No abstract available.
Cleft Lip*

No abstract available.
Cartilage* ; Enophthalmos* ; Ribs* ; Transplants*

No abstract available.
Cleft Lip* ; Humans ; Lip*

In the majority of East Asian eyelids, the presence of a medial epicanthal fold is one of the unique anatomic characteristics. Roundness of medial canthal area and a narrow, short palpebral fissure are aesthetic consequences of this anatomic features. But, the idea of beauty has changed with time by influence of western culture. Many people are favorable to the wide open eye without epicanthal fold, which make improved facial balance. Double-eyelid operation is the most commonly performed procedure of aesthetic surgery field in Korea. However, many cases of successfully done double-eyelid operation results in only partial improvement by leaving medial epicanthal folds. We can get the improved results by utilizing epicanthopasty that lengthens the palpebral fissure, and thus producing the image of a larger, open eye. Consequently the requirements for epicanthoplasty has increased in modern time. The Uchida's split V-W plasty is one of the most frequently used methods. But, it has disadvantages of completely exposed scar, potential for dog-ear formation, and two stage procedure with some cases of double-eyelid operation. We modified the Uchida's method by moving the position of 2 triangular flaps more laterally and conjoining the incision line of double-eyelid operation with that of epicanthoplasty. The purposes of our modification are not complete elimination but relieving the epicanthal fold, hiding the minimal scar behind the new relieved the new relieved fold and preventing the dog-ear on the transitional zone. From January, 1995 to June, 1999, this method was applied to 93 patients who have medial epicanthal folds and performed with double-eyelid operation concomitantly. Age ranged From 12 to 47 years and the mean age was 23 years. Through the mean 15 months of follow up, the mean widening of the palpebral fissure width was 2.5mm and the mean reduction of the intercanthal distance was 5mm. The modified Uchida's method has advantages of simplicity in procedure, effectiveness in results, minimal scarring with hiding behind the new small fold, and one stage procedure with double-eyelid operation. We think it can be applied generally to almost of all double-eyelid operation except epicanthal fold is marked severe.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Beauty ; Cicatrix ; Eyelids ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Korea

New antidepressants have become available for clinical use in the 1990s. Before this decade, the drugs available to treat depression consisted essentially of monoamine oxidase inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, and lithium. Following the introduction of SSRIs, the options have expanded and now include SSRIs nefazodone, venlafaxine, mirtazapine, reboxetine, tianeptine. Newer antidepressants possess a variety of pharmacological characteristics that are relevant to the choice of an antidepressant for clinical use. This review summarizes some of the major pharmacological characteristics among the drugs.
Antidepressive Agents ; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic ; Depression ; Lithium ; Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors ; Venlafaxine Hydrochloride

The genetically determined CYP2D6 activity may be considered to be associated with antipsychotic induced extrapyramidal side effects with inter-individual variation. Genetic polymorphism of CYP2D6 was determined by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and Mspl restriction fragment length polymorphisms(RFLP) for 194 schizophrenics. Subjects with a 334bp band were classified a1a1, those with 229bp and 105bp bands a2a2, and those with all three bands a1a2. We did not identify schizophrenic subject with poor metabolizer. 194 schizophrenic patients previously treated neuroleptic medication, were assessed by Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale(ESRS). The cases were composed of 33 akathisia, 47 parkinsonism, 21 tardive dyskinesia. These results are similar to the previous understanding that the poor metabolizer is very rare in Orientals compared to Caucasians, therefore, it considered that CYP2D6 genotypes have maybe no association with schizophrenia and extrapyramidal side effects in Koreans.
Antipsychotic Agents* ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6* ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System* ; Cytochromes* ; Genotype ; Humans ; Movement Disorders ; Parkinsonian Disorders ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Psychomotor Agitation ; Schizophrenia

BACKGROUND: Statistical errors have been noted in a large percentage of articles appearing in medical journals. Their incidence in the Annals of Dermatology and the Korean Journal of Dermatology, however, has not been studied. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of statistical methods in the Annals of Dermatology and the Korean Journal of Dermatology. METHOD: Original papers using the t test in the Annals of Dermatology(AD) and in the Korean Journal of Dermatology(KJD) from January 1990 to July 1994 were analyzed for correctness of statistical methods. RESULTS: Of the 376 original papers in the period considered, 78(20.7%) presented t tests and 43(55.1%) of these also contained some errors. Of the 9 papers from the Annals of Dermatology, 4(44.4%) included at least one error. Of the 69 papers from the Korean Journal of Dermatology, 39(56.5%) included at least one error. CONCLUSION: Misuse of statistical methodology may not be uncommon in the two Korean Dermatology journals, and it would be prudent to give more attention to statistical methodology.
Dermatology* ; Incidence ; Methods

Dermatologist should be aware of the practical importance of proper selection of ski.n lesions for histologic examination, the correct methods for performing biopsy, and steps involved in tissue preparation. They should be acquainted with factors producing various artifacts and ways to prevent these changes. This study was undertaken to investigate the artifacts of 300 dermatopathologic tissue sections which prepared by 3 general hospitals in Seoul in 1983. The results were summarized as follows. [.The percentage of artifacts produced by selection of inapropriate lesion was 4. 0% artifacts during biopsy procedure was 18. 3% inadequate size and depth of specimen was 7. 3%, faulty embedding was 12. 0%, tissue tearing or loss was 49. 3% artifactal dermoepidermal separation was 3.0%, linear knife marking was 17.0% thick or thin section was 8. 3% tissue overlapping was 12. 0% uneven stiining or precipitation was 3. 7%, and foreign body contamination was 3, 7% The percentage of good specimen was 21, 7% diagnostic was 56. 3% not diagnostic but suggestive was 8.7% and reading impossible was 13. 3% 3. The major causes of reading impossible specimen which attributed to the procedures of dermatologist were 40.0% to the proccss of technician were 47.5% and to both were 12. 5%
Artifacts* ; Biopsy* ; Foreign Bodies ; Hospitals, General ; Seoul ; Skin*

No abstract available.
Dermatomycoses* ; Humans

No Abstract Available.