No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Middle Lobe Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Female* ; Fetus* ; Humans ; Male*

New antidepressants have become available for clinical use in the 1990s. Before this decade, the drugs available to treat depression consisted essentially of monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, and lithium. Following the introduction of SSRIs, the options have expanded and now include SSRIs nefazodone, venlafaxine, mirtazapine, reboxetine, tianeptine. Newer antidepressants possess a variety of pharmacological characteristics that are relevant to the choice of an antidepressant for clinical use. This review summarizes some of the major pharmacological characteristics among the drugs.
Antidepressive Agents ; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic ; Depression ; Lithium ; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors ; Venlafaxine Hydrochloride

The genetically determined CYP2D6 activity may be considered to be associated with antipsychotic induced extrapyramidal side effects with inter-individual variation. Genetic polymorphism of CYP2D6 was determined by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and Mspl restriction fragment length polymorphisms(RFLP) for 194 schizophrenics. Subjects with a 334bp band were classified a1a1, those with 229bp and 105bp bands a2a2, and those with all three bands a1a2. We did not identify schizophrenic subject with poor metabolizer. 194 schizophrenic patients previously treated neuroleptic medication, were assessed by Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale(ESRS). The cases were composed of 33 akathisia, 47 parkinsonism, 21 tardive dyskinesia. These results are similar to the previous understanding that the poor metabolizer is very rare in Orientals compared to Caucasians, therefore, it considered that CYP2D6 genotypes have maybe no association with schizophrenia and extrapyramidal side effects in Koreans.
Antipsychotic Agents* ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6* ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System* ; Cytochromes* ; Genotype ; Humans ; Movement Disorders ; Parkinsonian Disorders ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Psychomotor Agitation ; Schizophrenia

The author reviewed 15 cases of fracture of tibial condyle treated at the orthopaedic department of Kyungpook National University hospital during the period from January 1963 to June 1970, and analysed as to cause of injury, type of fracture, average duration for treatment, complications and end results. The clinical results were obtained as follows: 1) The cause of injury were mostly traffic accident(46.7%), falling and stumbling(26.6%), coal miner accident(13.3%), direct blow(13.3%). 2) In classification of fracture type, Type I is most common type in this series and fracture of the lateral condyle is more common than medical condyle. 3) Associated ligaments tear is more common is Type III than other type, and medial collateral ligamant is most common. 4) In Type I with cast immobilization for 8 to 10 weeks, and then encouraged knee joint exercise. In Type II one of two cases treated with cast immobilization and with long leg brace after remove of the cast. Other case was treated with open reduction. In Type III 3 of 5 cases treated with bolting and immobilized for 16 weeks. 5) Undesirable sequelas are instability of joint, persistent pain and limitation of joint motion.
Accidental Falls ; Braces ; Classification ; Coal ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Immobilization ; Joints ; Knee Joint ; Leg ; Ligaments ; Miners ; Tears

Lichenoid drug eruption is lichenoid skin eruptions caused by certain drugs and compounds, and can be identical or similiar to lichen planus. A 75-year-old woman who had taken antituberculosis medication(INH, ethambutol, rifampin) for 4 months developed pruritic generalized erythematous papular eruptions on the trunk and extremities, alopecia and nail dystropy. Histopathologic findings were hyperkeratosis, hypergranulosis, hyc rophic degenaration of basal layer, band like lymphohistiocytic infiltration in the upper dermis and perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltration in the deep dermis. She was treated with systemic corticosteroid, and then skin lesion were slightly improved. After termination of antituberculosis medication, skin lesions were markedly improved with residual hyperpigmentation. Alopecia and nail dystrophy were also improved.
Aged ; Alopecia ; Dermis ; Drug Eruptions* ; Ethambutol ; Extremities ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Lichen Planus ; Skin

BACKGROUND: In tinea pedis, the response of treatment and prognosis are different according to clinical types. Positivity in KOH mount and causative agent in culture are also different. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and mycologic findings of tinea pedis according to the clinical type. METHODS: A clinical and mycological study was conducted with 97 cases of tinea pedis among out patients examined for 7 months from June 1994 to December 1994 at Yeungnam University Hospital and Catholic Skin Clizic, Taegu, Korea. RESULTS: 1. Age distribution showed patients in their fourth decade to be most common. The ratio of male to female was 1.2: 1. The distribution of patients by clinical type was interdigital type, interdigital combined with hyperkeratotic type, interdigital combined with vesicular type, hyperkeratotic type, and hyperkeratotic combined with vesicular type, in descending order. One to five years was the most comrrion duration of tinea pedis. Duration of tinea pedis was the shortest in the vesicular type, otherwis was longer in hyperkeratotic type. Rate of family history of tinea pedis was 54.6%. The larger the size of family was, the higher the positivity in family history. The rate of coexistent dermatiophytosis with tinea pedis was 39.1%, and tinea unguium was the most common one. 2. The isolated dermatophytis were T. rubrum, 90.7%, T. mentagrophytes, 7.2%, and T. rubrum rnixed with T. mentagrophytes, 2.1%. T. rubrum showed an even distribution in all clinical types of tinea pedis whereas T. mentanophytes was isolated only in the interdigital type, vesicular type, and interdigital combined with vesicular type. T. rubrum mixed with T. mentagrophytes was isolated in the interdigital combine with vesicular type. Distribution of dermatophytes was relatively even arnong the age groups. T. rubrum showed a relatively even distribution in duration of tinea pedis, but T. mentagrophytes was isolated in tinea pedis with shorter duration.
Age Distribution ; Arthrodermataceae ; Daegu ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Onychomycosis ; Outpatients ; Prognosis ; Skin ; Tinea Pedis* ; Tinea*

Angiosarcoma is a rare malignant vascular tumor of endothelial cell origin, Cutaneous angiosarcoma usually occurs on the scalp and face of the elderly and most frequently in the sixth and seventh decade. We presented a case of angicisarcoma in a 70 year old woman. The patient had a well-demarcated, 3 x 3cm sized, dark brownish-colored, ulcerative nodule on the vertex with hemorrhagic bulla on the right. temporal scalp. Histopathologic examination of the nodule showed a well differentiated tumor with irregular anastomosing scular channels lined by atypical endothelial cells in the dermis and subcutaneous fat. Immunohistochenlical study for factorVlll-related antigen was partially positive in tumor channels. She was treated by wide surgical excision but she expired 5 months after discharge from the hospital.
Aged ; Dermis ; Endothelial Cells ; Female ; Hemangiosarcoma* ; Humans ; Scalp ; Subcutaneous Fat ; Ulcer

Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease characterized by multisystem involvement and various laboratory findings. A retrospective study was made of the medical records of 59 patients with SLE at Severance hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, for the analysis of clinical and laboratory findings during the years 1970 through 198I. The results were compared with those of previous serial studies in Korea and western countries. The results obtained are as follows: l. In 59 patients with SLE, 7 patients were men and 52 patients were women (M: F=l: 7.4). Their age at onset of the dsiease ranged mainly in the 3rd and 4th decades. 2. The major clinical manifestations were skin eruptions (81%), fever(73%), renal involvements(66%), pulrnonary(66%) and cardiac(61%) abnomalities. 3. The variety of skin and mucus membrane manifestations seen included butterfly rash of face(53%), maculopapular eruption (34%), purpura(22%), and mucosal ulcer (19%) in that order. 4. Mucosal ulcers and alopecia were correlated closely with exacerbations of disease activity. Patients with Raynauds phenomenon were not likely to have severe organ involvement. 5. Compared with Western series, renal manifestation, anemia and thrombocytopenia were more frequent, and lymphadenopathy, Raynauds phenomenon and alopecia were less frequent. 6. The ANA test showed a, high sensitivity(96%) and a high titer. Compared with the patients showing a speckled pattern(30%), those showing a homogenous pattern(60%) had more severe organ involvement and poorer prognosis. 7. The anti-nDNA antibody test had a high sensitivity(81%), and indicated. severe renal involvement and poorer prognosis. Also, the titer correlated well with disease activity. 8. The disease was associated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia, Buergers disease, thyroid diseases, myelofibrcsis and chilblain. 9. A bimodal rnortality pattern was seen with infection being the major cause of early death, and renal failure and cardiopulmonary abnormalities in late death.
Alopecia ; Anemia ; Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Butterflies ; Chilblains ; Exanthema ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Male ; Medical Records ; Membranes ; Mucus ; Prognosis ; Renal Insufficiency ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin ; Thromboangiitis Obliterans ; Thrombocytopenia ; Thyroid Diseases ; Ulcer

Oil granuloma develops mainly after injection of oil substances such as paraffin, silicone, etc, but there have been reports of oil granuloma after topical application of lipid substance to the body. A 22-year-old woman developed oil granuloma after the application of squalene on both lower eye-lids. Histopathologic findings ahowed acanthosis and dyskeratosis of the hair follicles. Lipid suketances staining with oil-red-O stain were found mainly on the hair follicles. and partly on the epidermis. We report a case of oil grinulorna caused by squalerie that may have penetrated through the hair follicles and partly through the epidermis resulting in chronic granulous changes in the dermis.
Dermis ; Epidermis ; Eyelids* ; Female ; Granuloma* ; Hair Follicle ; Humans ; Paraffin ; Silicones ; Squalene* ; Young Adult