No abstract available.
Arthroplasty* ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Head* ; Hemiarthroplasty* ; Necrosis*

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the epidemic pyrogenic reactions that occurred hospital-widely in 51 patients on 30-31 Mar. 1995 at a tertiary, educational, and acute care hospital. METHODS: The remained intravenous (IV) drugs and IV fluids that were infused to patients (N=51) who developed pyrogenic reactions were cultured and tested pyrogenic matter. Pyrogenic test was done by Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (PyrotellRMA,USA). RESULTS: IV normal saline 50 cc bottles (AAXSAT and AAX5AV) those were collected being used from case patients, and new bottles stocked in the drug storage were positive to pyrogenic test. Used normal saline collected from case patients were cultured coagulase-negative Staphylococus. Moreover the company, manufacturer of these fluids reported the positive pyrogenic test on these IV fluids (AAXSAT and AAX5AV). CONCLUSION: This epidemic was a pyrogenic reaction for infused the intrinsic contaminated fluid with pyrogen. We could prevent not the additional pyrogenic reactions in study hospital but national wide epidemics to apply the rapid and well-designed epidemic investigation and infection control.
Bacteremia ; Cross Infection ; Drug Storage ; Horseshoe Crabs ; Humans ; Infection Control

While scaphoid injuries are the most common carpal bone injuries, injuries to other carpal bones also occur frequently, accounting for about 40% of all carpal bone injuries. These non-scaphoid injuries are often complex, typically resulting from high-energy trauma and involving damage to two or more carpal bones or surrounding soft tissues. The carpus is a complex joint with eight carpal bones, making an accurate initial diagnosis challenging in many cases. A missed diagnosis or delayed treatment can lead to complications such as malunion, nonunion, avascular necrosis, and carpal instability. These complications can result in arthritis, neurovascular compression, and tendon rupture, causing chronic pain and functional impairment of the wrist joint. Therefore, careful attention to diagnosis and treatment is essential at the time of injury.

While scaphoid injuries are the most common carpal bone injuries, injuries to other carpal bones also occur frequently, accounting for about 40% of all carpal bone injuries. These non-scaphoid injuries are often complex, typically resulting from high-energy trauma and involving damage to two or more carpal bones or surrounding soft tissues. The carpus is a complex joint with eight carpal bones, making an accurate initial diagnosis challenging in many cases. A missed diagnosis or delayed treatment can lead to complications such as malunion, nonunion, avascular necrosis, and carpal instability. These complications can result in arthritis, neurovascular compression, and tendon rupture, causing chronic pain and functional impairment of the wrist joint. Therefore, careful attention to diagnosis and treatment is essential at the time of injury.

While scaphoid injuries are the most common carpal bone injuries, injuries to other carpal bones also occur frequently, accounting for about 40% of all carpal bone injuries. These non-scaphoid injuries are often complex, typically resulting from high-energy trauma and involving damage to two or more carpal bones or surrounding soft tissues. The carpus is a complex joint with eight carpal bones, making an accurate initial diagnosis challenging in many cases. A missed diagnosis or delayed treatment can lead to complications such as malunion, nonunion, avascular necrosis, and carpal instability. These complications can result in arthritis, neurovascular compression, and tendon rupture, causing chronic pain and functional impairment of the wrist joint. Therefore, careful attention to diagnosis and treatment is essential at the time of injury.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS), as defied recently by critical-care specialists, may result from various etiologies including infection, bum, or trauma. The purpose of this study was to determine whether TNF- alpha is associated with the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by multiple trauma. METHODS: The study population consisted of 21 patients with multiple trauma presented emergency department within 2 hours after insult were enrolled in this study Multiple blood samples were serially drawn to measure seam TNF-alpha level on admission, 12 hours, 24 hours, and every day until 5 days after injury. Serum TNF-alpha was measured by ELISA ("Sandwich type"). Blood samples of fifteen volunteers were used as a reference value far serum TNF-alpha. RESULTS: Serum TNF-alpha. levels of SIRS group were persistency elevated above reference value until 3 days after on admission. Peak seam TNF-alpha level at 12 hours after admission was higher in SIRS group than non-SIRS group(p< 0.05). There was no significant correlation between injury severity score and TNF-alpha levels on regression analysis, all patients with ISS higher than 16 had SIRS. No one had SIRS among patients with ISS less than 16. CONCLUSION: the result of this study suggests that persistent elevation of TNF-alpha and degree of injury severity are associated with the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome in multiple trauma.
Emergency Service, Hospital ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Injury Severity Score ; Multiple Trauma* ; Reference Values ; Specialization ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha* ; Volunteers

BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to investigate whether the preoperative nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was a risk factor for surgical site infections and nosocomial infections in open heart surgery patients. METHODS: From June 10, 2002 to October 30, 2002, data were collected by prospective surveillance carried out by infection control nurses. Nasal swabs were taken from patients (N= 106) on the day before surgery. The swabs were incubated in staphylococcal broth for 24 hours, and then it was incubated on mannitol salt agar for 24 hours. Muller-Hinton agar supplemented with oxacillin (6 microgram/mL) was used to identify MRSA. RESULTS: Among the study patients (N=106), four(4/106, 3.8%) were identified as MRSA carriers and nine (9/103 , 8.7%) developed nosocomial infections, including three patients (3/103 , 2.9%) who had postoperative mediastinitis Preoperative nasal carriage of MRSA was not associated with nosocomial infections nor surgical site infections (P>0.05). However, the length of hospital stay prior to nasal swab or surgery was found to be associated with MRSA carriage (OR=1.108, 95%CI: 1.026-1.197) or nosocomial infections (OR=1.087, 95%CI: 1.017-1.161). Additionally, the patients with nosocomial infections were more likely than those without to stay in the hospital for a longer period after surgery (P<0.00l). CONCLUSION: Preoperative nasal carriage of MRSA by the patient was not identified as a risk factor for surgical site infection and nosocomial infections in open heart surgery.
Agar ; Cross Infection* ; Humans ; Infection Control ; Length of Stay ; Mannitol ; Mediastinitis ; Methicillin Resistance* ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus* ; Oxacillin ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Thoracic Surgery*

No abstract available.
HL-60 Cells* ; Humans

BACKGROUND: Administration of hepatitis B vaccine has played a major part in the management of public health in this country. There were many researches to assess the immunogenecity, safety, long term effectiveness, dose, and route of administration of hepatitis B vaccine. But there was lack of validation of the recommendation that hepatit.is B vaccine should be administered in adults with negative HBsAg and AntiHBs, in an endemic area with high prevalence of HBsAg. Authors tried to establish a proper candidate for hepatitis B vaccination evaluating viral markers of hepatitis B in adults vaccinated. METHODS: 172 hepatitis B vaccinated subjects(35.0%) were drawn from 491 adults who have visited at health care center, Asan Kangnung Hospital from April 1st to May 31th, 1997. They were asked designed questions about the beginning year, frequency of vaccination, and the presence of family members with HBsAg in a direct line. RESULTS: Of the subjects(172), 2.3% were HBsAg(+), 63.4% AntiHBs(+), 68.6% AntiHBc(+). Among the HBsAg(-) adults(149) who had been vaccinated more than three times, 70.4%(105) were AntiHBs(+), of whom 66.6%(70) were AntiHBc(+) and 29.6%(44) were AntiHBs(-), of whom 56.8%(25) were AntiHBc(+). In the subjects(20) with family history of HBsAg, 80% were AntiHBc(+), which is higher than 61.2% in the group(129) without family history. Among the HBsAg(-) and AntiHBc(-) adults(54) who had been vaccinated more than three times, AntiHBs(+) group was not significantly differnt from AntiHBs(-) group in comparison of age and years after initial vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: The two thirds(68.9%) of vaccinated subjects showed AntiHBc(+), which means reflection of previous exposure to Hepatitis B virus. Accordingly, vaccination is not thought to be required for these. Consequently, all individuals are thought to have to be pretested for the presence of AntiHBc as well as HBsAg and AntiHBs in Korea.
Adult* ; Biomarkers ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Delivery of Health Care ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens* ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; Hepatitis B virus* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Korea ; Prevalence ; Public Health ; Vaccination

No abstract available.
Pheochromocytoma*