PURPOSE: To evaluate whether there are any differences in MR findings between the childhood and the adult moyamoya disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We compared the brain MR findings in 22 children (13 boys and 9 girls, 2-18 years of age) who had moyamoya disease with 15 adult patients (7 men and 8 women, 19-55 years of age). The MR findings were classified as parenchymal-(infarctions and intracranial hemorrhages) and vascular abnormalities (intracranial vascular patency and moyamoya vessels). The difference in each of these MR findings was analyzed using Chi-squaretest and Fisher's exact test (two-tailed). Out of 22 children, two children with normal MR finding were excluded from the statistical analysis. Moyamoya diseases were diagnosed angiographically in all adult patients. In children, they were diagnosed by MR imaging, MR angiography(6), and/or conventional cerebral angiography(18). RESULTS: In children, cerebral infarctions were observed in 20 of 22 patients (91%) (cortex 86%, periventricular white matter/centrum semiovale 32%, basal ganglia 10%). In two patients, there was no parenchymal abnormality. Intra-cranial hemorrhages were not demonstrated in any patients. In adults, intra-cranial hemorrhages(intracerebral hematoma, intraventricular hemorrhage, alone or combined) were demonstrated in 10 of 15 patients(67%). Cerebral infarctions with or without intracranial hemorrhage were detected in 10 of 15 patients(67%)(cortex 40%, periventricular white matter/centrum semiovale 53%, basal ganglia 20%). The difference in parenchymal abnormalities between the childhood and the adult moyamoya disease was statistically significant (p=0. 000164). There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to the occlusive changes of the internal carotid and middle cerebral arteries or to moyamoya vessels(p> 0.01 ). CONCLUSION: This study could prove the fact that the principal clinical symptoms in the childhood moyamoya disease were due to cerebral infarction and those in the adult cases were due to infarction and intracranial hemorrhage. In addition, cortical infarction was more prevalent in children and infarction in periventricular white matter/centrum semivoale and basal ganglia was more frequentin adults. There was no significant difference in vascular abnormalities between the two groups.
Adult* ; Basal Ganglia ; Brain ; Cerebral Infarction ; Child* ; Female ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infarction ; Intracranial Hemorrhages ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Moyamoya Disease* ; Vascular Patency

No abstract available.
Anesthesia, Local* ; Lipectomy* ; Male ; Penis*

No abstract available.
Biofeedback, Psychology* ; Electric Stimulation* ; Humans ; Muscles* ; Pelvic Floor*

No abstract available.
Biofeedback, Psychology* ; Electric Stimulation* ; Humans ; Muscles* ; Pelvic Floor*

No abstract available.

Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) of the lung is a newly recognized entity of pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma. Histologically, it is very difficult to differentiate LCNEC from other pulmonary carcinomas and the prognosis is significantly poor. The cutaneous metastasis of LCNEC of the lung shares some features with Merkel cell carcinoma of the skin in light microscopy and yet it is negatively stained with cytokeratin 20. We report a case of cutaneous metastasis of LCNEC of the lung, previously misdiagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma. Our patient showed a poor response to the chemotherapy and also revealed a brain metastasis on follow-up brain CT scan.
Brain ; Carcinoma, Merkel Cell* ; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Drug Therapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Keratin-20 ; Lung* ; Microscopy ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prognosis ; Skin ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Wilson disease gene (WND) locus is presumed to be located in chromosome 13q. There are studies on the clinical heterogeneities and variations between ethnic groups in Europe, North America, and the Middle East and it requires the study of another ethnic group, especially Asian population for the confirmation. This study was an anlysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism of the Wilson's disease with the probes on D13S26, D13S31, and D13S59, The subject was 34 persons of seven families. The serum ceruloplasmin and the serum copper were also measured. The results were as follows: 1) The Wilson disease gene was also presumed to be located in chromosome 13q area in Korean patients and D13S25, D13S26, D13S31 and D13S59 gene loci were also linked to Wilson disease of Koreans. The lod score of D13S25 was 1.45 (theta =0: D13S59, 1.13 (theta =0): D13S26, 247 (theta =0). 2) Three siblings of Wilson disease patients were diagnosed as carriers by the analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism. 3) In Wilson disease patients, the serum ceruloplasmin and copper was 6.8+/1.8dl, and 64.7+/-38.6microg/dl respectively and it is 18.8+/-6.1 mg/dl and 65.3+/-10.6microg/dl respectively in heterozygotes.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Ceruloplasmin ; Copper ; Ethnic Groups ; Europe ; Genetic Linkage* ; Hepatolenticular Degeneration* ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Lod Score ; Middle East ; North America ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Siblings

No abstract available.
Humans

Recently the internal rigid fixation with plates and screws became popular procedure. In the cases of the zygomatic fracture, it is sufficient to fix more than 2 point in many studies. Therefore, the internal rigid fixation requires the aggressive incision to expose the zygoma, such as coronal incision. Since many patients are afraid of this aggressive operation, we have provided a simple and effective method which is a 3-dimensional one point fixation on the zygomaticofrontal suture with X-shaped(6-hole) miniplate for the treatment of zygomatic fractures. From March 1995 to september 1995, we treated 13 cases of zygomatic fractures by open reduction and X-shaped miniplate fixation on the zygomaticofrontal suture. The results were as follows: 1) plane to plane contact on each side of the fracture with one point X-shaped miniplate. 2) 91.8% correction on Water's views, and 93.3% correction on zygomatic arch view with one point fixation. 3) patients were satisfied with these procedures because of minimal incision, mild edema and low operation price (short operation & anesthetic time, one plate & 6 screws cost).
Edema ; Humans ; Sutures ; Zygoma ; Zygomatic Fractures*

For the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection, endoscopic biopsy related tests auch as urease test, culture, and histology with special staining of bacteria are most widely used standard methods and most accurate. (continue...)
Bacteria ; Biopsy ; Child* ; Diagnosis* ; Gastritis* ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Prevalence ; Urease