No abstract available.
Muscle, Smooth* ; Renin* ; Renin-Angiotensin System*

We studied the natural history of asymptomatic early avascular necrosis of the femoral head in forty-three patients(forty-three hips) who had been treated with arthroplasty due to progressed avascular necrosis of femoral head but had no symptoms in the other side. All initial lesions were classified with Ficat staging and International classification(ARCO). The duration until symptom onset and radiologic evidence of disease progression were evaluated. The average follow up period was over 37 months. Among forty-three hips, twenty-nine cases(67.4%) remained asymptomatic until last follow up but fourteen cases(32.6%) were symptomatic during the follow up, and twenty-six cases(60.5%) did not progress on the radiography but seventeen cases(39.5%) progressed to Ficat stage 3 or 4. Fifteen cases of IA, IIA, IB-cental and II B-central without lateral lesion did not occur symptom and didnt progress to Ficat stage 3 or 4 over a period of average 47 months(24-71 months). But fourteen cases of IB, IC, g B and II C progressed to Ficat stage 3 or 4 and they were all lateral lesion. These results suggest careful observation only can be done in the case of small involvement(less than 15%) and medial or central lesion relatively over a long period of time but for the large involvement(more than 30%) and especially lateral lesion, aggressive surgical treatment may be considered even though the early stage of disease for the prevention of progression. However it will need more period of time to accurately compare the results of various methods of treatment.
Arthroplasty ; Disease Progression ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head* ; Hip ; Natural History* ; Necrosis* ; Radiography

The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory role of vitamin A with respect to activation of Ito cells in fibrosis of the rat liver induced by common bile duct ligation(CBDL). The liver was examined by immunohistochemical staining for a-smooth muscle actin,the known marker of activated Ito cells, and light and electron microscopy after CBDL andCBDL with intraperitoneal injection of retinoic acid (Sigma, USA) 1 mg/Kg in 3 times per week. The results were sumrrlerized as follows: After CBDL, the bile ductules were markedly proliferated in the periportal areas extending toterminal hepatic veins. Interstitial fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration appeared, however,cholestasis was minimal. Retinoic acid treatment with CBDL decreased bile ductular proliferationand interstitial fibrosis compared to CBDL only. After CBDL, proliferated and activated Ito ceIs showing positive reaction in smooth muscle actin were present in the periductular andperisinusoidal areas, and areas of increased interstitial fibrosis. Activated ito cells weredecreased in number after CBDL with vitamin A treatment. Electron microscopically,intracytoplasmic fat droplets and the cytoplasmic processes of Ito cells were decreased afterCBDL. Myofibroblasts were frequently appeared in the interstitial fibrosis after CBDL. But,intracytoplasmic fat droplets of Ito cells were well preserved, and myofibroblasts were found lessfrequently after CBDL with vitamin A treatment. The results suggest that vitamin A plays an inbitory role in the activation and fibrogenesis ofIto cells after CBDL.
Rats ; Animals

No abstract available.
Skin Diseases*

Bowens disease is generally regarded as a premalignant dermatosis. If untreated, 3% to 5% of patients may develop squamous cell carcinoma. However, sebaciou carcinoma arising from Bowens disease is very rare. We presented a case of quarnous cell carcinoma and sebaceous circ s disease in a 68 year-old male. He had multiple bowenoid skin lesi nsties. A bean-sized nodule as developed on the bowenoid lesion of the he had a large yellow crust.ed exudative tumor on the Rt. thigh. We took a biopsy specimen of these three discrete lesions. The nu lipid stain of frozen section revealed Bowens disease, squarnous concllnoma arising from Bowen on the trunk and extremi Rt. lower abdomen. Almost of routine histology and carcinoma, and sebaceous carcinoma, respectively.
Abdomen ; Aged ; Biopsy ; Bowen's Disease ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Frozen Sections ; Humans ; Male ; Skin ; Skin Diseases ; Thigh

The use of communication media suitable for the audience and message is important in conducting effective family planning IEC activities. This study 'intended to assess differential effects of various media used by the Korean program on rural women's family planning knowledge, attitude, and practice. Data for the study were collected originally for the study of family planning mothers' clubs by the School of Public Health, Seoul National University in 1973. The sample was drawn according to the principle usually employed in obtaining a small sample from a large area. Initially, a sample of 25 Gun's was selected from a total of 138 Gun's by systematic random sampling on the basis of the list of number of mother's clubs in each Gun. Secondly, from each of these primary units(Gun) selected, two second stage units(Myon) were drawn by a systematic random sampling method based on the list of the number of Li's -in each Myon. Finally, a sample of nine Li's was drawn by a simple random sampling method from each Myon selected in the second stage sampling. In this way, a total of 450 Li's, 18 Li's from each of 25 Gun's, were selected. In one of thess 18 Li's of each Gun, all the married women with a living husband, up to age 49, were interviewed. out of 1.052 women interviewed, 145 women were naturally sterile or beyond menopause, and were excluded from thib study. Thus, the analytical population consists of 90 fecundable wives, including those with tubal ligation. A series of analyses were made to examine the relationships between family planning status and selected socio-demographic and communication variables. The family planning status was measured by three indicators, one for each of family planning knowledge, attitude, and practice. The variable for family planning knowledge was created by classifying the respondents into two groups: 1) those who professed to know in detail at least one contraceptive method out of a total of five, including the loop, oral pill, vasectomy, condom, and rhythm, and 2) those who had no professed knowledge about any method. The variable for family planning attitude was dichotomized into those who had favorable attitude toward at least one method among the same list of five, and those who did not have a favorable attitude toward any method. Contraceptive status was classified into two categories of current users and non-users. The independent variables, applied to explain the family planning status, include four sociode-mographie variables and six communication variables. The socio-demographic variables are age, education, number of living children and sons, and ideal number of sons. Communication variables are frequency of exposure to family planning messages through each of the following channels: radio and/or TV, newspaper and/or magazine, 'Happy Home' and/or leaflet, public meeting and/or lecture, family planning worker, and neighbor. Major findings obtained from the analysis are summarized as follows: 1. It was observed that about 33% of the eligible women did not want to have additional children but were not practicing contraception(pong-eem). About half of these women were ever-users and the other half were never-users. They have at least perceived the need for family planning, and thus, should be a primary target population for family planning IEC activities. 2. Socio-demographic variables showed a'closer association with practice than with knowledge or attitude. 3. The communication variables affected family planning status over and above the effects of the socio-demographic variables. When the communication variables were added to the socio-demographic variables as independent variables in the multiple classification analysis, the explained variance was increased by 6.3% in knowledge, 8.7% in attitude, and 4.3% in practice. This also suggests that the communication variables exert larger effects on knowledge and attitude than on practice. Family planning adoption decisions may be influenced by many other factors as well as by family planning knowledge and attitude. 4. The Beta-coefficient was computed for each of the independent variables in multiple classification analysis. Among the media considered in this study, 1) neighborhood communication, radio and/or TV, and 'Happy Home' and/or leaflet had significant effect on family planning knowledge:2) public meetings and/or lecture, radio and/or TV, and neighborhood communication had significant effect on family planning attitude: and 3) radio and/or TV, Happy Home and/or leaflet, and home visit had significant effect on family planning practice. Although program media, neighborhood communication, and radio and/or TV appeared to be more effective than other media, no definite pattern emerged. In the interpretation of these data, however, it should be remembered tha t the frequency of contact varies with the media. 5. When women were exposed to family planning messages more frequently, they tended to have more detailed knowledge about, and more favorable attitudes toward family planning, and were more likely to he practicing family planning. 6. Media behavior differed with age and educational level. It was found that the younger the women and the higher their educational level, the more frequently they were exposed to family planning messages through radio, TV, or printed materials. On the other hand, the older the women and the lower their educational level, the more frequently they were exposed to family planning messages through meetings, home visits, and neighborhood communication. This implies that the audiences' characteristics, such as age and educational level, should be taken into account in the selection of appropriate media.
Child ; Condoms ; Contraception ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Education ; Family Planning Services* ; Female ; Hand ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; House Calls ; Humans ; Menopause ; Mothers ; Newspapers ; Periodicals as Topic ; Public Health ; Residence Characteristics ; Seoul ; Spouses ; Statistics as Topic ; Sterilization, Tubal ; Vasectomy ; Periodicals

The crystalline surface layer protein (SLP) and a 28-32 kDa antigen of Rickettsia typhi were known as strong immunogens. We previously reported a cloning and sequence analysis of the SLP gene of R. typhi (slpT) and showed that the open reading frame of this gene encodes both the SLP and a 32-kDa protein. Our study also showed that a 48-kDa protein reacted strongly with polyclonal antiserum of a patient with murine typhus. In this study, we produced three recombinant proteins (SLP, 32-kDa, and 48-kDa protein) in E. coli as fusion proteins with maltose binding proteins. The reactivity of these proteins with patients' sera was investigated.
Clone Cells* ; Cloning, Organism* ; Crystallins ; Humans ; Maltose-Binding Proteins ; Open Reading Frames ; Recombinant Proteins ; Rickettsia typhi* ; Rickettsia* ; Sequence Analysis ; Typhus, Endemic Flea-Borne

No abstract available.
Mesotherapy* ; Mycobacterium*

No abstract available.
Congenital Hypothyroidism*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Capsaicin* ; Ganglia, Spinal* ; Rats*