No abstract available.
Diaphragm*

No abstract available.
Tetralogy of Fallot*

PURPOSE: Perinatal asphyxia occurring in newborn is one of the major causes of acute mortality and chronic neurological disability in survivors. We have studied the relationship between early electroencephalography(EEG) findings and clinical course and neurologic outcome in severe asphyxiated neonates. METHODS: Between the period of July 1999 and June 2002, 25 neonates who were diagnosed with severe perinatal asphyxia(1-minute Apgar score of < or =3 and initial pH is less than 7.2) at NICU in Dongsan Medical Center were enrolled. An EEG was recorded and analyzed within three days of life and divided into two groups - group 1(normal or focal change on EEG) and group 2(generalized abnormal EEG). Between the two groups, clinical courses and neurologic outcomes were compared. RESULTS: Fifteen infants(60%) were group 1 and ten infants(40%) were group 2(polyspikes, burst- suppression, generalized low voltage). Associated maternal disease, days of hospitalization, need for ventilator support, delay of oral feeding and convulsion duration are significantly higher and longer in group 2. Also, poor neurologic outcome(expire, developmental delay) was significantly higher in group 2(60%) than group 1(13.3%). CONCLUSION: Thus, the early neonatal EEG in asphyxiated newborn can be a predictable diagnostic tool in assessment of neurologic outcome.
Apgar Score ; Asphyxia ; Electroencephalography ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Infant, Newborn* ; Mortality ; Seizures ; Survivors ; Ventilators, Mechanical

No abstract available.
Child* ; Edema* ; Humans ; Renal Insufficiency*

PURPOSE: Nowadays, the population of foreign women who are married to Korean men is increasing. This study was undertaken to get clinical data for perinatal care of marriage immigrant women and their babies. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of medical records was conducted on marriage immigrant women and their babies who were admitted at Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University over a 5-year period (Jan. 2005-Dec. 2009). Additionally, birth year-, gestational age-, number (s) of fetus-, and gender-matched native parturient women and their babies were selected by random sampling with twice the number as the control group. RESULTS: Total 5,158 babies were born during the study period (male: 52.7%, female: 47.3%). The number of babies born from native mothers was 5,046 (97.8%). Babies born from immigrant women and other foreign mothers were 66 (1.3%) and 48 (0.9%), respectively. The most common nationality of immigrant women was Vietnam (n=43, 65.2%), and the others were China (n=13, 19.7%) and Philippines (n=6, 9.1%). Immigrant women (24.1+/-4.6 yr) were younger than native parturients (32.7+/-4.0 yr), and spouses were older in immigrant group (42.3+/-7.1 yr) than the control (35.1+/-4.5 yr) (P<0.001). The body weight of the immigrant women (59.2+/-10.5 kg) were lighter than the control (69.1+/-9.1 kg) around delivery (P<0.001). In maternal morbidity, the incidence of hepatitis B surface (HBs) antigenemia was higher in immigrant women (13.8%) than the control (3.8%) (P<0.05). Intrauterine growth retardation was more frequently developed in immigrant women, whereas hypertension and diabetes were more frequent in the control, but not significant. In babies born from immigrant women, birth weight (2,680+/-630 g) and head circumference (32.4+/-2.3 cm) were less than that (2,870+/-590 g and 33.2+/-2.1 cm) of native mothers' babies (P<0.05). Birth height was similar in two groups (47.3+/-3.3 cm vs. 47.8+/-3.3 cm). There were no differences between two groups in terms of presence of perinatal diseases in babies. CONCLUSIONS: Marriage immigrant women have a higher incidence of HBs antigenemia and their spouses tend to be elders. Babies born from immigrant women may show significant differences in physical measures including birth weight and head circumference in comparison with native mothers' babies. Therefore follow-up evaluation of growth and development during infancy is necessary.
Birth Weight ; Body Weight ; China ; Emigrants and Immigrants ; Ethnic Groups ; Female ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Growth and Development ; Head ; Hepatitis B ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Marriage ; Medical Records ; Mothers ; Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 ; Parturition ; Perinatal Care ; Philippines ; Retrospective Studies ; Spouses ; Vietnam

Blood was known as a potent inhibitor of pulmonary surfactant, and maternal blood aspiration is a rare cause of respiratory distress syndrome in neonates. We experienced a neonate with a history of maternal antepartum hemorrhage who developed respiratory distress after birth and blood was aspirated from tracheal suction. He received artificial ventilation and subsequent improvement of chest x-ray and oxygenation index was noted after artificial surfactant replacement therapy. The aspirated blood was of maternal origin.
Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Mothers ; Oxygen ; Parturition ; Pulmonary Surfactants ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; Suction ; Thorax ; Ventilation

Congenital anomaly of the extrahepatic biliary system is relatively common, especially vascular variations are much more frequent than anatomic variations. The normal anatomical structure is encountered in only 35 percent of individuals, many of these variations have little or no clinical improtance, but some cases induce symptoms and signs or may lead to incorrect diagnosis and inappropriate management. These are very important to correct diagnosis of biliary variations observed during ultrasonography, cholangiography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) and to accurate management by surgeon or endoscopist since accidental section or ligation of aberrant structures can lead to serious complications. We experienced a very rare case of extrahepatic bile duct anomaly confirmed by ERCP. The right and left extrahepatic ducts were connected at the level of the pancreatic segment of the common bile duct and the cystic duct drains to the right extrahepatic duct. There were several stones in the distal portion of the left extrahepatic duct and gallbladder.
Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic* ; Cholangiography ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Choledocholithiasis ; Common Bile Duct ; Cystic Duct ; Diagnosis ; Gallbladder ; Ligation ; Ultrasonography

Congenital anomaly of the extrahepatic biliary system is relatively common, especially vascular variations are much more frequent than anatomic variations. The normal anatomical structure is encountered in only 35 percent of individuals, many of these variations have little or no clinical improtance, but some cases induce symptoms and signs or may lead to incorrect diagnosis and inappropriate management. These are very important to correct diagnosis of biliary variations observed during ultrasonography, cholangiography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) and to accurate management by surgeon or endoscopist since accidental section or ligation of aberrant structures can lead to serious complications. We experienced a very rare case of extrahepatic bile duct anomaly confirmed by ERCP. The right and left extrahepatic ducts were connected at the level of the pancreatic segment of the common bile duct and the cystic duct drains to the right extrahepatic duct. There were several stones in the distal portion of the left extrahepatic duct and gallbladder.
Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic* ; Cholangiography ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Choledocholithiasis ; Common Bile Duct ; Cystic Duct ; Diagnosis ; Gallbladder ; Ligation ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: To determine the relation between the initial plasma cytokine response and the neurological prognosis in term infants with severe fetal distress. METHODS: Infants with severe fetal distress at birth (n=23) were studied prospectively. Cytokine concentrations were measured from umbilical cord blood at 3 and 12 hours of life by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, and IL-18. The study groups were divided into good (n=14) or poor prognostic group (n=9) according to survival and presence of cerebral palsy (CP) later and correlations with afore mentioned cytokine levels were determined. RESULTS: Cord blood IL-1beta and IL-18 concentrations were similar in both groups. However, infants with poor prognosis had significantly higher median (range) IL-6 concentration than infants with good prognosis at 3 hours [323.6 (32.6-812.8) vs. 38.4 (6.3- 322.7) pg/mL] (P=0.001), and 12 hours of life [287.1 (16.4-769.1) vs. 66.2 (8.8-757.8) pg/mL] (P<0.05). Significant higher IL-6 levels greater than 200 pg/mL were observed at 3 hours (P=0.005) and at 12 hours of life (P=0.023) for poor prognosis group. CONCLUSION: There was a significant correlation between neurologic outcome and plasma IL-6 levels. Higher concentrations of IL-6 (>200 pg/mL) may be a useful indicator of poor neurological outcome in infants with severe fetal distress.
Cerebral Palsy ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Fetal Blood ; Fetal Distress* ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn* ; Interleukin-18 ; Interleukin-6 ; Interleukins ; Parturition ; Plasma ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies

Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease by Trichomonas vaginalis infection that may be associated with preterm delivery and low birth weight in the newborn infants. T. vaginalis may be transmitted to neonates during passage through an infected birth canal and neonatal infection is usually self-limiting course, but rare cases of symptomatic neonatal infection such as vaginitis, urinary tract infection and respiratory infection have been reported. We experienced a case of symptomatic neonatal trichomoniasis which was confirmed by wet mount examination of vaginal discharge and urine specimens in premature baby with intrauterine growth retardation. The patient had complete resolution of symptoms such as vaginal discharge and pyuria after treatment with ornidazole (tiberalR). We report this case with a brief review of the related literatures.
Fetal Growth Retardation ; Humans ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Ornidazole ; Parturition ; Pyuria ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Trichomonas vaginalis ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Vaginal Discharge ; Vaginitis