No abstract available.
Fractures, Compression* ; Osteoporosis* ; Vertebroplasty*

BACKGROUND: A low level of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) is well known as an important cardiovascular risk factor which is closely associated with physical activity levels. However, there is a very few studies conducted on relationship between physical activity and HDL-C status among Korean adults. METHODS: We selected total 22,294 people aged 19 to 69 years old who had not taken lipid lowering agents from the 2005 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. The population was classified into three groups using the criteria for HDL-C of Adult Treatment Panel III. The relationship between the physical activity and HDL-C was investigated and the amount of physical activity levels of the three HDL-C groups were obtained with analysis of covariance with adjustments for various factors influencing the physical activity levels. RESULTS: After adjusted for various factors influencing HDL-C, physical activity is significantly associated with HDL-C. As physical activity is increased, HDL-C is much higher (P<0.001).The physical activity levels were significantly different among the three HDL-C groups. The amount of physical activity in low HDL-C group was significantly low compared to high HDL-C group (1653.08+/-65.31 MET-min/wk vs. 1916.70+/-102.86 MET-min/wk, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: We confirmed that the amount of physical activity level in low HDL-C group was significantly lower compared with that of high HDL-C group in Korean adults.
Adult ; Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cholesterol ; Cholesterol, HDL ; Humans ; Korea ; Lipoproteins ; Motor Activity ; Nutrition Surveys ; Risk Factors

No abstract available.
De Lange Syndrome*

Purpose: To report the surgical skills needed, and the clinical results of, minimally invasive hip surgery with dynamic hip screws and the comparison with the classical technique in stable pertrochanteric fractures of the femur. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two patients with pertrochanteric fractures of the femur who were treated with dynamic compression hip screws between April 1999 and March 2004, and were evaluated retrospectively, and were followed up for more than 12 months. 16 cases were treated with a classical dynamic hip screw technique and 16 cases with a minimally invasive technique in random order. The mean age was 73.2 years, and there were 11 males and 21 females. The operative times, total hemovac bleeding loss, functional scores, and average hemoglobin decrease ratios were evaluated. The clinical assessments were performed with the Harris Hip Score (HSS) and bony union was evaluated with serial follow-up plain radiographs. Results: The average operative time was 63.9 minutes with the classical technique and 42.5 minutes with the minimally invasive technique. The total average hemovac blood loss was 640 cc with the classical technique and 143 cc with the minimally invasive technique. Clinically, the HHS was an average of 85.9 and 89.2 in groups 1 and 2, respectively, by the last follow-up and there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P <0.05) The hemoglobin decrease ratio was the same in both groups and there was no nonunion. Conclusion: Minimally invasive dynamic hip screw insertion was useful in stable pertrochanteric fractures, because it decreased blood loss and operative times; and there were no changes in fracture healing and functional outcomes.
Female ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Healing ; Hemorrhage ; Hip* ; Humans ; Male ; Operative Time ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgical Procedures, Minimally Invasive

PURPOSE: Almost of the term infants pass the first stool and urine within 48 hours after birth and delay of first defecation and voiding is considered as an initial sign of congenital intestinal obstruction or gastrointertinal motility disorder. In the premature infants, although they do not have congenital intestinal obstruction, the time of first defecation or voiding is delayed beacause of developmental prematurity of the gastrointestinal motility. To know factors which affect the time of first defecation and voiding, we studied. METHODS: From February 1993 to May 1995, Newborns (24 term, 77 premature, total 101) who were delivered in Soonchunhyang University Hospital without congenital intestinal obstruction were reviewed retrospectively about the relationship between the factors such as birth weight, gestational age, delivery type or the first feeding time and the first defecation or voiding time. RESULTS: 1) All of the term infants passed the first stool within 24 hours after birth. 2) Among the infants who passed the first stool after 24 hours since birth, 27.6% were 32-36 weeks and 40.5% were 27-31 weeks of gestational age. 3) Among the infants who passed the first stool after 24 hours since birth, 14.3% were 2,000-2,499gm, 35.7% were 1,500-1,999gm and 55% were 1,000-1,499gm of birth weight. 4) There was no statistically significant correlation between the first defecation time and sex, type of delivery or time of first feeding time. 5) Most of the term and premature infants passed the first urine within 24 hours after birth. There was no difference according to gestational age, birth weight, type of delivery or first feeding time. CONCLUSIONS: In larger parts of the premature and preterm infants, the first defecation wa delayed for 24 hours after birth. So, we should wait the first defecation more than 24 hours after birth in prematurity.
Birth Weight ; Defecation* ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Parturition ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: Almost of the term infants pass the first stool and urine within 48 hours after birth and delay of first defecation and voiding is considered as an initial sign of congenital intestinal obstruction or gastrointertinal motility disorder. In the premature infants, although they do not have congenital intestinal obstruction, the time of first defecation or voiding is delayed beacause of developmental prematurity of the gastrointestinal motility. To know factors which affect the time of first defecation and voiding, we studied. METHODS: From February 1993 to May 1995, Newborns (24 term, 77 premature, total 101) who were delivered in Soonchunhyang University Hospital without congenital intestinal obstruction were reviewed retrospectively about the relationship between the factors such as birth weight, gestational age, delivery type or the first feeding time and the first defecation or voiding time. RESULTS: 1) All of the term infants passed the first stool within 24 hours after birth. 2) Among the infants who passed the first stool after 24 hours since birth, 27.6% were 32-36 weeks and 40.5% were 27-31 weeks of gestational age. 3) Among the infants who passed the first stool after 24 hours since birth, 14.3% were 2,000-2,499gm, 35.7% were 1,500-1,999gm and 55% were 1,000-1,499gm of birth weight. 4) There was no statistically significant correlation between the first defecation time and sex, type of delivery or time of first feeding time. 5) Most of the term and premature infants passed the first urine within 24 hours after birth. There was no difference according to gestational age, birth weight, type of delivery or first feeding time. CONCLUSIONS: In larger parts of the premature and preterm infants, the first defecation wa delayed for 24 hours after birth. So, we should wait the first defecation more than 24 hours after birth in prematurity.
Birth Weight ; Defecation* ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Parturition ; Retrospective Studies

The antihypertensive efficacy and safety for once daily dosing of amlodipine, a new calcium channel blocker, was studied in a series of 36 patients with essential hypertension. The starting dose of amlodipine were 5mg/day, which were doubled after 4 weeks, if normalization of diastolic blood pressure was not reached. Amlodipine induced a clinically significant reduction in blood pressure(17.7mmHg in systolic blood pressure and 11.9mmHg in diastolic blood pressure) with similar heart rates after 12 weeks therapy. The efficacy of amlodipine therapy was noted an excellent in 18 patients(51.4%), good in 8 patients(22.9%), fair in 5 patients(14.3%), and failed in 4 patients(11.4%). There were few side reactions such as fatigue, headache, constipation and indigestion, but all studied patients completed for 12 weeks therapy except one patients who did not return. And also there was no abnormal results of laboratory tests before and after the amlodipine therapy. This results indicated that amlodipine is an effective and safe new long-acting calcium channel blocker in the treatment of hypertension.
Amlodipine* ; Blood Pressure ; Calcium Channels ; Constipation ; Dyspepsia ; Fatigue ; Headache ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypertension*

Epiblepharon is frequently encountered n oriental eyelid, especially in children. It is characterized by a horizontal fold of redundant skin and abundant orbicularis muscle near lid margin, which the lashes vertically, or posteriorly towards the eye. Surgical therapy of epiblepharon in correcting the trichiasis includes lid bracing sutures, burried sutures, skin resection, a Hotz procedure or its modification, and a Jones procedure. In our opinion, these procedures are not sufficient, because these procedures will not correct the epicanthal folds. Epicanthal folds have been a one of the characteristics of Asian over 50 percents of population in Japan and South Korea, and it either reduce the aesthetic result of the double-eyelid procedure or make the correction of the entropion and epiblepharon difficult. Although many surgical procedures are available to eliminate epicanthal folds, scarring on the medial canthus is in still and obstacle for surgeons to overcome. From January of 1998 to October of 1998, we used half z-plasty procedures in 5 cases to correct epicanthal folds in epiblepharon. There were few complications in our series. We believe that half z-plasty can get a good result in the correction of epibolepharon and oriental epicanthal folds.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Braces ; Child ; Cicatrix ; Entropion ; Eyelids ; Humans ; Japan ; Korea ; Skin ; Sutures ; Trichiasis

We analysed the ultrasonographic findings in 46 cases of PID, examined atYyonsei Universtiy Severance Yondong Hospital from June 1983 to Dec. 1984. Among them, 29 cases of PID were well correlated with pathologic findings bysurgery or laparascopy. The results were as follows; 1. The age was ranged from 14 years to 57 years of age andthe majority was between 21 years and 50 years of age. 2. We evaluated the ultrasonographic findings of 46 casesunder the criteria of Swayne's classification. They are 67% in type II, 17% in type III and 4% in type I. Theremained is 11% in normal finding. 3. Among 29 cases pathologically proven,the ultrasonographic findings areclassifed to be 66% in type II, 21% in type III, 3% in type I and the remained is normal. Among type II PIDcases, tubo-ovarian abscess is 32%, pelvic abscess is 26% and pyosalphinx is 16%. The pelvic-peritoneal adhesionis demonstrated in 83% of 6 cases of type II lesion. 4. In 36 cases of PID, uterine mass formation is demonstrated and located unilaterally in 64%, associated fluid collection in 47% and bladder indentation in 36% was noted. The diameter of mass shadow is about 4.4cm of average, ranged between 2-9cm. The echogenecity was mixed in 64%, cysticin 31% and solid in 5% of mass lesion.
Abscess ; Classification ; Female ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ; Urinary Bladder

Out of 75 patients who were admitted to our hospital because of abdominal trauma and were undergone theprocedures such as ultrasonography and/or CT scan within 24 hours of abdominal trauma due to suspected abdominalorgan injury. We analyzed the results of 38 patients who were confiremd of diagnosis by operation, follow-up CTscan or ultrasonography. 1. In the abdominal organ injury, solid organ injury consists of 8 cases of spleenlaceration, 1 of splenic subcapsular hematoma, 7 of hepatic laceration, 7 of pancreas laceration, 3 of renallaceration, and 3 of subcapsular hematoma of kidney. 2. In addition, there were 7 bowel and/or mesentericlaceration, 2 diaphragmatic hernia, and 1 urethral rupture. 3. 2 cases fo retroperitoneal hematoma and 1 case inwhich hemoperitoneum occurred without abdominal organ injury were confirmed by follow-up CT or ultrasonography. 4.In all of the 4 patients with multiple organ injury, pancreatic laceration was associated. 5. In abdominal traumapatients, ultrasonography or CT can be used to survey rapidly the entire abdomen for possible associated injury,and be of great help to clinicians in identifying the patients who need immediate surgery or in minimizing theincidence of unnecessary emergency abdominal exploration.
Abdomen ; Diagnosis ; Emergencies ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hematoma ; Hemoperitoneum ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic ; Humans ; Kidney ; Lacerations ; Pancreas ; Rupture ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography