The incidence of hepatitis B has been reported to be high in dialysis centers. Dialysis patients are at increased risk of acquiring hepatitis B due to their immunodeficient state, which impairs elimination of the hepatitis B virus; chronic dialysis patients rarely clear hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) spontaneously. Hepatitis B virus infection is associated with a high risk of hepatic complications. We report the case of a 66-year-old HBsAg-positive female patient who had undergone hemodialysis for 58 months due to end-stage renal failure and became HBsAg-negative followed by the development of hepatitis B surface antibody.
Aged ; Dialysis ; Female ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis B* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Renal Dialysis*

No abstract available.
Myocutaneous Flap* ; Pressure Ulcer*

No abstract available.
Cleft Lip*

Brachial plexus block has been evaluated in 192 cases of surgery of the upper extremities performed during the past 13 years and 9 months. (from Jan. 1958 to Sept. 1971) We have assessed supraclavicular and axillary brachial plexus block using 1% to 2% procaine and lidocaine adding adrenaline case by case. The dosage given was 30 ml to 40 ml in each case There were 142 males and 50 females. In 26 blocks judged unsatisfactory for surgery, we have usually substituted inhalation anesthesia and .2 cases were supplimented with intravenous thiopental sodium, 2.5%, 3 ml to 5 ml intermittently and 4 cases with intravenous thiopental sodium and meperidine. There were 4 cases of complications of supraclavicular brachial plexus block including 2 cases of pneumothorax, one of Horners syndrome only and a cardiac arrest immediately after block. There were no complications in axillary approaches. Therefore in conclusion this brachial plexus block was a simple and useful technic in surgery and treatment of the upper extremities.
Anesthesia, Inhalation ; Brachial Plexus* ; Epinephrine ; Female ; Heart Arrest ; Horner Syndrome ; Humans ; Lidocaine ; Male ; Meperidine ; Pneumothorax ; Procaine ; Thiopental ; Upper Extremity

Hepatie hilar ductal carcinoma is relatively rare, but the prognosis is known to be poor because an early diagnosis is difficult. Because the majority of patients are already infiltrated into adjacent organ by itself at the diagnosis, the rate of resectability is low. The best method of treatment is curative resection, and the range of tumor invasion is very important. The preoperative diagnosis is difficult because the cholangiography may be normal in cases of superficial invasion. Multifocal lesions within the biliary tract may be identified in as many as 10 percent of patients, Especially, the papillary type has the best prognosis and is associated with multiple tumors within the bile duct. We report a case that percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram showed normal distal common bile duct, but the hepatic hilar confluence and ampulla of Vater lesion was confirmed as adenocarcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma ; Ampulla of Vater* ; Bile Ducts ; Biliary Tract* ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Cholangiocarcinoma* ; Cholangiography ; Common Bile Duct ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Pancreas* ; Prognosis

To produce bioactive compound enriched yeast using medicinal Gugiga (Lycium chinensis Mill), several edible Saccharomyces species were cultured in Gugija extracts added yeast extract, peptone and dextrose medium (GE - YEPD medium) at 30degrees C for 24 hr, and their growth were determined. Growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae K-7 and Sacchromyces cerevisiae ACTC 7904 were better than those of the other yeasts. Two yeasts were selected and then determined their some physiological functionalities after cultivated the yeasts in the GE - YEPD medium and compared those grown on YEPD medium. Antihypertensive angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of S. cerevisiae K-7 grown on GE - YEPD medium was about 20% higher than that grown on YEPD medium. Superoxide dismutase-like activity of S. cerevisiae ACTC 7904 was also about 12% more high. However, the other physiological functionalities were almost same or lower. Optimal addition concentration of Gugija extract was 10%, and maximally growth and ACE inhibitory activity of S. cerevisiae K-7 were shown when the strain was cultured in 10% Gugija extracts containing YEPD medium at 30degrees C for 12 hr.
Angiotensins ; Glucose ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ; Peptones ; Saccharomyces ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; Sprains and Strains ; Superoxides ; Yeasts

In 1976 Ramanathan et al introduced a unilimb circle circuit connecting the CO2, absorber and dome valve. A coaxial breathing circuit, Mera F Type breathing circuit, is very light in weight, compact and it can be made any length. This circuit can be used as a circle system, rebreathing or non-rebreathing system and it can be applicable to both pediatric and adult anesthesia. This circuit is easily adaptable to humidification and pollution control devices. It is especially suitable for any kind of surgical procedures including head, neck and others requiring any awkward positions. A clinical study of this circuit was done in 30 cases and compaired with 18 cases using the coventional circuit. Fresh gas flow, tidal volume and respiratory rate were 4 L/min(02:2 L/min., N2O:2L/min.),10 ml/kg and 12-14/min respectively. Controlled ventilation using a volume preset ventilator was used in all cases. After induction, radial artery cannulation with a 20 G angiocatheter was done and blood gas analysis was performed at 30, 60 and 90 minutes respectively. The blood gas analysis was found satisfactory in either the conventional or the Mera F circuit system.
Adult ; Anesthesia* ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Catheterization ; Head ; Humans ; Neck ; Radial Artery ; Respiration* ; Respiratory Rate ; Tidal Volume ; Ventilation ; Ventilators, Mechanical

The authors experienced a case of mutism developed after the posterior fossa tumor surgery in a child. Mutism is a symptom mainly developed by supratentorial lesion in organic form. The possible pathogenesis of mutism after posterior fossa tumor surgery is discussed with a review of 18 additional previously reported cases.
Child* ; Humans ; Infratentorial Neoplasms* ; Mutism*

No abstract available.
Epidermis* ; Urocanic Acid*

No abstract available.
Copper* ; Lasers, Gas*