One hundred seven isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from bovine mastitis were investigated for colony morphology in serum-soft agar (SSA), autoagglutination in salt, and capsular serotype. Capsular polysaccharide (CP) was purified and quantified from the extracts of clinical isolates. Overall, 89 isolates (83.2%) were diffuse in the SSA, without any difference in the proportion of diffuse colony between type 5 and type 8 strains. Some strains exhibited compact colonies in the SSA and expressed CP as determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, indicating that compact morphology does not exclude encapsulation. The majority of the strains (11/12) showed autoagglutination in the salt aggregation test. The serotype 336 accounted for 46.7% of the isolates followed by serotype 5 (12.1%) and serotype 8 (12.1%). Particularly, twenty-six (24.3%) isolates reacted with two serotypes; 7 for type 8/336 and 19 for type 5/336. Five isolates (4.7%) were nontypeable with monoclonal antibodies specific for CP serotype 5, 8, or 336. The CP concentration in culture supernatants varied with the serotypes, and the total amount of CP produced by cells grown in a liquid medium was much less than that produced by cells grown on a solid medium. The Western blotting indicated that the CP bands of S. aureus serotype 5 and 8 were ranged in the molecular mass of 58-84 kilodalton (kDa), with additional bands in the region of approximately >or= 48 or Agglutination Tests ; Animals ; Bacterial Vaccines/administration & dosage ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/immunology/microbiology ; Female ; Mastitis, Bovine/*microbiology ; Polysaccharides, Bacterial/*classification/isolation & purification ; Serotyping/methods/veterinary ; Staphylococcal Infections/immunology/*veterinary ; Staphylococcus aureus/*classification/*immunology/isolation & purification

The brain metastasis of prostatic carcinoma is rare and is distinguished by its poor prognosis in cases which are not surgically resectable. Herein we described a 72 year old male with brain metastasis from prostatic carcinoma, which regressed with chemotherapy. Pathological examination of a transrectal needle biopsy disclosed moderatedly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Magnetic resonance imaging of brain demonstrated a brain tumor at the occipital lobe suspected to be a metastasis of prostatic carcinoma. The tumor could not be detected on the brain MRI after 3 months of chemotherapy.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Aged ; Biopsy, Needle ; Brain Neoplasms ; Brain* ; Drug Therapy* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Occipital Lobe ; Prognosis ; Prostate

No abstract available.
Humans ; Thoracic Injuries* ; Thoracotomy*

Congenital esophago-respiratory fistulae in adults have rarely been reported. Moreover, most of those are the cases of bronchoesophageal fistulae, that is to say esophago-lower respiratory fistulae. We experienced case of a congenital tracheoesophageal fistula in an adult, not a bronchoesophageal fistula. At our hospital, a 20-year-old male with recurrent episodes of a paroxysmal(especially postprandial) cough, respiratory infection and relative growth retardation had been diagnosed by using esophagography and esphagoscopy as having a congenital tracheoesophageal fistula with a concomittant esophageal diverticulum. The surgical correction was done successfully. We are excited to report a case of a congenital tracheoesophageal fistula in an adult, which is believed to be the first case of its kind in Korea.
Adult* ; Cough ; Diverticulum, Esophageal ; Fistula ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Tracheoesophageal Fistula* ; Young Adult

No abstract available.

Various materials have been proposed for use in aesthetic and reconstructive augmentation of the face. Three basic types of material are currently available: autografts, homografts, and alloplasts. Alloplastic materials have been used widely for soft tissue augmentation. Many synthetic material have been developed for alloplasty; among these, the porous material, Gore-Tex(r)(ePTFE) allows minimal fibrous tissue ingrowth but the amount is sufficient to confer some stability of the implant in soft tissue over time. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the tissue reaction and size change of Gore-Tex in rabbits. A precise pockets were made in the plane below the panniculus carnosus and periosteum. The 25x5x3mm sized rectangular shape of Gore-Tex(r) was then inserted into the pocket. Tissue specimens including skin and implant were obtained in 1, 3, 6 months after implantation. The specimens were examined grossly and microscopically. Grossly, none of the implants were lost or extruded and there was no evidence of wound infection, hematoma, or seroma formation. Thickness of implants under periosteum decreased more than panniculus carnosus. Results of light microscopy revealed a mild inflammatory cell reaction in the early implant group(1 month) at the tissue-implant interface. Within the substance of the material, tissue ingrowth was not observed in the early implant group(1 month and 3 months), but was observed in the late implant group(6 months). In this study the Gore-Tex appears to be a safe and reliable substance for use in augmentation of bony and soft tissue structure of the face.
Allografts ; Autografts ; Hematoma ; Microscopy ; Periosteum ; Polytetrafluoroethylene* ; Rabbits ; Seroma ; Skin ; Wound Infection

No Abstract available.
Fetus* ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Pre-Eclampsia*

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is the most common cause of left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH). Increased left ventricular mass(LVM) carries independent risk for congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, sudden death, reduction of coronary reserve. The importance of treatment in systemic hypertension for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality has been estabilished. Regression of LVM occurs with a number of antihypertensive drugs. This study was designed to explore the relation between blood pressure control, LVM and left ventricular filling dynamics. METHODS: Twenty five patients (12 men, 13 women) with estabilished hypertension were studied. No patients had a previous history of antihypertensive therapy. We obtained the basal echocardiography at the diagnosis which were disclosed no definite LVH, and the follow-up echocardiography after 6 months antihypertensive therapy with angiotension converting enzyme inhibitor, fosinopril, in patients with untreated essential hypertension. RESULTS: 1) Baseline blood pressure was 150/125mmHg and fell to 104/85mmHg (p<0.001). There was no siginificant reduction in heart rate. LVM were reduced from 153gr/m2 to 129gr/m2. 2) Peak E velocity and Peak A velocity was 82.9cm/sec, 74.9cm/sec and reduced to 67.2cm/sec, 62.3cm/sec, (p<0.001). 3) Time velocity integral dimension E (Ei) and time velocity integral dimension A (Ai) was 13.0cm, 9.0cm and reduced to 8.6cm, 4.5cm respectively. But there was no significant inteval change in peak E/A velocity. Ei/Ai was increased from 1.7 to 2.1 (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggested that antihypertensive therapy with ACE inhibitor for 6 months reduced significantly the left ventricular mass in patients with untreated essential hypertension.
Antihypertensive Agents ; Blood Pressure ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Death, Sudden ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fosinopril ; Heart Failure ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Male ; Mortality

It has been hypothesized that jobs that have both high psychological demands and low decision latitude ('job strain") can lead to musculoskeletal disorder. The objective of this study was to test whether job strain was correlated with the presence of work-related musculoskeletal disorder, especially myofascial pain syndrome (MPS). Information on demographic factors, confounders such as household load and taking care of children or not, and scores for decision latitude, job demand, and social support was obtained by self-administered questionnaire, which had been developed in Korean language, by adopting NIOSH instrument and Extended Karasek Model (16 items). All subjects were also examined by rehabilitation medicine specialists for musculoskeletal disorders. Subjects (n=370) could be categorized into 4 groups, these were, housewives(n=89), shipyard CAD workers(n=89), general female workers(n=79; nurses, insurance counselors, public officials, clerks, etc), and telephone directory assistance operators(n=113). Results from univariate analyses indicated that all demographic factors, all confounders, scores for decision latitude and social support were not associated with the risk of musculoskeletal disorder. However, score for job demand was higher in musculoskeletal disorder cases than others. In subgroup analysis, this association was convinced again, in telephone directory assistance operators. Job strain model showed that the group of telephone directory assistance operators was high-strain group, and OR of musculoskeletal disorder was 2.446 (95% C.I. : 1.174, 5.096), when comparing this with the low strain group. In conclusion, job strain is a risk factor for work-related musculoskeletal disorder.
Child ; Counseling ; Demography ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Humans ; Insurance ; Myofascial Pain Syndromes ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.) ; Questionnaires ; Rehabilitation ; Risk Factors ; Specialization ; Telephone

Human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hATMSC) have emerged as a potentially powerful tool for bone repair, but an appropriate evaluation system has not been established. The purpose of this study was to establish a preclinical assessment system to evaluate the efficacy and safety of cell therapies in a nude rat bone defect model. Segmental defects (5 mm) were created in the femoral diaphyses and transplanted with cell media (control), hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate scaffolds (HA/TCP, Group I), hATMSCs (Group II), or three cell-loading density of hATMSC-loaded HA/TCP (Group III-V). Healing response was evaluated by serial radiography, micro-computed tomography and histology at 16 weeks. To address safety-concerns, we conducted a GLP-compliant toxicity study. Scanning electron microscopy studies showed that hATMSCs filled the pores/surfaces of scaffolds in a cell-loading density-dependent manner. We detected significant increases in bone formation in the hATMSC-loaded HA/TCP groups compared with other groups. The amount of new bone formation increased with increases in loaded cell number. In a toxicity study, no significant hATMSC-related changes were found in body weights, clinical signs, hematological/biochemical values, organ weights, or histopathological findings. In conclusion, hATMSCs loaded on HA/TCP enhance the repair of bone defects and was found to be safe under our preclinical efficacy/safety hybrid assessment system.
Adipose Tissue/*cytology ; Animals ; Biocompatible Materials/therapeutic use ; Bone Diseases/pathology/radiography/*therapy ; Bone Regeneration/physiology ; Calcium Phosphates/therapeutic use ; Diaphyses/radiography/surgery/ultrastructure ; Disease Models, Animal ; Durapatite/therapeutic use ; Femur/*pathology/radiography/surgery ; Humans ; Male ; *Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/*cytology ; Rats ; Rats, Nude ; Tissue Engineering ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Transplantation, Heterologous