No abstract available.
Catheterization, Swan-Ganz* ; Oximetry* ; Pulmonary Artery*

BACKGROUND: Tinea faciale usually has been classified as tinea corgoris. Recently it has often been classified as a seperate disease recently because of its various clinicel pesentations. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and mycological findings of tinea faciale, METHODS: Clinieal and mycological study was done with 42 eases of tinea faciale among out-patients examined for eight years from January 1985 to December 1992 at Yeungnam University Hospital, Taegu, Korea. RESULTS & CONCLUSION: 1. The average of annual distribution of patients was five and there a as no significant difference according to year. The age distribution of patients was highest under age 10(33.4%). The ratio of male to female patient was 3.1: 1. Monthly or seasonal distribution if patients was not significantly different. 2. Of 42 cases, causative organisms were isolated in 31 cases. They are Trichophyton(T.) rubrum in 19 cases (61.3%), Microsporum(M.) canis in 6 cases (19.4%), T. mentcgrophytes in 5 cases (16.1%) and M. gypseum in 1 case(3.7%) in tbe order of decreasing frequncd M. canis was the main causative organisrn in children under age 10. In the age group after 10, T. rubrum was predominated. T. rubrum infection was most frequently seen in spring, T. mentagrphates infection was seen more in winter and M. canis infectior in autumn. 3. Classic annular types were seen most frequently in the cases caused by T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes. Papular types were seen most commonly in the case caused by M. canis. Multiple facial lesions were seen in T. rubrum infection (2 cases) and Of canis infection (1 case). Tinea faciale simulated several other dermatoses. These were contact, dermatitis, lupus erythematosus, photosensitive dermatosis, rosacea, granuloma annulare and acne. Of these, tinea faciale simulated contact dermatitis most frequently. Coexisting fungal infections were found in 7 patients and tinea corporis was most frequently present. Topical antifungsl agent was tried alone in 22 cases, and topical and systemic antifungal agent were combined in 20 cases.
Acne Vulgaris ; Age Distribution ; Child ; Daegu ; Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Female ; Granuloma Annulare ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Outpatients ; Rosacea ; Seasons ; Skin Diseases ; Tinea*

BACKGROUND: Tinea faciale usually has been classified as tinea corgoris. Recently it has often been classified as a seperate disease recently because of its various clinicel pesentations. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and mycological findings of tinea faciale, METHODS: Clinieal and mycological study was done with 42 eases of tinea faciale among out-patients examined for eight years from January 1985 to December 1992 at Yeungnam University Hospital, Taegu, Korea. RESULTS & CONCLUSION: 1. The average of annual distribution of patients was five and there a as no significant difference according to year. The age distribution of patients was highest under age 10(33.4%). The ratio of male to female patient was 3.1: 1. Monthly or seasonal distribution if patients was not significantly different. 2. Of 42 cases, causative organisms were isolated in 31 cases. They are Trichophyton(T.) rubrum in 19 cases (61.3%), Microsporum(M.) canis in 6 cases (19.4%), T. mentcgrophytes in 5 cases (16.1%) and M. gypseum in 1 case(3.7%) in tbe order of decreasing frequncd M. canis was the main causative organisrn in children under age 10. In the age group after 10, T. rubrum was predominated. T. rubrum infection was most frequently seen in spring, T. mentagrphates infection was seen more in winter and M. canis infectior in autumn. 3. Classic annular types were seen most frequently in the cases caused by T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes. Papular types were seen most commonly in the case caused by M. canis. Multiple facial lesions were seen in T. rubrum infection (2 cases) and Of canis infection (1 case). Tinea faciale simulated several other dermatoses. These were contact, dermatitis, lupus erythematosus, photosensitive dermatosis, rosacea, granuloma annulare and acne. Of these, tinea faciale simulated contact dermatitis most frequently. Coexisting fungal infections were found in 7 patients and tinea corporis was most frequently present. Topical antifungsl agent was tried alone in 22 cases, and topical and systemic antifungal agent were combined in 20 cases.
Acne Vulgaris ; Age Distribution ; Child ; Daegu ; Dermatitis ; Dermatitis, Contact ; Female ; Granuloma Annulare ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Outpatients ; Rosacea ; Seasons ; Skin Diseases ; Tinea*

Various susceptibility tests have been used to determine minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) of dermatophytes. They have limitations to apply practically because they need long time to determine MiC. Authors examined MIC of T. rubrum to ketoconazole and itraconazole using 96- well microplate and 24-well macroplate by method of Granade and Artis and tried to check the possibility of this method on clinical application. Nine strains of T. rubrum from patients with dermatophytosis were used. Evaluations of the factors affecting MIC were also tried. The results as follows. 1. Effect of inoculation density on determination time and MIC: Determination of MIC were possible in 4th days after inoculation at higher inoculation density (aborbance 2.0, 1.0) compared to 6th days at lower inoculation density (absorbance 0.5, 0.25). 2. Effect of incubation temperature on MIC: When incubating at 37℃, MIC were below 0.006-0.04µg/ml to ketoconazole and below 0.006-0.04µg/ml to itraconazole while at 25℃ 0.08-5.68µ8/ml to ketoconazole and 0.006-0.71µg/ml to itraconazole. Significant reduction of MIC was observed at 37℃ compared to 25℃. 3. Effect of container size on determination time and MIC: When incubating in 96–well microplate and 24-well macroplate, determination of MIC was possible in 4th to 6th days after inoculation in broth-containig 96-well microplate compared to 8th to 12th days in broth-containing 24-well macroplate. But no difference in MIC was observed between different container size. 4. Effect of media on MIC: When using broth as media, MIC were below 0.006-5.68µg/ml to ketoconazole, below 0.006-0.36µg/ml to itraconazole in broth-containg 24-well macroplate. When using agar as media, MIC were below 0.006-5.68 µg/ml to ketoconazole, below 0.006-5.68 µg/ ml to itraconazole in agar-containing 24-well macroplate. 5. These findings confirm that determination of MIC of dermatophtes by method of Granade and Artis is fast and simple technique for antifungal susceptibility test.
Agar ; Arthrodermataceae ; Humans ; Itraconazole ; Ketoconazole ; Methods* ; Tinea ; Trichophyton*

No abstract available.
Congenital Hypothyroidism* ; Thyroid Dysgenesis*

No abstract available.
Foreign Bodies*

No abstract available.
Sinusitis*

The incidence of the cutaneous tuberculosis has shown a steady decline over the past decades. This parallels the decreasing incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. We experienced 5 cases of cutaneous tuberculosis from January 1990 to February 1991. We present herein 4 cases of cutaneous tuberculosis. They were 3 cases of vulgaris and 1 case of tuberculosis verrucosa cutis. Mantoux tests were done except one case and were reactive in all cases. Culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis were done but Mycobacterium tuberculosis were not cultivated in the all cases. Histopathological findings showed tuberculoid granulomas in the dermis except one case and no acid fast bacilli were demonstrated on AFB stains.
Coloring Agents ; Dermis ; Granuloma ; Incidence ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Cutaneous* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Clonidine, an a2-adrenergic agonist, has sedative and analgesic properties and reduces the inhalation anesthetic requirement and modifies the hemodynamic responses to surgery. But occasionally, severe bradycardia and hypotensian during inhalation anesthesia develops following oral clonidine premedication. To predict intraoperative hemodynamic changes during enflurane anesthesia, author evaluated noninvasive autonomic tests consisted of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), Valsalva's maneuver (VSV), R-R interval difference in head up tilt (HTR) and diastolic blood pressure difference in head up tilt (HTP) in fifty-one patients (ASA physical status I~II ) scheduled for elective surgery. Patients were received 5 ug/kg of oral clonidine at 90 min before operation. Anesthesia was maintained with enflurane, oxygen (2 liter/min) and nitrous oxide (2 liter /min). The enflurane concentration was controlled to maintain blood pressure within +/-20% of preinduction value. After anesthesia, patients were allocated to two groups according to above and below 0.5 MAC (0.84 vo1%) enflurane concentration. Each preoperative autonomic test results revealed significant correlation with heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and enflurane concentration (EC), respectively (p<0.05). Values of RSA, HTR, HTP, MAP and HH wm 81+/-14.4 ms, 76+/-43.5 ms, -6+/-5.2 mmHg, 76+6.4 mmHg and 63+/-5.5 beats/min, respectively in below 0.5 MAC enflurane concentration group and were significantly different from values of RSA; 16933.7 ms, HTR; 175+/-41.7 ms, HTP; 6+/-3.1 mmHg, MAP; 90+/-11.0 mmHg and HR; 76+/-7.6 beats/min in above 0.5 MAC enflurane concen- tration group (p<0.05). In conclusion, the simple noninvasive autonomic tests are recommended in prediction of intra-operative hemodynamic changes during enflurane anesthesia when oral clonidine premedication is indicated.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, Inhalation ; Arrhythmia, Sinus ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Bradycardia ; Clonidine* ; Enflurane* ; Head ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics* ; Humans ; Inhalation ; Nitrous Oxide ; Oxygen ; Premedication ; Valsalva Maneuver

In vivo 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was used to evaluate the effect of nimodipine on changes of [H] (pH) and the ratio of [PCr]/[Pi] in cats subjected to an incomplete global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion under the pretreated condition of hyperglycemia. Animals were subjected to a transient (18 minutes) incomplete global cerebral ischemia; the systemic arterial hypotension was induced, and immediately followed by the bilateral carotid artery ligation. Twenty cats were divided into 3 groups; for group 1 (control), 7 cats were employed for a control group; for group 2 (hyperglycemia), 7 cats were a hyperglycemia group with infusion of 50% glucose prior to ischemia; for group 3 (Nimodipine), 6 cats were infused with 50% glucose prior to ischemia, and nimodipine after ischemia. The time course of changes in pH and [PCr]/ [Pi] was monitored before, during and after ischemia. The pH decreased immediately after ischemia in all three groups. After the reperfusion was made, the values of the pH did not retum to the baseline value for the group 2 (hyperglycemia) and 3 (nimodipine), in contrary to the group 1 (control). The ratio of [PCr]/[Pi] was dropped to 20% of the baseline value after ischemia in all three groups. The value was recovered progres- sively during reperfusion period for group 1 (control), whereas for group 2 (hyperglycemia) and group 3 (Nimodipine) the values were remained depressed. The results suggest that the condition of hyperglycemia induced by the infusion of 50% glucose prior to the incomplete global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, may deteriorate the cerebral ischemia and the infusion of nimodipine during ischemia-reperfusion has no beneficial effects to improve the cerebral acidosis and the metabolic recovery.
Acidosis ; Animals ; Brain Ischemia ; Carotid Arteries ; Cats* ; Glucose ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hyperglycemia* ; Hypotension ; Ischemia ; Ligation ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Nimodipine* ; Reperfusion