refraction was -1.67+/-0.72D, at a 6months, 12 months, 24 months, mean spherical equivalent refraction was each -1.56+/-0.72D, -1.63+/-0.68D, -1.73+/-0.76D. During follow-up days one eye developed an faint anterior subcapsular cataract but the patient remained symptom free. Other reported complication was transient increased intraocular pressure. Although the follow-up in our study was limited cases(12 eyes), from our experience, the posterior chamber implantable contact lens was efficacious and safe in the correction of high myopic refraction errors.
Cataract ; Endothelial Cells ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Refractive Errors ; Refractive Surgical Procedures ; Visual Acuity

No abstract available.
Mitral Valve* ; Quinidine*

No abstract available.

Twin Pregnancies are increasing these days due to recent development of the technology in treating infertility. twin pregnancies tend to cause more congenital anomalies than singleton pregnancies do. Especially when twin pregnancies are affected with one anomalous fetus combined to a normal one, the proper management and counseling are difficult. We experienced a twin pregnancy in which one anencephalic fetus was combined to a normal one, after close counseling we decided to continue the pregnancy. At 35 weeks 6 days of gestation, an anencephalic fetus was dead, so we delivered by cesarean section due to breech-cephalic presentation. The birth weight of the normal and anencephalic fetuses were 2160 gm and 600 gm, respectively. The anencephalic fetus was combined with scoliosis, absent left upper limb, and nuchal skin defect, but the healthy one showed good crying and movement and its Apgar score was 8 in 1 minute and 9 in 5 minute. Although the infant needed intensive care for 21days in the nursery room, she was finally discharged in good condition. We present this case with a brief review of the literature.
Anencephaly ; Apgar Score ; Birth Weight ; Cesarean Section ; Counseling ; Crying ; Female ; Fetus* ; Humans ; Infant ; Infertility ; Critical Care ; Nurseries ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Twin* ; Scoliosis ; Skin ; Twins* ; Upper Extremity

PURPOSE: To observe MR findings of vascular abnormality in Sturge-Weber syndrome and to determine the value of MRI in diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten patients with Sturge-Weber syndrome (age : 3 months-32 years)were evaluated by MR imaging ; in six and four cases, respectively, the results were correlated with those of CT and angiography. We retrospectively analysed changes in the cortical vein and deep venous system, including the medullary and subependymal vein, as well as an largement of the choroid plexus, leptomeningeal enhancement, and changes in diploic space. RESULTS: In all cases except one, in which non-contrast enhanced study had been performed, varying degrees of leptomeningeal enhancement were seen. In nine cases the cortical vein became smaller; enlargement of the choroid plexus was seen in eight cases, change in the diploic space in seven (including three in which there was angiomatous involvement), and enlargement of the deep venous system in seven. In younger patients, collateral pathways were less developed and leptomeningeal angiomatous changes were more pronounced than in those who were older. CONCLUSION: MRI is a useful modality for the evaluationn of vascular changes in Sturge-Weber syndrome. These changes vary according to a patient's age and the duration of the disease.
Angiography ; Choroid Plexus ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Sturge-Weber Syndrome* ; Veins

Indication for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been extended as the experience of ECMO in various clinical settings accumulates and the outcome after ECMO installation improves. We report two cases of successful mitral valve surgery for severe ischemic mitral regurgitation in patients on ECMO support for cardiogenic shock which developed upon coronary angiography.
Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ; Humans ; Mitral Valve ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Shock, Cardiogenic

BACKGROUND: The role of aging in damage to DNA have been of increasing in recent years. DNA damage correlated with biochemical and physiologic changes that are characteristic of cellular impairment in aging and disease. Reduction of oxygen in tissue produces a number of oxygen free radicals which may induce cellular damage and even cell death. Glutathione, its function in reductive processes that are essential for the synthesis (and the degradation) of proteins, formation of deoxyribonucleotide precursors of DNA, regulation of enzymes, and protection of the cell against reactive oxygen compounds and free radicals. The aim of this study was, 1) to measure the glutathione concentration and glutathione proxidase activity of erythroyte, plasma, human gastric mucosa in elderly and liver cirrhosis patient 2) to investigate a role of glutathione mediated cellular defense mechanism against oxidative stress between in liver cirrhosis patient and in elderly. METHODS: We measured glutathione concentration and glutathione peroxidase activity in the plasma, erythrocytes, gastric mucosa of human in 4 group (Group A: 10 patients of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertensive gastropathy in age 40~55 years, Group B: same number and disease of patients in age over 65 years, group C: healthy person of age over 65 years, Group D: control). Glutathione concentration of erythocyte, plasma and human gastric mucosa was measured by spectrophotometer using Bioxytech GSH-400. Glutathione peroxidase activity of plasma was measured by Paglia & Valentine method using Bioxytech pl. Gpx and of erythocyte and human gastric mucosa was measured by using Bioxytech Gpx.340. Statistical significance of the different group was determined by ANOVA. A p<0.05 was considered significant. RESULT: Glutathione concentration of erythrocytes and gastric mucosa was decreased in Group A, B, C compared to group D. plasma concentration of glutathione was decreased in group A, B compared to group C, D. Activity of glutathione peroxidase was not different in any group (ANOVA, p<0.005). CONCLUSION: Even though glutathione concentration of erythrocyte and human gastric mucosa was decreased in elderly and in liver cirrhosis patient, our study shows decreased glutathione related defense mechanism against oxidative stress is different in view of plasma concentration of glutathione.
Aged ; Aging ; Cell Death ; DNA ; DNA Damage ; Erythrocytes* ; Free Radicals ; Gastric Mucosa* ; Glutathione Peroxidase* ; Glutathione* ; Humans* ; Liver Cirrhosis* ; Liver* ; Oxidative Stress ; Oxygen ; Oxygen Compounds ; Plasma*