Conjunctival and dermal injection of lepromin were made on the various lepers, 9 neurals, 7 lepromatouses, 3 mild lepromatouses, 15 neurals and 7 lepromatouses associated some ocular lesions each group. The following results were obtained. 1. In general, conjuntival reaction are shown similarly with dermal reaction. 2. Have not found out the conceivable specific ocular immunity for the antigen on this work.
Lepromin ; Leprosy*

Benign lichenoid keratosis is an asyrnptomatic, isolated, plaque-like lesion frequently mistaken for basal cell carcinoma, Bowens disease, and actinic or seborrheic keratosis because of its variable clinical appearance. We present two cases of benign lichenoid keratosis. The first case was a 44-year-old female who had mild pruritic, ll x15rnrn sized, single, slightly elevated brownish plaque with fine scaling on the right zygornatic area of 5 years' duration. The second case was a 35-year-old female who had mild prutitic, single, pea- sized erythernatous patch on the left ala nasi of one month's duration. On histologic examination, these two cases showed same histologic findings, such as focal parakeratosis, moderate hyperkeratosis, irregular acanthosis and liquefaction degeneration of basal cells in the epidermis and band-like mononuclear infiltration and colloid bodies in the dermis.
Actins ; Adult ; Bowen's Disease ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Colloids ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Female ; Humans ; Keratosis* ; Keratosis, Seborrheic ; Parakeratosis

This study was conducted to investigate the status of pregnancy and delivery and relationship among knowledge, attitude and practice about pregnancy and delivery in poor country, Nepal. A questionnaire survey by interviewer was conducted to examine the general characteristics, knowledge about pregnancy and delivery, attitude about pregnancy and delivery, the rate of prenatal care and delivery condition of women who had an experience of delivery during last year(1994. 4. 13~1995. 4. 12) at a rural area, nepal(Dolakha Bazar Area). The major findings are as follows; Among respondents, 87.5 percentage never had health education and the degree of knowledge about pregnancy and delivery was low. Among respondents, 56.6 percentage had the attitude that they didn't want antenatal care, 42.8% of respondents answered that they wouldn't visit hospital or health center when vaginal bleeding occurred and 82.9% thought that the delivery itself was dirty. The proportion of women who experienced antenatal care was 28.3%, the proportion of health facilities delivery was 5.3%, which was very low and 82.6% of home delivery case didn't sanitate the tool to cut the umbilical cord. The women who had positive attitude about antenatal care and health facility utilization experienced more antenatal care and health facilities delivery. On consideration of above findings, health education for pregnancy and delivery is required to improve mother-child health status in poor country. To make efficient health education, the target population group, such as the uneducated, inhabitants far from health center or medical facility, must be chosen. To help the poor countries in medical field, the study on health status and its related factors on these countries like this article would be required.
Surveys and Questionnaires ; Female ; Health Education ; Health Facilities ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; Humans ; Nepal ; Pregnancy* ; Prenatal Care ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Umbilical Cord ; Uterine Hemorrhage

PURPOSE: Percutaneous needle aspiration biopsy under the imaging guidance in the diagnosis of intrathoracic diseases has become a standard practice. Core tissue obtained by automated gun biopsy(AGB) is believed to be more diagnostic than materials from fine needle aspiration(FNA) by many cytopathologists. The authors evauated the role of automated gun biopsy in localized pulmonary lesions with respect to the its accuracy and complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed 107 percutaneous biopsies in localized pulmonary lesions under fluoroscopic guidance among 107 patients:AGB using 18G or 20G was done in 81 patients, and both AGB and FNA was done in 26 patients. RESULTS: Biopsy samples sufficient for histologic diagnosis were obtained in 94(87.9%) of 107 patients, AG8 in 73(90.1%) of 81 patients and AGB and FNA in 21(80.8%) of 26 patients. 11 of 13 negative results were due to inadeguate specimen size for the histologic diagnosis or were composed of necrotic areas, and 2 of 13 negative results were obtained through nontarget tissue. 10 patients developed pneumothorax and 4 of them required chest tube insertion. Minimal hemoptysis was found in 3 patients. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous automated gun biopsy under fluoroscopic guidance was easy and simple method of obtaining specimens of good quality and quantity. It may be an useful procedure in the diagnosis of localized pulmonary lesions.
Biopsy* ; Biopsy, Needle ; Chest Tubes ; Diagnosis ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Needles ; Pneumothorax

PURPOSE: Percutaneous needle aspiration biopsy under the imaging guidance in the diagnosis of intrathoracic diseases has become a standard practice. Core tissue obtained by automated gun biopsy(AGB) is believed to be more diagnostic than materials from fine needle aspiration(FNA) by many cytopathologists. The authors evauated the role of automated gun biopsy in localized pulmonary lesions with respect to the its accuracy and complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed 107 percutaneous biopsies in localized pulmonary lesions under fluoroscopic guidance among 107 patients:AGB using 18G or 20G was done in 81 patients, and both AGB and FNA was done in 26 patients. RESULTS: Biopsy samples sufficient for histologic diagnosis were obtained in 94(87.9%) of 107 patients, AG8 in 73(90.1%) of 81 patients and AGB and FNA in 21(80.8%) of 26 patients. 11 of 13 negative results were due to inadeguate specimen size for the histologic diagnosis or were composed of necrotic areas, and 2 of 13 negative results were obtained through nontarget tissue. 10 patients developed pneumothorax and 4 of them required chest tube insertion. Minimal hemoptysis was found in 3 patients. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous automated gun biopsy under fluoroscopic guidance was easy and simple method of obtaining specimens of good quality and quantity. It may be an useful procedure in the diagnosis of localized pulmonary lesions.
Biopsy* ; Biopsy, Needle ; Chest Tubes ; Diagnosis ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Needles ; Pneumothorax

The 1q terminal deletion syndrome is a rare chromosomal disorder which was first reported by Mankinen et al. in 1976. This disorder has shown to have broad and diverse clinical phenotypes. Specific phenotypes of 1q terminal deletion syndrome include microcephaly, seizures, psychomotor retardation, growth retardation, abnormalities of extremities, corpus callosum, heart and genitalia. Although this disorder has diverse clinical manifestations, almost all cases of 1q44 deletion syndrome have growth, psychomotor, and mental retardation and progressive microcephaly. The first diagnosis of 1q44 deletion syndrome in Korea was made by fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis in a 4-month-old girl with craniofacial anomalies, multiple congenital anomalies, and growth and psychomotor retardation. We report the second domestic case of 1q44 deletion syndrome with cleft palate, facial dysmorphism, single umbilical artery, foot abnormality, progressive microcephaly, growth and psychomotor retardation which was confirmed by microarray for comparative genomic hybridization. We also compare this case with previously reported cases of 1q44 deletion syndrome.
Chromosome Disorders ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 ; Cleft Palate ; Comparative Genomic Hybridization ; Corpus Callosum ; Developmental Disabilities ; Diagnosis ; Extremities ; Female ; Foot ; Genitalia ; Heart ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Infant ; Intellectual Disability ; Korea ; Microcephaly* ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Phenotype ; Seizures ; Single Umbilical Artery

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical features of neonatal seizures and to identify prognostic factors of neurodevelopmental outcome in term infants who experienced clinical seizures. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 153full term and preterm infants with seizures from January 2008 to December 2013. Binary logistic regression analysis was applied to assess risk factors associated with neurological adverse outcomes using variables that were found to be significant on univariate analysis. RESULTS: During the study period, 102 (66.7%) term and 51 (33.3%) preterminfants were enrolled. The main cause of neonatal seizures was hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (24.5%) in term infants and intracranial hemorrhage (74.5%) in preterm infants. The most common type of seizure was focal clonic seizure. Generalized tonic seizure was more commonly observed in preterm than in term infants. 39 out of 56 term infants with at least 12 months of neurologic follow-up showed normal outcomes while only one preterm infant showed normal development.Prognostic factors related to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in term infants were perinatal history of fetal distress, etiology of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, severity of EEG(Electroencephalogram) abnormality, evidence of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy on brain magnetic resonance imaging, and the need for multiple antiepileptic drugs for seizure control. CONCLUSION: Preterm infants showed poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes compared to term infants. The etiology of seizures, treatment response, neuroimaging and electroencephalographic findings were important in predicting the developmental outcome in term infants with seizures.
Anticonvulsants ; Brain ; Epilepsy, Partial, Motor ; Fetal Distress ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Logistic Models ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neuroimaging ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Seizures*

No abstract available.
Humans

During summer and fall months (from June to November), enteroviral infection is more common than group B streptococcal infection or herpes simplex viral infection in neonates. Enteroviruses are divided into polioviruses, coxsackieviruses A, coxsackieviruses B, and echoviruses. Enteroviruses can cause a wide spectrum of acute illnesses ranging from non-specific febrile illness, upper respiratory tract infection or gastroenteritis, to severe diseases such as myocarditis, and encephalitis. Coxsackieviruses B are important neonatal pathogens, which can cause meningoencephalitis, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, and cardiomyopathy. Transplacental transmission of coxsackievirus or perinatal transmission by inhalation or swallowing of cervical secretion or feces during delivery causes more severe diseases than postnatal transmission by horizontal transmission in nursery or neonatal intensive care unit, due to larger load of viruses. Four preterm infants had severe coxsackieviral B infection with thrombocytopenia, meningitis, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, and myocarditis within seven days of age during this June. Coxsackieviruses B were detected from their feces, cerebrospinal fluid, and blood. Viruses might be transmitted prenatally through placenta from mother to fetus, which caused severe disease. Coxsackieviruses B infections have to be considered in the neonates with sepsis-like illness during summer and fall months, or enteroviral seasons.
Cardiomyopathies ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Deglutition ; Encephalitis ; Enterovirus ; Enterovirus B, Human ; Feces ; Fetus ; Gastroenteritis ; Herpes Simplex ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Inhalation ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Meningitis ; Meningoencephalitis ; Mothers ; Myocarditis ; Nurseries ; Placenta ; Poliovirus ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Seasons ; Streptococcal Infections ; Thrombocytopenia

PURPOSE: Unilateral ureteral obstruction results in tubulointerstitial fibrosis of the affected kidney which is driven by increased levels of angiotensin II. In this study, we examed the fibrotic changes in un inephrectomized rats with incomplete urteral obstruction and explored the effect of an angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE)inhibitor, enalapril on the tubulointerstitial fibrosis of obstructive uropathy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 130 Rats were sacrificed at 1, 2, 4 weeks after nephrectomy or obstruction. Collagen type I, II, and III were localized by immunohistochemical staining. And the distribution of each collagen type was analyzed using differences of their staining densities. RESULTS: There is no difference in total collagen amount and immunohistochemical staining between control and uninephrectomized group. After 2weeks in incomplete ureteral obstruction in uninephretomized rat, the total amount of collagen in affected kidney was significantly increased compared to control (p<0.05), and immunohistochemical staining for all type of collagen was gradually increased by increased duration of incomplete ureteral obstruction. Enalapril did not affect the total collagen amount and immunohistochemical staining in the kidney of uninephrectomized rat. Enalapril significantly decreased the collagen amount in affected kidneys of collagen was not significantly changed compaired to control group. CONCLUSIONS: the incomplete ureteral obstruction in uninephrectomized rat induces progressive increase of amount of collagen according to the duration of obstruction, especially 2 weeks, and enalapril administration after incomplete unilateral obstruction of tubulointerstitial fibrosis of obstructive uropathy.
Angiotensin II ; Angiotensins ; Animals ; Collagen Type I ; Collagen* ; Enalapril* ; Fibrosis ; Kidney ; Nephrectomy ; Rats* ; United Nations ; Ureter* ; Ureteral Obstruction*