CT scan has recently revolutionized diagnostic pediatric neurology. Thus the magnitude of childhood stroke may be larger than that of previously realized. The early recognition and treatment of major risk factors become important in order to prevent stroke in children. We have experienced 7 cases of childhood stroke which were confirmed by CT scan.
Child* ; Humans ; Neurology ; Risk Factors ; Stroke* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The posterior lumbar interbody fusion not only has the advantage of avoiding collapse of the motion segment, it also accomplishes wide decompression of all neural components and distraction of the interverteral disc space. The modified technique of posterior lumbar interbody fusion with preservation of facet and cortical plate alleviates postoperative slippage and settlement. And also, modern improvements in operative illumination, better control of epidural hemorrhage by proper positioning of the patient, and the use of Surgicel as a tamponade in retracting epidural veins and dura definitely improve the technical feasibility of PLIF. Recently we encountered 3 cases of PLIF and the postoperative results were excellent.
Decompression ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Lighting ; Low Back Pain ; Veins

We have experienced 10 cases of intracranial tuberculoma which were confirmed by CT scan in National Medical Center from Jan. '79 to Aug. '82. The analysis is based on 10 cases with intracranial tuberculoma on whom operation was performed in 7 cases and conservative treatment was done in 3 cases. Extracranial disease or a past history of tuberculosis are evident in half of patients. The common presenting features are intracranial hypertension and papilledema. These are usually located in the supratentorial region. The use of CT brain scanning can be of great help in diagnosis and follow up more than others. The current treatment consists of medical therapy such as combined antituberculous agents, but surgical exploration may be reserved for intractable seizure, suspected brain tumor and medical failure or severe intracranial hypertension.
Brain ; Brain Neoplasms ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intracranial Hypertension ; Papilledema ; Seizures ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tuberculoma, Intracranial* ; Tuberculosis

A case of multiple brain abscess in the congenital heart disease in a 3 year-old child was diagnosed by computed tomography and treated by aspiration. The C-T scan is invaluable for the detection of multiloculation of a brain abscess.
Brain Abscess* ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Heart Defects, Congenital* ; Humans

We have presented a case of juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma of the third ventricle with the features of the diencephalic syndrome. A 18 month old female child developed progressively lethargy, emaciation, pallor, tremor, right hemiparesis, nystagmus and marked hydrocephalus with symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. CT scan showed large decreased density in the suprasellar area with extension to the left middle fossa and moderate right parasellar extension with irregular contrast enhancement, and dilatation of both lateral ventricles. The growth hormone increased very severely(80ng%). Biopsy was done through the left temporal lobe. Literatures were also reviewed.
Astrocytoma* ; Biopsy ; Child ; Dilatation ; Emaciation ; Female ; Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Infant ; Intracranial Pressure ; Lateral Ventricles ; Lethargy ; Pallor ; Paresis ; Temporal Lobe ; Third Ventricle* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Tremor

Disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC) occurs rarely in head injury, but has not previously been reported following elective brain tumor surgery. There have been two case reports of DIC associated with primary brain tumors in the world literature. Vardi et al.(1974) reported an autopsy case(19F) of DIC associated with a medically treated oligodendroglioma in the left parietotemporal lobe invaded the ventricle. The second case(23F) was reported by Matjasko and Ducker and the case developed fulminating DIC during the removal of a third ventricular perihypothalamic oligodendroglioma. They couldn't get autopsy permission. The authors report the occurrence of fulminating DIC following removal of a fourth ventricular Ependymoma in a 5-yr. old boy, which was conformed by autopsy. This may be the third case of DIC associated with primary brain tumor and the first autopsy case of DIC developing following removal of Ependymoma in the fourth ventricle.
Autopsy ; Brain Neoplasms ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Dacarbazine ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation* ; Ependymoma* ; Fourth Ventricle ; Humans ; Male ; Oligodendroglioma

The diagnosis of retroorbital tumor is at times difficult and the decision as to the best surgical approach to orbital tumors is often difficult. The rapid development of diagnostic radiologic procedures has provided a means of more precisely defining the nature and extent of the lesion and with the advent of microsurgical techniques, they could allow safe access to the orbit transcranially. The advantage of the transcranial approach to orbital tumors is apparent for disease processes that arise in or extend to the intracranial cavity, and superior access to the apical portion of the optic nerve and to the medial and lateral superior quadrants of the orbit. Furthermore, good functional and cosmetic outcome is possible. The authors had experienced good results of transcranial approach in 15 cases of retroorbital tumors.
Diagnosis ; Optic Nerve ; Orbit

The authors analized the 98 cases of cervical spine injuries without fracture or dislocation by hyperflexion/hyperextension of the neck. The peak incidence of the age was in the second to fourth decades(69.4%). There was a male preponderance with a sex ratio of. 1.8 : 1. Sources of trauma were motor vehicle accident, object falling on and motorcycle accident in the order of frequency. The common mechanisms of injury were flexion-extension, extension and flexion injury in the order of frequency. There were 10 cases of cervical cord injury without fracture or dislocation and operative management was given in 6 cases of them. The most common preexisting disease was congenital cervical stenosis. Surgical modality such as laminectomy, laminoplasty and anterior decompressive procedure made them improved. The authors discuss the mechanism of injury and surgical management of the patients with cervical cord injury in the absence of concomittent fracture or dislocation.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Dislocations* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Laminectomy ; Male ; Motor Vehicles ; Motorcycles ; Neck ; Preexisting Condition Coverage ; Sex Ratio ; Spine*

We report a case of disseminated calcific cysticercosis of brain, accompanied with marked hydrocephalus. Histopathologically, the calcific spots consisted of mummified scolex and bladder of cysticercus cellulosae with a diffuse calcification, but no area of cystic change were noted. Surrounding brain tissue showed a dense fibrous reaction and gliosis with little foreign body reaction.
Brain* ; Cysticercosis ; Cysticercus ; Foreign-Body Reaction ; Gliosis ; Hydrocephalus ; Urinary Bladder

The author experienced 2 cases of cerebellar abscess, which were secondary to otogenic disease. Increased intracranial pressure signs were developed, in one case from the PTA 3 days and in the other case 12 days after radical mastoidectomy in patient with chronic otitis media. Brain CT scan. Revealed ring enhanced hypodensity on posterior fossa. Total excisions were made with complete recovery: First case 3/4 2 stage operation, aspiration and total excision. Second case 3/4 Total excision.
Abscess* ; Brain ; Humans ; Intracranial Pressure ; Otitis Media ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed